LEGUMINOS.E. CLXXXVII. APIOS. CLXXXVII1. PH.ASEOLUS. 



349 



Bundle-flowered Wistaria. Shrub el. 



Cull. All the species of Wistaria are very elegant when in 

 flower, and being all hardy climbers, deserve to be cultivated in 

 every collection of plants. They grow best in light rich earth, 

 and they should be nailed against a south wall, where they will 

 flower in great profusion. The China species being an early 

 flowerer, has a beautiful appearance when planted in a border 

 in the green-house, and the shoots trained to the rafters. They 

 are all easily increased by cuttings planted either in sand or 

 mould, but they are generally propagated by layers. 



CLXXXVII. ATIOS (from avtov, apion, a pear ; in refer- 

 ence to the form of the tubers of the roots). Boerh. lugd. 2. 

 p. 53. Mccnch. meth. 165. Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 459. 

 Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 113 Glycine, sect. 1. Ell. act. soc. phi], 

 1818. vol. 1. p. 385. Bradlea, A Jans. fam. 2. p. 321. 



Lix. SYST. Diadelphia, Decandria. Calyx campanulate, 

 with 4 almost obsolete teeth, and one acute elongated one under 

 the keel. Corolla papilionaceous, with a falcate linear carina, bent 

 back upon the top of the vexillum. Stamens diadelphous. Stipe 

 of ovary sheathed by a little tube. Stigma emarginate. Legume 

 many-seeded, and 2-celled ; the seeds intercepted by dissepi- 

 ments. Climbing smooth herbs, with tuberous eatable roots, 

 impari-pinnate leaves, and axillary racemes of brownish-purple 

 sweet-scented flowers. Bracteoles closely adpressed to the calyx, 

 but very soon falling off. 



1 A. TUBEROSA (Mccnch. 1. c.) 2/ . . H. Native from 

 Pennsylvania to Carolina, on the mountains, in hedges, and 

 among bushes. Glycine A'pios, Lin. spec. 1067. Sims, bot. 

 mag. 'l 198. Schkuhr, handb. 198. Moris, hist. 2. t. 9. f. 1. 

 Flowers brown, sweet-scented. Tubers of the roots edible, and 

 farinaceous, much like those of Latlii/rus tuberosus sold in some 

 of the German markets, and seldom larger, though more numer- 

 ous ; growing, however, sometimes to a large size. 



Tuberous-rooted Apios. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1640. PI. tw. 



Cult. Ajnos is an elegant climbing plant, which grows freely 

 in common garden soil, and is easily increased by the tubers 

 from the roots. Its branches require to be supported by stakes 

 like peas. 



CLXXXVIII. PHASE'OLUS (from phasclus, a little boat ; 

 supposed resemblance in pods). Lin. gen. 866. Lam. ill. 

 610. Savi. diss. in 8vo. 1824. D. C. prod. 2. p. 390. 



LIN. SYST. Diadelphia, Decandria. Calyx campanulate, bi- 

 labiate ; upper lip bidentate, lower one 3-parted. Corolla papi- 

 lionaceous. Keel, style, and stamens spirally twisted together, 

 rarely incurved. Stamens diadelphous. Style of ovary sheathed 

 by the tubular torus. Legume compressed or cylindrical, 2-valved, 

 many-seeded ; the seeds separated by a kind of cellular sub- 

 stance, and furnished with an oval-oblong hylum. Herbs or 

 subshrubs, with usually twining stems. Leaves pinnately-trifo- 

 liate, with the leaflets stipellate at the base. Racemes axillary- 

 Pedicels usually twin, always 1 -flowered. The most part of the 

 species are not well defined. 



SECT. I. EUPHASE'OLUS (from eu, well, and pliascolus ; this 

 section contains the genuine species). D. C. prod. 2. p. 390. 

 Legumes compressed. 



1 . Caracd/la (from the Celtic words car, a head, and cal, a 

 covering ; was the name of a hooded dress worn by the Gauls). 

 Stems frutescent. Roots fasciculatcly -tuberous. Leaflets entire. 

 Vexillum twisted. 



1 P. CARACA'LLA (Lin. spec. 1017.) plant twining, hardly pu- 

 bescent ; leaflets ovate-rhomboid, acuminated ; racemes longer 

 than the leaves ; teeth of calyx nearly equal ; vexillum and carina 

 spirally twisted ; legumes straight, torulose, pendulous. I/ .^.S. 



Native of the East Indies. Andr. bot. rep. t. 341. Delaun. 

 herb. amat. t. 31. Savi. mem. p. 11. Triumph, obs. t. 94. 

 Trew. pi. rar. p. 1 1. t. 10. Flowers large, purple and yel- 

 lowish mixed. This plant is cultivated in many parts of the 

 south of Europe and north of Africa. It is a very curious 

 plant, and will grow and flower freely, if kept free of the red 

 spider. It w : as named caracalla by the Portuguese, who first 

 brought it from South America, in consequence of its hooded 

 flower. 



Caracalla Kidney-bean or Snail-flower. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 

 1690. PI. tw. 



2 P. TUBEROSUS (Lour. coch. p. 434.) plant twining, shrubby ; 

 leaflets unknown ; stipulas 2-horned ; racemes almost terminal ; 

 upper lip of calyx emarginate, lower one 3-parted, nearly equal; 

 vexillum revolute ; legume compressed. fy . . G. Native of 

 Cochinchina. Roots tuberous ; tubers large, in fascicles, eatable. 

 Flowers yellow. 



7V;ero,s-rooted Kidney-bean. Shrub tw. 



3 P. KOSTRA V TUS (Wall. pi. asiat. rar. 1. p. 50. t. fi.'j.) plant 

 perennial, pilose ; leaflets ovate, acute ; racemes axillary, few- 

 flowered, on long peduncles ; wings variously twisted ; keel with 

 a very long spiral beak ; legume flat, linear, arched. Tj . ^. S. 

 Native of the mountains contiguous to Bengal, and of the Bur- 

 man empire on mountains near the banks of the Irawaddi, at 

 Paghamew and Frome. Flowers pale violet ; wings ornamented 

 with white veins. 



Beaked- fio;\ered. Kidney-bean. PI. tw. 



2. Perennes ( perennis, perennial ; roots permanent). Stems 

 herbaceous. Roots perennial. Racemes oj flowers somewhat pa- 

 nicled. Leaflets entire. 



4 P. PERE'NNIS (Walt. fl. car. 182.) plant twining, pubescent ; 

 leaflets ovate, acuminated, triple-nerved ; racemes 1-3-together, 

 axillary, panicled, longer than the leaves ; bracteoles small ; le- 

 gumes broad, pendulous, falcate, mucronate. JJ. . / "\ H. Native 

 of Carolina and Georgia. Ell. sketch. 2. p. 228. P. panicula- 

 tus, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 60. Dolichos polystachyus, Lin. 

 spec. 1022. Flowers purplish-violet. Vexillum bicallous. 



Perennial Kidney-bean. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1824. PI. tw. 



5 P. MACROSTA'CHYUS (Ell. in journ. sc. nat. phil. 1818. p. 

 384.) plant twining, pubescent ; leaflets ovate, acuminated, vil- 

 lous beneath ; racemes very long, simple ; pedicels in fascicles. 

 I/. r \ H. Native of North America. Like P. perennis, but 

 move robust, and with the leaflets thick, not membranous. 

 Racemes of flowers 12-14 inches long. Flowers purplish violet. 



Long-xpiked Kidney-bean. PI. tw. 



^ 3. Macropbdii (from /ia/cpoc, makros, long, and Trove irococ, 

 pous podos, a foot ; in reference to the peduncles being longer 

 than the leaves). Hoots annual. Leaflets entire. Peduncles 

 longer than the leaves. 



6 P. BRACTEA'TUS (Spreng. syst. 3. p. 250.) branches angular, 

 pubescent ; leaflets obovate-oblong, glabrous, rather coriaceous, 

 reticulately-veined ; peduncles axillary, few-flowered ; bracteas 

 lanceolate, few-nerved ; legumes linear. O- . S. Native of 

 Brazil. Flowers purple. 



Bractcatc- flowered Kidney-bean. PI. tw. 



7 P. ALA'TUS (Lin. spec. 1017.) plant twining, rather pilose; 

 leaflets ovate, acuminated ; peduncles very long, spicate ; flowers 

 twin, sessile ; upper lip of calyx broad, entire ; wings of corolla 

 equal to the vexillum in length ; legume linear, compressed, de- 

 flexed. Q.^.H. Native country unknown.. Dill. hort. elth. p. 

 314. t. 235. f. 303. Flowers at first purple, but at length be- 

 coming violaceous. Seeds compressed, of a brownish red-colour, 

 with a white eye. 



Winged Kidney-bean. Fl. July. Clt. 1732. PI. tw. 



8 P. BRACTEOLA'TUS (Nees et Mart, in nov. act. bonn. 12. p. 



