26 



RHAMNEyE. II. ZIZYPHUS. 



2. Leaves silky or downy beneath. 



24 Z. CEsopLiA (Mill. diet. no. 3.) leaves unequally ovate- 

 cordate, entire, acute, 3-nerved, covered with rusty down be- 

 neath ; prickles solitary, recurved ; branchlets pubescent ; 

 flowers crowded in the axils of the leaves. Tj . G. Native of 

 various parts of India. Rhamnus CEnoplia, Lin. spec. 282. 

 Burm. zeyl. t. 61. Flowers minute, greenish-yellow. Fruit 

 small, black, ovate-globose, juicy. 



Vinous Jujube. Clt. ? Shrub C feet. 



25 Z. TOMENTOSA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 360.) leaves unequally 

 ovate-cordate, 3-nerved, obtuse, minutely-serrulated, hairy above, 

 and downy beneath ; panicles lateral ; prickles solitary, scarcely 

 curved. Jj . G. Native of Chittagong, in the East Indies, 

 where it is used for fences. 



Donny Jujube. Shrub 8 feet. 



26 Z. XYLO'PYRUS (Willd. spec. 2. p. 11.) leaves obliquely- 

 cordate, 3-nerved, serrated, clothed with hoary down beneath, 

 as well as the branchlets and petioles ; prickles stipular when 

 present, the one recurved, the other straight ; corymbs axillary, 

 many-flowered, downy. Jj . S. Native on the coast of Coro- 

 mandel, common in every forest. Rhamnus xylopyrus, Retz. 

 obs. 2. p. 11. Flowers greenish-yellow. Fruit the size of a 

 large cherry, greenish, and downy, marked round the base with 

 the remains of the nectary, containing a 3-celled, 3-valved, 3- 

 seeded nut. Cattle eat the leaves, young shoots, and fruit. 

 The kernels taste like filberts, and are eaten by the natives. 

 The wood of the largest trees is much esteemed by them, being 

 yellowish or orange-coloured, very hard, and durable, and at the 

 same time not very heavy. 



Pear-nood Jujube. Clt. 1821. Tree 20 feet? 



27 Z. A'LBENS (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 356.) leaves obliquely- 

 oval, serrulated, downy beneath ; corymbs axillary, on long 

 peduncles ; corolla wanting ; style 2-cleft ; fruit drooping, 

 smooth, white ; prickles solitary, recurved. Jj . G. Native of 

 China. Drupe the size of a small cherry. The pulp rather 

 mealy and sweet. 



7T/(i<e-fruited Jujube. Fl. year. Tree 20 feet. 



28 Z. LATIFOLIA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 355.) leaves oval, ser- 

 rated, 3-nerved, downy beneath, unequal at the base ; prickles 

 solitary, short, thick, recurved ; corymbs panicled, terminal ; 

 corolla wanting; drupe turbinate ; nut 1-2-celled. lq . S. 

 Native of the East Indies, in the mountainous tracts of the Cir- 

 cars. Dr. Wallich found a tree so closely allied to this in Nipaul 

 at Noakote and Silhet that he dare not separate them ; he 

 ascertained that Roth's Z. obllrjua is this very species, and Z. 

 paniculata of the same individual to be hardly distinct. Drupe 

 yellow, size of a small cherry, usually 1-celled and 1-seeded. 

 Those of the Nipaul plant are eaten by the natives. 



Broad-leaved Jujube. Shrub 12 feet. 



29 Z. JU'JUBA (Lam. diet. 3. p. 318.) leaves obliquely-ovate, 

 serrated, downy below, as well as the young branches, hoary ; 

 prickles twin, the one recurved, the other straight ; corymbs 

 axillary, almost sessile. Jj . G. Native of India, and culti- 

 vated in China and Cochin-china. Rhamnus Jujuba, Lin. spec. 

 282. Ruinph. amb. 2. t. 36. Rheed. mal. 4. t. 41. Flowers 

 greenish-yellow. Drupe globular, size of a large cherry, smooth, 

 yellow when ripe, containing a 2-celled, 1-seeded nut. There 

 is a variety of this, or a new species, in the East Indies, which 

 produces an excellent fruit of a long form, about the size of a 

 hen's egg, known by the name of Narikellekool in Bengal. 

 The fruit of both varieties is eaten by all classes of persons. It 

 is sweet and mealy. The bark of the tree is said to be used in 

 the Moluccas in diarrhoea, and to fortify the stomach, which 

 seems to confirm the astringent properties of the bark of most 

 of the plants of this order. 



Jujube-tree. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1759. Tree 16 feet. 



30 Z. SORORIA (Schult. syst. 5. p. 337.) leaves roundish- 

 ovate, obtuse, mucronate, serrulated, downy beneath ; prickles 

 wanting ; corymbs axillary, divaricating, dichotomous ; stigma 

 simple. Tj . S. Native of the East Indies. Z. trinervia, var, a, 

 Roth, nov. spec. 5. p. 337. Allied to Z. Jujuba. Fruit eatable. 



Sister Jujube. Fl. ? Clt. 1821. Tree 16 feet. 



31 Z. MicRoniY'LLA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 362.) leaves round- 

 ish-ovate, 3-nerved, serrulated, woolly beneath ; prickles twin, 

 one straight, the other recurved ; branchlets bifarious, flexuous ; 

 flowers fascicled ; stigma 2-cleft. fy . S. Native on the coast 

 of Coromandel, as well as of Ceylon. Z. rotundifolia, Lam. 

 diet. 3. p. 31!). Z. nummularius, Gmel. syst. 401 ? Pluk. aim. 

 199. t. 197. f. 2. Rhamnus nummularia, Burm. ind. 01. 

 Flowers greenish-yellow. 



Small-leaved Jujube. ' Shrub 4 feet. 



32 Z. ORTHACA'NTHA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 21.) leaves ovate, 

 almost entire, obtuse, covered with short hoary down beneath, 

 as well as branchlets and petioles ; prickles twin, straight ; 

 corymbs axillary, downy. (7 . S. Native of Senegal. Flowers 

 greenish-yellow. Drupe reddish, round, about the size of a fil- 

 bert, and is eaten by the natives of Senegal, as well as made 

 into a sort of drink by them, resembling that made from Z. 

 Lotus, which see, no. 3. 



Straight-prickled Jujube. Tree 16 feet. 



33 Z. OKBICULA'RIS (Schult. syst. 5. p. 338.) leaves cordate, 

 orbicular, or somewhat ovate, obtuse, mucronate, downy, equally 

 and bluntly serrulated ; prickles solitary, recurved ; corymbs 

 axillary, conglomerated, dichotomous ; fruit downy, containing a 

 3-celled nut. Tj . S. Native of the East Indies. Z. rotundi- 

 folia, Roth. nov. spec. 160. but not of Lam. Flowers greenish- 

 yellow. 



Orbicidar-\ca\ed Jujube. Tree ? 



34 Z. POIRE'TTI ; leaves ovate-roundish, sharply serrulated, 

 downy beneath, as well as the branches, petioles, and flowers ; 

 prickles twin, one recurved, the other straight ; corymbs axil- 

 lary ; fruit subglobose, smooth. Vj . S. Native of St. Domingo. 

 Z. tomentosa, Poir. suppl. 3. p. 192. but not of Roxb. 



Poirett's Jujube. Tree ? 



35 Z. ROTUNDA'TA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 21.) leaves ovate, ob- 

 tuse, rather oblique at the base, somewhat crenulated, clothed 

 beneath with greyish-velvety down, as well as the petioles, 

 branchlets, and flowers ; prickles twin, the one recurved, the 

 other straight ; corymbs axillary ; fruit ovate, blunt, smooth, 

 fj . S. Native of the Mauritius, in woods. Rhamnus Mauri- 

 tianus, Willem. herb. Maur. p. 20 ? Flowers yellowish. 



/ioM7K/e/-fruited Jujube. Tree 12 feet? 



36 Z. MAURITIA'NA (Lam. diet. 3. p. 319.) leaves oval, 

 roundish, obtuse, almost entire, clothed beneath with dense 

 white or somewhat rusty down, as well as the petioles, branchlets, 

 and flowers ; prickles twin, one recurved, the other straight ; 

 corymbs axillary ; fruit oblong, acuminated. Ij . S. Native of 

 the Mauritius. Flowers yellowish. Resembling Z. Jujuba. 



Mauritian Jujube. Fl. May. Clt. 1820. Tree 16 feet? 



37 Z. OXYCA'RPA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 21.) leaves ovate, some- 

 what acute, tapering to the base, and oblique, sharply serrulated, 

 hoary-velvety beneath, as well as the petioles and branchlets ; 

 prickles twin, the one recurved, the other straight ; corymbs 

 axillary ; fruit oblong, acuminated. Tj . S. Native of the 

 East Indies, and in the Indian Archipelago. (Labill.) This 

 species resembles Z. CEnoplia in the leaves, but Z. Mauritiana 

 in the fruit. 



Sharp-fruited Jujube. Shrub 12 feet? 



38 Z. E'LEGANS (Wall, in fl. ind. 2. p. 360.) erect, nearly 

 unarmed, with filiform pubescent branches, and bifarious, lan- 

 ceolate, serrulated, bluntly-acuminated leaves, which are smooth 

 above, and pubescent beneath. Jj . S. Native of Singapore. 

 The fruit and flowers of this elegant shrub are unknown. 



