36 



RHAMNE^E. XIV. HOVENIA. XV. COLUBRINA. 



sub -cylindrical, rcflexed, smooth, an inch long, thickening after 

 flowering, containing a sweet red pulp, which is eaten by the 

 Japanese, and has a taste somewhat like a pear. 



Sweet Hovenia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1812. Tree 12 feet. 



2 H. iNauA v Lis (D. C. prod. 2. p. 40.) leaves cordate, acu- 

 minate, rather hairy beneath, unequal at the base, 3-nerved. 

 Jj . G. Native of Nipaul, at Katumanda, where it is called 

 JHunko-Khoshee, H. acerba, Lindl. hot. reg. t. 501. H. dulcis, 

 D. Don, prod. 189. Wall. fl. ind. 2. p. 414. Flowers small, 

 white, disposed in axillary, rarely in terminal, dichotomous, 

 villous cymes. Capsule round, size of a pea, seated on an en- 

 larged peduncle, which is soft, and contains a red sweet pulp. 

 This does not come to maturity till after the capsules are ripe. 



Uneyual-\eaved Hovenia. Fl. Ap. Jul. Clt. 1820. Tree 30 ft. 



Cult. See Retanilla for culture and propagation, p. 34. 



XV. COL.UBR.rNA (from coluber, a snake, in allusion to the 

 twisted stems). Rich. mss. Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. 61. 

 Rhamnus and Ceanothus species of authors. fe 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogynia. Calylf spreading, 5-cleft 

 (f. 6. D. a.). Petals 5, obovate, convolute ($6. D. &.). Stamens 

 exserted (f. 6. D. c.); anthers ovate 2-celled. v Disk fleshy, rather 

 flat, pentagonal (f. 6. D. g.). Ovary immersed in and adnate to 

 the disk (f. G. D. e.\ 3-celled. Style trifid (f. 6. D. a.). Stigmas 3. 

 Fruit capsular, dehiscent, tricoccous, girded at the base by the 

 circumcised calyx (f. 6. D.f.), Seeds furnished with a short 

 stalk. Shrubs, with alternate, quite entire or crenulated leaves, 

 netted with distant feather nerves, smooth, but usually pubes- 

 cent or rusty-villous. Flowers in axillary, short, crowded cymes, 

 or in fiiscicles, with simple peduncles (f. 6. D.). 



* South American species. 



1 C. FERRUGI'NEA (Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. C2.) leaves ovate, 

 a little acuminated, entire, covered with rusty villi beneath, as 

 well as the branchlets and flowers ; flowers axillary, cymose, 

 aggregate. Vj . S. Native of South America, in most of th'e 

 West India Islands. Rhamnus colubrmus, Lin. syst. 195. Jacq. 

 hort. vind. 3. t. 50. Ceanothus colubrinus, Lam. ill. no. 2684. 

 Ceanothus arborescens, Mill. Comm. hort. 1. t. 90. Flowers 

 greenish. Seeds ovate, shining, black. This tree is called Hois 

 couleuvre or Snake-mood in Martinique ; hence the generic 

 name. 



Rusty Snake-wood. Fl. May, Nov. Clt. 1 762. Tree 30 feet. 



2 C. FERME'NTUM (Rich. ined. in Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. 62.) 

 This species has not been described ; it is therefore only known 

 to Brogniart. It is a native of Guiana. 



Fermented Snake-wood. Tree. 



3 C. RECLINA'TA (Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. 62.) leaves ellip- 

 tical, acute, quite entire, pubescent beneath, as well as the 

 branches and flowers ; branches flexible, pendulous ; flowers 

 axillary, aggregate, cymose. Tj . S. Native of the mountains 

 of Jamaica, in bushy places, also in St. Domingo, where it is 

 called Palo-amargo. Rhamnus ellipticus, Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 

 265. Paliurus inermis, Hort. par. Zizyphus Domingensis, 

 Duham. ed. 'nov. 3. p. 55. ex Desf. Ceanothus reclinatus, Lher. 

 sert. p. 6. Browne, jam. t. 29. f. 2. Flowers greenish. 



Reclined-branched Snake-wood. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1758. Sh. 6 ft. 



4 C. GRANITLOSA (Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. 62.) leaves ovate- 

 oblong, acuminated, somewhat serrated from the middle, smooth, 

 shining, with the nerves at the base pubescent, as well as the 

 petioles ; peduncles axillary, short, dichotomous, umbellate. T? . 

 S. Native of Peru, in groves. Ceanothus granulosus, Ruiz et 

 Pav. fl. per. 5. t. 228. f. 6. Flowers white. Capsules round- 

 ish, turbinate, with prominent ribs. 



Granular Snake-wood. Tree 24 feet. 



5 C. TRIFLORA (Brogn. in mem. rhamn. p. 62.) leaves acute, 

 crenulated, rusty beneath ; peduncles axillary, 3-flowered, or 

 pedicels 3 together, 1 -flowered. Jj . G. Native of Mexico. 

 Rhamnus triflorus, Moc. et Sesse in herb. Lamb. Flowers 

 greenish-white. 



Three-Jlorvered Snake-wood. Shrub. 



6 C. CUBE'NSIS (Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. 62.) leaves elliptical, 

 oblong, acutish, quite entire, greenish-velvety above, hoary and 

 downy beneath, as well as the branchlets and flowers ; peduncles 

 axillary, corymbose, longer than the petioles. T? . S. Native 

 of Cuba, in bushy places, as well as of St. Domingo. Ceano- 

 thus Cubensis, Lam. Jacq. hort. vind. t. 49. Rhamnus Cuben- 

 sis, Lin. Flowers cream-coloured. Sepals fringed. 



Cuba Snake-wood. Fl. ? Clt. 1820. Shrub 8 feet. 



7 C. ALAMA'NI ; leaves ovate, obtuse, serrulated, somewhat 

 velvety and green above, hoary and downy beneath, as well as 

 the branchlets and flowers ; peduncles axillary, corymbose, 

 length of petioles. Jj . S. Native of Mexico. Ceanothus Ala- 

 mani, D. C. prod. 2. p. 31. Leaves both opposite and alternate 

 in the same branch. 



Ataman's Snake-wood. Shrub. 



8 C. ? MACROCA'RPUS ; leaves ovate, somewhat cordate at the 

 base, roundish, serrated, downy beneath, as well as the branch- 

 lets ; flowers axillary, glomerate ; fruit pendulous. Ij . S. Na- 

 tive of New Spain. Ceanothus macrocarpus, Cav. icon. 3. t. 

 276. Flowers white. 



Long-fruited Snake-wood. Clt. 1824. Shrub 6 feet. 



9 C. ? PUBE'SCENS ; leaves ovate, acuminated, pubescent, 

 acutely serrated ; peduncles axillary, very short ; dichotomous 

 umbellate. fy . S. Native of Peru, in groves. Ceanothus 

 pubescens, Ruiz et Pav. fl. peru, 3. p. 6. t. 228. f. a. Flowers 

 white. Fruit round, black. 



Pubescent Snake-wood. Tree 18 feet. 



10 C.? MOCINIA'NA ; leaves oval, entire, 1 -nerved, pubescent 

 beneath, as well as the branchlets ; peduncles lateral, dichoto- 

 mous, few-flowered. J? . G. Native of Mexico. Ceanothus 

 Mocinianus, D. C. prod. 2. p. 32. Ceanothus macrocarpus, Moc. 

 et Sesse, fl. mex. icon. ined. but not of Cav. Calyx spreading 

 much after the time of flowering. 



Mocino's Snake-wood. Clt. 1824. Shrub. 



* * Asiatic species. 



11C. ASIA'TICA (Brogn. mem. rhamn. p. 62.) leaves ovate, 

 acuminated, serndated, glossy, 3-nerved at the base ; peduncles 

 axillary, branched, many-flowered, shorter than the leaves. ^ . 

 S. Native of the East Indies, Ceylon, Mauritius, Nipaul, as 

 well as on the western coast of equinoxial Africa. Ceanothus 

 Asiaticus, Lin. spec. 284. Cav. icon. t. 440. f. 1. Lam. ill. t. 

 129. Tubanthera, Comm. mss. Burm. zeyl. 111. t. 48. 

 Rhamnus acumin&tus, Colebr. mss. Flowers small, yellowish- 

 green, fragrant. Capsule round, obovate, about the size of a 

 small gooseberry, 3-furrowed, 3-celled, 3-valved, 3-seeded. 

 Seeds triangular, with a gibbous back. 



Asiatic Snake-wood. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1691. Shrub 16 feet. 



12 C. NIPAULE'NSIS ; shrub erectish or rambling, w^ith all the 

 upper parts pubescent ; leaves somewhat bifarious, oblong, acu- 

 minated, serrulated, smooth, and shining, with alternate nerves, 

 the axillae of which are hairy ; racemes terminal, panicled, pubes- 

 cent. Tj . G. Native of Nipaul. Ceanothus Nipaulensis, Wall. 

 fl. ind. 2. p. 375. Branches scabrous, and have a tendency to 

 ramble over trees. Flowers small, green, fascicled, disposed in 

 terminal racemes on the naked branches, interspersed with a 

 number of small, lanceolate, floral leaflets, the whole forming a 

 branchy panicle. Petals very small, yellowish, cttcullate, con- 

 cealing the stamens. Ovary 3-lobed. Style trifid. Fruit 

 about the size of a pea at first, succulent, afterwards dry, con- 



