AMYGDALACE^:. V. CERASUS. 



513 



the weather will permit ; for he finds alternate ventillation by 

 day and confinement by night to be very injurious. He opens 

 his back lights in any kind of weather close to the trees. In 

 frosty weather he increases his fires, to enable him to give con- 

 stant air without actually allowing the temperature to fall to 32. 

 In this manner he proceeds very slowly until the blossoms are all 

 set. He subsequently raises the temperature to 65, and after- 

 wards gradually to 70, increasing the moisture of the atmos- 

 phere at the same time, and always taking care to keep the ven- 

 tillation as abundant as he possibly can. By which means he 

 finds the crop certain and abundant without the use of any kind 

 of bottom heat, as tan leaves, &c. 



Forcing by a temporary structure. Torborn observes, that 

 " where a portion of wall (especially with a southern aspect) 

 already well furnished with may-dukes perfectly established, and 

 in a bearing state, can be spared for forcing, a temporary glass 

 case may be put up against it ; the flue may be built on the sur- 

 face of the border without digging or sinking for a foundation ; 

 neither will any upright or front wall be requisite, the wooden 

 plate on which the lower end of the rafters are to rest may be 

 supported by piles sunk or driven into the soil of the border, 

 one pile under every or every alternate rafter. The place be- 

 tween the surface and the soil should be filled by boards nailed 

 against the piles to exclude the external air, for the plate must 

 be elevated above the level of the surface from 18 to 30 inches, 

 or whatever height may be sufficient to let the sashes slip down, 

 in order to admit fresh air. I believe this to be an uncommon 

 structure, and it may perhaps be objected to ; but I am con- 

 fident it will suit well for cherries, for I have constructed such 

 places even for forcing peaches with good success, as well as for 

 maturing and preserving a late crop of grapes." Hort. trans. 

 4. p. 117. 



6 C. SEMPERFLORENS (D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 481. Lois, in Duham. 

 ed. nov. p. 30. no. 18. t. 5. f. A.) branches drooping ; leaves 

 ovate, serrated ; flowers late, axillary, solitary ; calyxes ser- 

 rated ; fruit globose, red. Pj . H. Native country unknown. 

 Prunus semperflorens, Ehrh. beitr. 7. p. 132. Primus serotina, 

 Roth. cat. 1. p. 58. Flowers white. This is the All-saints or 

 weeping-cherry, the cerise de la toussaint, cerise tardiae, cerise lie 

 Saint Martin, and Guignier a rameaux pendans of the French. 

 The fruit is small, round, red, watery, but it is of little value. 



Far. ft, sessiliflora (Ser. mss. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 537.) This 

 is a monstrosity, bearing earlier sessile flowers, and foliaceous 

 styles. 



Ever-flowering Weeping or All Saints' Cherry. Fl. May. 

 Tree 10 to 20 feet. 



7 C. CHAMJECE'RASUS (Lois, in Duham. ed. nov. 5. p. 29. t. 5. 

 f. A.) flowers umbellate ; umbels usually sessile ; peduncles 

 longer than the leaves when in fruit; fruit round, reddish 

 purple, very acid ; leaves obovate, shining, crenated, blunt- 

 ish, quite glabrous, rather coriaceous, hardly glandular, tj . H. 

 Native of Siberia and Germany. C. intermedia, Lois. 1. c. p. 

 30. Prunus intermedia, Poir. diet. 5. p. 674. Prunus fruti- 

 cosa, Pall. fl. ross. 1. p. 19. t. 8. B. Chamaecerasus fruticosa, 

 Pers. ench. 2. p. 34. Lower serratures of leaves glandular. 

 Flowers white. 



Ground-cherry or Siberian-cherry. Fl. May. Clt. 1597. 

 Tree 2 to 4 feet. 



8 C. PERSICIFOLIA (Lois. 1. c. p. 9.) flowers umbellate, nume- 

 rous ; peduncles rather capillary ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acu- 

 minated, unequally-serrulated ; petioles biglandular. Tj . H. 

 Native of North America ? Prunus persicifolia, Desf. arbr. 2. 

 p. 205. This kind of cherry was raised from seeds sent by 

 Michaux from North America. 



Peach-leaved Cherry. Fl. May. Tree 8 to 10 feet. 



9 C. PU'DDUM (Roxb. Wall. pi. rar. asiat. 2. p. 37. t. 143.) 



VOL. II. 



leaves ovate, lanceolate, acuminated, sharply serrulated ; flowers 

 umbellate ; umbels on short peduncles ; bracteas ciliated ; calyx 

 tubular, length of the peduncle; limb of calyx reflexed ; fruit 

 roundish, red. Jj . H. Native of Nipaul, between Hurdwar 

 and Sirinaghur. Flowers rose-coloured. The wood is reckoned 

 very useful in Nipaul. The fruit is like that of a common 

 cherry ; it is refreshing, but not very sweet. The tree is found 

 in the south of Hindostan, Nipaul, Kamaon, Deyra, Sirmore, 

 and elsewhere in great abundance. Puddum is the vernacular 

 name of the tree. 



Puddum Cherry. Fl. Oct. Nov. Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



10 C. PU'MILA (Michx. fl. bor. arner. 2. p. 286.) striated; 

 branches twiggy ; flowers subumbellate, pedunculate ; calyx 

 short, campanulate ; leaves obovate-oblong, erect, glaucous be- 

 neath, glabrous, hardly serrulated ; fruit ovate, red. fj . H. 

 Native of Canada. Lois, in Duham. ed. nov. 5. p. 31. Prunus 

 pumila, Lin. mant. 73. Mill. fig. t. 89. f. 2. Cerasus glauca, 

 Moench. meth. 672. Stature of Amygdalus nana. In Canada 

 it is commonly called Ragouminier. Flowers white. Fruit red? 

 acid. 



Dwarf Canadian-cherry. Fl. May. Clt. 1756. Sh. 3 to 4 ft. 



11C. PYGMJEA (Lois, in Duham. ed. nov. 5. p. 32. no. 21.) 

 unarmed ; umbels sessile, few-flowered ; leaves ovate-elliptic, 

 acutish, glabrous on both surfaces, tapering to the base, sharply 

 serrated, bearing 2 glands at the base ; fruit black, hardly suc- 

 culent, about the size of a large pea. 17 . H. Native of North 

 America. Prunus pygmse'a, Willd. spec. 2. p. 993. Flowers 

 white, size of those of Prunus spinttsa. 



Pigmy Cherry. Fl. May. Clt. 1823. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 



12 C. NIORA (Lois. 1. c. p. 32. no. 22.) unarmed ; umbels ses- 

 sile, few-flowered; lobes of calyx obtuse ; leaves ovate, acumi- 

 nated ; petioles biglandular. fj . H. Native of Canada, and 

 from Fort William in lat. 48 deg. to the Saskatchawan, Lake 

 Huron, and Newfoundland. Sims, bot. mag. 1117. Prunus 

 nigra, Ait. hort. kevv. ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 165. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 

 198. Calyx purple, with obtuse segments, having glandular 

 margins. 



Black Canadian-cherry. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1773. Shrub. 



13 C. BOREA'LIS (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 286. Lois. 1. c. 

 5. p. 32. no. 23.) flowers sub-corymbous ; pedicels longish ; 

 leaves oval-oblong, acuminated, membranous, glabrous, erosely 

 denticulated ; fruit small, egg-shaped, red, with sweet flesh. 



fj . H. Native of North America, on the high mountains of 

 New England. Prunus borealis, Poir. diet. 5. p. 674. Leaves 

 like those of the common almond, with the serratures indexed, 

 and tipped by glands at the apex. 



Northern Cherry or Choke-cherry. Fl. May. Clt. 1822. Sh. 



14 C. GLANDui.6sA(Lois. in Duham. ed. nov. 5. p. 33. no. 26.) 

 flowers solitary ; peduncles pendulous ; leaves oblong, acute, 

 with glandular serratures, glabrous, of the same colour on both 

 surfaces ; branches unarmed. Jj . H. Native of Japan. Prunus 

 glandulosa, Thunb. fl. jap. 203. Corolla flesh-coloured. 



Glandular-]eavedi Cherry. Shrub 5 to 8 feet. 



15 C. A'SPERA (Lois. 1. c. 5. p. 33. no. 24.) branches dot- 

 ted ; flowers solitary, terminal, pedunculate ; leaves ovate, acu- 

 minated, serrated, scabrous on both surfaces. Tj . H. Native of 

 Japan. Prunus aspera, Thunb. fl. jap. 201. Poir. diet. 5. p. 

 675. Drupe the size of pepper, blue, glabrous, edible, contain- 

 ing a hard acutish stone. The upper surface of the leaf is so 

 hard that it is used for polishing in Japan. 



Rough-\ea.ved Cherry. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 



16 C. INCISA (Lois. 1. c. 5. p. 33. no. 27.) branches unarmed; 

 flowers solitary ; peduncles capillary, twice the length of the 

 leaves ; leaves ovate, deeply serrated, villous ; calyx cylindrical, 

 ferruginous. Tj . H. Native of Japan. Prunus incisa, Thunb. 

 fl. jap. 202. Petals rose-coloured. 



3U 



