526 



ROSACES. II. GEUM. 



Virginian Avens. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1739. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



7 G. A'LBUM (Gmel. syst. nat. 2. p. 861. Willd. enum. 556.) 

 radical leaves pinnate, cauline ones ternate, uppermost cauline 

 ones simple, and somewhat trifid ; petals about equal in length 

 to the calyx ; styles glabrous, with pilose appendages. Tf. . H. 

 Native of Canada and Pennsylvania. G. Canadense, Jacq. hort. 

 vind. 2. t. 175. ex Willd. 1. c. Flowers small, white. 



JfAi'te-flowered Avens. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1730. PI. 1 to 

 Ufoot. 



8 G. PORTENSCHLAGIA'NUM (Tratt. ros. 3. p. 116.) stem 

 terete, pubescent ; branches straight, dicliotomous ; radical 

 leaves pinnate, middle cauline ones dilately 3-lobed, but the up- 

 per cauline ones are lanceolate and coarsely toothed, pubescent; 

 peduncles elongated, erect ; petals about equal to the calyx ; 

 ovaries hispid; awns of carpels glabrous, glochidate at the apex. 

 I/ . H. Native country unknown. According to Trattineck it 

 is allied to G. album. Flowers smaller than those of G. urbanum. 



Portenschlag's Avens. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1820. PI. 1| ft. 



9 G. RUBIFOLIUM (Lejeune, rev. fl. spa. 103.) flowers erect; 

 petals length of the calyx ; radical leaves lyrately pinnate ; leaf- 

 lets of upper leaves cuneiform, acute, auricled at the base ; awns 

 of carpels at first geniculately twisted, but at length hooked. 

 If., H. Native about Spa. Flowers yellow. 



Bramble-leaved Avens. PI. 1^ foot. 



10 G. XJRBA'NUM (Lin. spec. 716.) stem erect, branched, 

 pilose ; radical leaves pinnate, with 5 leaflets, cauline leaves ter- 

 nate, 3-lobed or 3-parted ; leaflets ovate, broad, dentately cre- 

 nate; upper cauline leaves ovate, 1-lobed ; stipulas large, nearly 

 orbicular ; petals obovate, length of the calyx ; heads of carpels 

 spherical ; ovaries pilose, numerous ; styles glabrous, with pilose 

 appendages. I/.. fl. Native of Europe, in woods and hedges ; 

 plentiful in all parts of Britain. Smith, engl. bot. 1400. Sturm, 

 deutsch. fl. fasc. 5. Woodv.med. bot. 5. p. 33. t. 4. A. Fl. dan. 

 672. Flowers erect, small, yellow. The roots have a mildly 

 astringent aromatic taste, somewhat like cloves, whence this plant 

 has the name of Caryophyllata. They have much more virtue 

 in a dry warm situation. Gathered in the spring, and put fresh 

 into ale, they give it a pleasant flavour, and prevent its turning 

 sour. Infused in wine it is esteemed a good stomachic. 



Var. ft, opulifblium (Ser. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 551.) cauline 

 leaves usually 3-lobed at the apex, small, toothed ; stipulas 

 ovate-orbicular. Native about Bern and Geneva. 



City or Common Avens or Herb Bennet. Fl. May, Aug. 

 Britain. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



11 G. COCCI'NEUM (Smith, fl. grace, t. 485.) leaves lyrately 

 pinnate ; lower leaflets small, terminal one very large, roundish, 

 cordate, all deeply crenated ; cauline leaves 3-lobed, cut ; sti- 

 pulas deeply toothed ; flowers panicled, erect ; plant villous or 

 pilose. If.. H. Native of Bithynia, on Mount Olympus. 

 Flowers large, scarlet. 



Scar to-flowered Avens. PI. -J to 1 foot. 



12 G. CHILOE'NSE (Balb. in litt. Loud. hort. brit. p. 214.) 

 plant villous ; stem glandular ; radical leaves interruptedly pin- 

 nate ; leaflets crenate-serrated, the terminal one large, roundish, 

 cordate, lobed, and crenated ; cauline leaves 3-parted, deeply 

 cut ; stipulas large, roundish, toothed ; flowers panicled, erect. 

 If.. H. Native of Chiloe. G. coccineum, Lindl. bot. reg. 1088. 

 G. Quellyon, Sweet, fl. gard. 2. ser. vol. 2. with a figure. 

 Flowers scarlet, sometimes copper-coloured. 



Chihe Avens. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1826. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



13 G. HEDERSFOLIUM (Gmel. fl. bad. 2. p. 460.) leaves sim- 

 ple, somewhat 3-lobed, clothed with pilose tomentum ; stem 

 erect; carpels pilose, with feathery awns. Tf.. H. Native 

 country unknown. Caryophyllata foliis hederae terrestris. Bauh. 

 pin. 322. Perhaps a variety of G. urbanum. 



Ivy-leaved Avens. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 

 8 



14 G. ELA'TUM (Wall. cat. 711.) stem erect, pubescent ; 1-2- 

 flowered ; leaves interruptedly pinnate ; leaflets obtuse, crenately 

 lobed, outer ones the largest, rather hairy and ciliated ; cauline 

 leaves pinnatifid ; flowers large, erect ; stipulas large, deeply 

 lobed. !<. . H. Native of the Himalaya. 



Tall Avens. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



15 G. RANUNCULOIDES (Ser. inmem. soc.phys. gen. 2. p. 138.) 

 stem erect, branched ; radical leaves interruptedly pinnate ; leaflets 

 bifid, dentate ; cauline leaves somewhat interruptedly pinnate, 

 or palmate ; leaflets obovate-cuneated, toothed ; stipulas ovate, 

 large, lobed, or coarsely serrated ; peduncles very long, filiform ; 

 petals roundish, nearly twice the length of the calyx ; heads of 

 carpels spherical ; carpels numerous, pilose ; styles glabrous, 

 with the appendages ascending and glabrous, nearly the length 

 of the styles. If. . H. Native country unknown. G. hetero- 

 phyllum, Hortul. but not of Desf. Flowers golden yellow, 

 about the size of those of Ranunculus acris. 



Cronfoot-like Avens. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. PI. 1 foot. 



SECT. II. CARYOPHYLLA'TA (the same as last section). Ser. 

 in mem. soc. gen. 2. p. 139. D. C. prod. 2. p. 551. Cariophyl- 

 lata, Tourn. inst. t. 151. Flowers erect or drooping. Calyxes 

 erect. Styles deflexed, jointed, with the appendages about equal 

 in length to the style. 



16 G. RIVA'LE (Lin. spec. 717.) plant pilose; stems erect, 

 simple, 1-4-flowered ; leaves interruptedly and lyrately pinnate; 

 leaflets obovate, biserrate ; cauline leaves 3-lobed ; lobes acute ; 

 stipulas ovate, toothed ; peduncles pilose, elongated ; flowers 

 nodding ; petals obcordate, on long claws, length of calyx ; 

 heads of carpels spherical, at length stipitate ; ovaries very 

 pilose; styles elongated, bent, pilose. y.. H. Native of 

 Europe, Siberia, and North America, in moist pastures and 

 woods, indicating, according to Linnaeus, a barren soil, not fit 

 for corn ; plentiful in many parts of Britain. Smith, engl. 

 bot. 106. Sturm, deutschl. fl. fasc. 8. with a figure. Oed. 

 fl. dan. 722. Caryophyllata nutans, Mcench. meth. 661. G. 

 nutans, Rafin. in litt. Flowers nodding, of a coppery red colour. 

 The powder is beneficial in diarrhoeas and haemorrhages, and is 

 much used by the Canadians in tertian agues. 



Var. ft, intermedium (Ser. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 551.) plant 

 less pilose ; lobes of upper leaves narrower ; peduncles slen- 

 derer. l/.H. Native about Berlin, in groves. G. interme- 

 dium, Willd. hort. berl. t. 69. Tratt. ros. 3. p. 122. 



Var. y, proliferum (Ser. 1. c.) flowers semi-double ; segments 

 of the calyx tridentate ; carpels transformed into leaves. 



River or Water Avens. Fl. June, Jul. Britain. PI. 1 foot. 



17 G. HY'BRIDUM (Jacq. pi. rar. t. 94.) pilose; stems few- 

 flowered ; radical leaves interruptedly pinnate ; terminal leaflets 

 broad, rounded, and cordate, lobed and serrated ; cauline leaves 

 3-lobed; lobes rounded; stipulas large, lobed; flowers erect; 

 petals obcordate ; carpels pilose, with hooked, pilose awns. Tf. . H. 

 Native of Europe, in woods. G. rivale, var. p, luxurians, Tratt. 

 ros. 3. p. 121. Flowers erect, reddish. 



Hybrid Avens. Fl. June, July. Clt. ? PI. 1 foot. 



18 G. PYRENA'ICUM (Ram. bull. phil. no. 42. t. 10. f. 3.) 

 plant pilose; stems erect, simple, 1-4-flowered; leaves inter- 

 ruptedly pinnate ; lower leaflets ovate, dentate, small, terminal 

 one large, cordate-reniform, biserrate ; stipulas ovate, bluntly 

 toothed ; flowers nodding ; petals roundish, obcordate, on short 

 claws, longer than the calyx ; heads of carpels spherical, de- 

 pressed ; styles deflexed, stiff) length of carpels ; carpels very 

 pilose, with the appendages also pilose. If.. H. Native of the 

 Pyrenees. D. C. fl. fr. 4. no. 3765. G. Tournefortii, Lapeyr. 

 abreg. p. 292. G. inclinatum, Schleich. cat. 1815. Flowers 

 yellow. 



