TEREBINTHACE^E. 



61 



for rubbing newly made ropes, which it covers with a very 

 durable bright dark brown colour. The juice of the same plant 

 is applied by the Indians in diseases of the eyes (Prince Maxi- 

 mil. trav. 270.). The fruit of Semccarpus Anacurdium and Ana- 

 cdrdium occidentals is said to exercise a singular effect on the 

 brain (Verey. bull, pharm. 1814. p. 271.). The bark of Rhus 

 glabrum is considered febrifugal, and is also employed as a mor- 

 dant for red colours. Several species of Comocladia stain the 

 skin black. The Casliem and the Pistachia are valuable for 

 their nuts, which are well-known articles in the markets of 

 Europe. The Mango is equally famous for its fruit within the 

 tropics. Mastich is the produce of Pistacia lenliscus and Ve- 

 netian turpentine that of Pistacia tereb'mtlius. The bark of 

 Rhus coriaria is a powerful means of tanning the skins of animals, 

 and several of the species of the same genus produce excellent 

 varnishes. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 

 TRIBE I. 



ANACARDIE'JE or CASSUVIE'^E. Petals and stamens inserted in 

 the caly cine disk or in the calyx. Ovary I, l-celled, \-ovulate. 

 Seed sustained by a funicle, n'hich is injlcxcd at the apex and 

 rising from the bottom of the cell, exalbuminose. Cotyledons 

 thick, replicate above the radicle. 



1 ANACA'RDIUM. Flowers polygamo-dioecious. Calyx 5- 

 parted. Petals 5, linear. Stamens 10, unequal, some sterile. 

 Style and stigma one. Nut kidney-shaped, seated on a pear- 

 shaped fruit. Leaves simple. 



2 RHINOCA'RPUS. Flowers polygamo-dioecious. Calyx 5- 

 cleft. Petals 5, oblong. Stamens 10, 4 or 5 of which are only 

 fertile. Style lateral. Nut oblique, compressed, seated on a 

 thick pedicel. Leaves simple. 



3 SEMECA'RPUS. Flowers polygamo-dioecious. Calyx 5- 

 cleft. Petals 5, oblong. Ovary 1, sessile, l-celled. Stamens 5, 

 all fertile. Styles 3. Nut compressed, heart-shaped, seated on 

 a thick depressed torus. Leaves simple. 



4 HOLIGA'RNA. Male and hermaphrodite flowers on divi- 

 sions of the same tree. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 5, villous. 

 Stamens 5. Ovary l-celled, 1 -seeded. Nut olive-formed, 

 somewhat compressed. Leaves simple. 



5 MANOI'FERA. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5-parted. Pe- 

 tals 5. Stamens 5, 4 of which are usually without anthers. 

 Style 1. Drupe baccate, rather compressed (f. 13. 6.), contain- 

 ing a fibry woody nut (f. 13. c.). Leaves simple. 



6 BUCHANA V NIA. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 5-cleft, 

 rarely 3-4-cleft. Petals 5, inserted under the disk. Stamens 

 10. Disk 10-crenate. Ovaries 5 or concrete, 4 of which are 

 barren, the styles are therefore 5, and the ovary 1. Drupe 

 rather fleshy, 1-seeded. Leaves simple. 



7 CONIOGE'TON. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 5-parted, 

 Petals 5. Stamens 10, equal. Ovaries 4-5, 1-styled, girded by 

 a denticulated urceolus. Stigmas obtuse. Drupe solitary, con- 

 taining a 1-seeded lenticular nut. Leaves simple. 



8 PISTA'CIA. Flowers dioecious, apetalous, disposed in 

 amentaceous racemes, each scale with 1 flower. Calyx 3-4- 



cleft. Ovary 1-3-celled. Stigmas 3, thickish. Drupe rather 

 dry, containing a bony, l-celled, 1-seeded nut. Leaves pinnate. 



9 ASTRO'NIUM. Flowers dioecious. Calyx of 5 coloured 

 sepals. Petals 5. Glands 5 in the disk. Stamens 5. Ovary 1. 

 Styles 3, reflexed. Pericarp membranous, 1-seeded. Leaves 

 impari-pinnate. 



10 MELANORRIICE'A. Flowers hermaphrodite. Sepals 5, ca- 

 ducous, cohering valvately. Petals 5, rarely 6, imbricate in 

 aestivation. Stamens numerous, inserted in the torus. Style 1 . 

 Fruit indehiscent, depressedly kidney-shaped, stalked. Leaves 

 simple. 



11 COMOCLA'DIA. Flowers hermaphrodite or monoecious. 

 Calyx 3-4-parted. Petals 3-4, long. Stamens 3-4, short. 

 Ovary 1. Style none. Stigma 1. Drupe l-celled, 1-seeded. 

 Leaves impari-pinnate. 



12 CYRTOCA'RPA. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5-parted. 

 Petals 5, sessile, imbricate in aestivation. Stamens 10. Disk 

 large, 10-crenate. Style crowned by a 10-cleft stigma. Drupe 

 obovate, having 5 tubercles above the middle, containing a hard 

 nut. Leaves impari-pinnate. 



13 SPATHE'LIA. Flowers dioecious or polygamous. Calyx 

 5-parted. Petals 5, hypogynous. Stamens 5, with tricuspidate 

 filaments. Stigmas 3. Drupe 3-celled, trigonal, 3-winged, 

 sometimes 2-celled and 2-winged. Cells 1-seeded. Leaves 

 impari-pinnate. Perhaps belonging to Sapmdacece. 



14 PICRA'MNIA. Flowers dioecious. Calyx 3-5-parted. Pe- 

 tals 3-5. Stamens 3-5. Stigmas 2, sessile. Drupe containing 

 a 2-celled, 2-seeded nut. Leaves impari-pinnate. 



15 BISCHOFIA. Flowers dioecious. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 

 none. Stamens 5, connate. Ovary 3-celled ; cells 2-ovulate. 

 Stigmas 3, sessile. Fruit containing 3 1-seeded nuts. Leaves 

 trifoliate. 



16 SA'BIA. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 

 5. Styles 2, contiguous, crowned by an obtuse stigma. Sta- 

 mens 5, inserted in a 5-lobed disk. Drupe 2-lobed ; lobes 1- 

 seeded. 



TRIBE II. 



SUMACHI'NE^;. Petals and stamens inserted in the calycine 

 disk or in the calyx. Ovary I, l-celled, 1-ovulate. Seed pen- 

 dulous, suspended from a funicle, which rises from the base, exal- 

 buminous. Cotyledons leafy, with the radicle inflexed above them, 



17 RHU'S. Calyx small, 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens 5, 

 all fertile, both in the male flowers and the hermaphrodite ones. 

 Ovary 1, l-celled, 1-seeded. Styles 3, short, or stigmas 3, 

 sessile. Drupe nearly dry, l-celled, containing a l-celled, 1-2-3- 

 seeded bony nut. Leaves variously compound, rarely simple. 



18 MAU'RIA. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx 4-5-lobed, 

 urceolate. Petals 4-5. Stamens 8-10, inserted under the an- 

 nular disk. Ovary 1, sessile, l-celled, 1-seeded. Style very 

 short, crowned by a 3-4-angled stigma. Fruit compressed, 

 rather fleshy. Leaves impari-pinnate. 



19 STAGMA'RIA. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx tubular, 

 irregularly ruptured. Petals 5, inserted in the stipe of the ovary. 



