LEGUMINOS^E. CXCI. DOLICIIOS. 



357 



Miso in Japan, are put into soups, and are the most common dish 

 there 1 , insomuch that the Japanese frequently eat them three 

 times a day. The Soja of the Japanese, which is preferred to 

 the Kitjap of the Chinese, is prepared from the seeds, and is 

 used in almost all their dishes instead of common salt. The 

 Chinese also have a favourite dish made of these seeds, called 

 ten-lai or tau-hu, which looks like curd, and though insipid in 

 itself, yet with proper seasoning is agreeable and wholesome. 



/"</;. p, pci/lida (B.C. prod. 2. p. 396.) flowers yellow; seeds 

 white. Roxb. hort. beng. p. 55. 



Hispid Soja. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1790. PL 1| foot. 



Cult. The seeds of this plant only require to be sown in a 

 warm sheltered situation in the month of May. 



CXCI. DO'LICHOS (from ?oX<xoe, dolichos, long; in re- 

 ference to the length of the twining stems, which in some species 

 extend to the tops of the loftiest trees). Lin. gen. no. 867. ex- 

 clusive of many of the species. Adans. fam. 2. p. 325. Savi, 

 diss. 1824. p. 15. D. C. legum. mem. ix. prod. 2. p. 396. 



LIN. SYST. Diadelphia, Decandria. Calyx bibracteolate at the 

 base, campanulate, 5-toothed, with 2 of the teeth approximate or 

 joined at the base. Corolla papilionaceous, with a roundish 

 vexillum, which is furrowed at the base, and furnished with 2 or 

 4 diverging callosities. Wings oblong, obtuse. Carina obtuse, 

 incurved, forming almost a straight angle, never spirally twisted. 

 Stamens diadelphous. Anthers roundish. Style compressed, 

 bearded from the middle to the apex. Legume compressed, 

 linear, 2-valved, having the valves neither winged nor nerved ; 

 the seeds intercepted by a kind of cellular substance. Seeds 

 ovate, more or less compressed, with a small oval hylum. 

 Herbs or subshrubs, usually with twining stems, acute stipulas, 

 pinnately-trifoliate leaves, stipellate leaflets, and axillary racemes 

 of flowers. The species of this genus are not well defined, and 

 are therefore worthy of a monograph, the only mode by which 

 genera containing a great number of species can be well distin- 

 guished. 



SECT. I. EUDOLICHOS (from eu, well, and dolichos ; this section 

 contains the genuine species). D. C. prod. 2. p. 397. Legume 

 compressed, apiculated by the short permanent style. 



1 D. LIGNOSUS (Lin. spec. 1022.) stems woody ; branches 

 twining, rather villous ; leaflets ovate, acute, smooth, glaucous 

 beneath ; peduncles longer than the leaves ; flowers umbellate ; 

 legumes linear, straight, smoothish. Ij . ^. G. Native of the 

 East Indies. Lin. hort. cliff, t. 20. Smith, spic. t. 21. Rurnph. 

 amb. 5. t. 136. Flowers rose-coloured, with a purplish keel. 

 Legume white inside. Seeds black, with a white hylum. 



Woody Dolichos. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1776. Shrub tw. 



2 D. CURTI'SII ; stem woody ; branches twining, rather vil- 

 lous ; leaflets rhomboid, acute, glaucous beneath, smooth ; 

 peduncles long ; flowers umbellate ; legume linear, falcate. Jj . 

 '~ 1 . G. Native of the East Indies. Dolichos lignosus, Curt. bot. 

 mag. 382. Flowers rose-coloured, with a purplish keel. Per- 

 haps this is the edible variety of D. lignosus mentioned in Roxb. 

 cat. hort. beng. p. 7. 



Curtis' s Dolichos. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1776. Shrub tw. 



3 D. JACQUI'NI (D. C. prod. 2. p. 397.) stem woody ; 

 branches twining, hispid; leaflets ovate, acute ; peduncles shorter 

 than the leaves ; flowers umbellate ; legumes linear, straight, 

 very pilose. Jj . |0 . S. Native of the West Indies, in woods. 

 D. lignosus, Jacq. amer. 205. pict. 100. exclusive of the sy- 

 nonymes. Flowers white. Seeds 18, black, with a white hylum. 



Jacquiris Dolichos. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1800. Shrub tw. 



4 D. GALEA V TUS (Gaud, in Freycenet, et voy. part. bot. p. 486. 

 t. 15.) plant procumbent or twining; branchlets and petioles 



puberulous ; leaflets ovate-elliptic, acuminated, rounded at the 

 base, reticulately-veined, membranous, smooth ; peduncles axil- 

 lary, 3-flowered ; the 2 superior lobes of the calyx large and 

 roundish, lower ones lanceolate, acute ; legumes 3-keeled. if. . 

 / ~ v . G. Native of the Sandwich Islands. Perhaps a species of 

 Canavalia. 



Hclmetted Dolichos. PI. tw. 



5 D. ? SPURIUS (Mey. prim, esseq. 242.) stem shrubby, 

 climbing ; branches tomentose ; leaflets ovate, obtuse at both 

 ends, tomentose beneath ; peduncles 2-flowered, length of the 

 petioles ; legumes linear, ending in a long acumen, tomen- 

 tose. ?j . '"\ S. Native of Guiana, in the island of Arowahish. 

 Flowers large, purplish-violet. Vexillum without any callosity, 

 having the unguis thickened with the calyx. Seeds imbedded in 

 dry pulp. 



Spurious Dolichos. Shrub tw. 



6 D.? SUBRACEMOSUS (Jacq. amer. 205.) stems permanent, 

 twining, and are, as well as the leaves, glabrous ; leaflets ovate- 

 lanceolate ; peduncles racemose, 3- 1-flowered ; legumes linear, 

 acuminated, rather torose, glabrous. T? . r ^. S. Native of the 

 West Indies, among bushes. Flowers bluish-purple. Style 

 spatulate at the apex. Stigma ciliately bearded. 



Someivhat-racemose-fiovfeTcd Dolichos. Shrub tw. 



7 D. UNDULA'TUS (Sesse et Moc. in herb. Lamb.) plant pubes- 

 cent ; leaflets elliptic, acuminated, mucronate ; calyx and vexil- 

 lum clothed with rusty down ; vexillum a little shorter than the 

 keel ; lateral leaflets oblique ; peduncles shorter than the leaves ; 

 flowers large, racemose. If. ^. S. Native of Mexico. 



Wmed-iescved Dolichos. PL tw. 



8 D. TUBEROSUS (Lam. diet. 2. p. 296.) stem shrubby, twin- 

 ing ; root tuberous ; leaflets roundish, acuminated ; racemes 

 pedunculate, elongated ; legumes straight, pendulous, compres- 

 sed, torulose, clothed with rufous villi. (7 . '"'. S. Native of 

 Martinique. Plum. ed. Burm. t. 220. Both the root and the 

 seeds are eaten when dressed by the inhabitants of Martinico. 



'1 \tbcrous- rooted Dolichos. Shrub tw. 



9 D. HIRSU^TUS (Thunb. in Lin. trans. 2. p. 339.) stems twin- 

 ing, tomentose ; leaflets broad, ovate, acute, villous on both sur- 

 faces, lateral ones somewhat 2-lobed ; racemes very long ; le- 

 gume hairy, ending in a hooked mucrone. I/ . ""X G. Native 

 of Japan. Banks, icon. Kcempf. t. 41. Root thick, creeping. 

 Flowers purple. 



Hairy Dolichos. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1802. PI. tw. 



10 D. PUBE'SCENS (Lin. spec. 1021.) stems twining, and are, 

 as well as the leaves, clothed with soft hairs ; flowers axillary, 

 1-3-together, almost sessile ; legumes compressed, linear-lan- 

 ceolate, pubescent, erect, but at length drooping. Q. *"*. S. 

 Native of South America. Glycine tomentosa ft, Willd. spec. 3. 

 p. 1061. ex enum. 2. p. 754. Flowers cream-coloured. 



Pubescent Dolichos. PL tw. 



1 1 D. SESSE'I ; plant clothed with soft, woolly, canescent pu- 

 bescence; leaflets ovate, acuminated, entire; calycine segments 

 lanceolate ; vexillum villous, shorter than the keel ; flowers dis- 

 posed in elongated racemes, which are 5 or 6 times longer than 

 the leaves, l^. 1 " 1 . S. Native of Mexico. Flowers red, secund. 

 (v. s. in herb. Lamb.) 



Sesse's Dolichos. PL tw. 



12 D. PILOSUS (Klein, in Willd. spec. 3. p. 1043.) stem twin- 

 ing, with a few adpressed hairs ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, sca- 

 brous above, and pubescent beneath ; racemes 3-6-flowered ; 

 legumes linear, clothed with rusty pili, hooked at the apex. 1 . 1 

 *"*. S. Native of the East Indies. Racemes an inch or 1^ inch 

 long. Flowers purple. 



Pilose Dolichos. Fl. July. Clt. 1790. PL tw. 



13 D. TETRASPE'RMUS (Willd. spec. 3. p. 1044.) stem twining; 

 leaflets rhomboid, mucronate, glabrous ; racemes longer than the 



