ROSACES. XII. POTENTILLA. XIII. TORMENTILLA. 



561 



England in mountainous thickets, but rare; about Greta-Bridge, 

 Mickleforce, Egglestone Abbey, and several other places in 

 Teesdale. Smith, engl. bot. t. 88. Nestl. pot. 30. t. 1. P. 

 prostrata, Lapeyr. abr. p. 67. Upper leaves sessile, ternate. 

 Leaves glabrous above, but when young beset with incumbent 

 pili beneath, and canescent. Flowers yellow. 



Shrubby Cinquefoil. Fl. Ju. Aug. England. Sh. 2 to 4 feet. 



153 P. FLORIBU'NDA (Poir. suppl. 4. p. 54. Pursh, fl. amer. 

 sept. 1. p. 355.) shrubby ; leaves pinnate, pilose, grey ; leaflets 

 lanceolate, quite entire ; flowers corymbose ; stipulas lanceolate, 

 scarious ; petals obovate-roundish, longer than the calyx, fy . 

 H. Native of North America, throughout Canada from Lake 

 Huron to the plains of the Saskatchawan and Bear Lake rivers 

 under the Arctic circle, and from Newfoundland to the valleys 

 of the Rocky Mountains on both sides, Kotzebue's Sound, and 

 Behring's Straits. Wats. dend. brit. 70. P. fruticosa /3, Nestl. 

 pot. p. 30. P. tenuifolia, Schlecht. in berol. mag. ann. 7. p. 

 285. Upper leaves ternate, sessile ? Flowers yellow. 



Bundle-homered Cinquefoil. Fl. June, Oct. Clt. 1811. Sh. 

 2 to 4 feet. 



154 P. PARVIFOLIA (Fisch. in litt. Lehm. pug. 3. p. 6.) 

 shrubby, branched ; leaves ternate, pilose on both surfaces ; 

 lateral leaflets deeply bipartite, rarely bifid or entire, terminal 

 one tripartite, with the segments divaricate, linear, with revolute 

 margins ; stipulas lanceolate, acuminated, membranous, scarious, 

 pilose above, purplish ; flowers 2-3, terminal ; petals obovate- 

 cuneiform, entire, much longer than the calyx. ?j . H. Native 

 of the Soongarian desert. Flowers yellow. Receptacle woolly. 



Small-leaved Cinquefoil. Shrub 2 to 4 feet. 



155 P. DAHU'RICA (Nestl. pot. 31. t. 1.) shrubby, nearly gla- 

 brous ; lower branches horizontal, upper ones erect ; leaves im- 

 pari-pinnate, with 5 leaflets ; leaflets oblong, quite entire, with 

 revolute margins, superior ones confluent ; flowers in terminal 

 corymbose panicles ; stipulas connate in one, pilose, scarious ; 

 outer calycine segments oval, inner ones the largest, ovate, and 

 coloured ; petals obovate, entire, longer than the calyx. Tj . H. 

 Native of Dahuria, near Nertschinsk. P. fruticosa ft, Lehm. 

 pot. 32. P. glabra, Lodd. bot. cab. t. 914. Led. fl. ross. alt. 

 ill. t. 173. Flowers white. 



Dahurian Cinquefoil. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1818. Shrub 2 

 to 4 feet. 



156 P. SALESOVII (Poir. suppl. 4. p. 538. Lehm. pot. p. 35. 

 t. 1.) shrubby ; leaves pinnate, with 3-4 pairs of oblong sharply 

 serrated leaflets, clothed with white tomentum beneath ; stipulas 

 ovate, acuminated, entire ; flowers crowded at the tops of the 

 branches ; petals obovate, entire, longer than the calyx ; outer 

 calycine segments narrow. T? . H. Native of Siberia. Corolla 

 white. 



Salesove's Cinquefoil. Fl, June.Jul. Clt. 1823. Sh. 1 to 2 ft. 



157 P. ARBU'SCULA (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 256. Wall. pi. 

 asiat. rar. 3. t. 228.) shrubby, much branched; leaves pinnate; 

 leaflets 5, oval, obtuse, villous above, and naked beneath, when 

 young silky on both surfaces ; peduncles elongated, 1-flowered, 

 terminal, solitary, villous ; stipulas brown, lanceolate, obtuse, 

 membranous ; calycine segments dissimilar, outer ones round- 

 ish, obtuse, deeply bipartite ; petals orbicular, entire, longer than 

 the calyx. Tj . H. Native of Gosaingsthan. P. Nepalensis, 

 D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 229. but not of Hook. Stems rooting. 

 Flowers yellow. 



Little-tree Cinquefoil. Shrub creeping. 



158 P. RI'GIDA (Wall. cat. 1009. Lehm. pug. 3. p. 3.) shrubby, 

 much branched ; leaves ternate ; leaflets oblong, entire, silky 

 above, and glabrous beneath, with revolute margins ; flowers 

 terminal, usually solitary ; stipulas broad, lanceolate, entire, 

 membranous, sheathing ; outer calycine segments usually deeply 

 bipartite ; petals orbicular, deeply emarginate, twice the length 



VOL. II. 



of the calyx. Ij . H. Native of Gosaingsthan and Kamaon. 

 Flowers yellow. 



Stiff Cinquefoil. Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 



159 P. LIGNOSA (Willd. herb, ex Spreng. syst. append, p. 

 3 14.) shrubby ; branches twisted, compressed ; leaves quinately 

 digitate; leaflets cuncated, truncate, 3-toothed at the apex ; pe- 

 duncles solitary. Ij . H. Native of Hyrcania. 



// oody Cinquefoil. Shrul). 



f Species not sufficiently known. 



160 P. LAGASCA'NA (Ser. in D. C. prod. 2. p. 586.) tomen- 

 tose ; leaves quinately pinnate ; leaflets cuneiform, cut ; floral 

 ones ternate, with the leaflets sessile and trifid ; petals equal in 

 length to the calyx ; receptacle hairy. 1 . H. Native country 

 unknown. P. incisa, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 16. but not of Desf. 



Lagasca's Cinquefoil. PI. ^ foot. 



161 P. CORYMBOSA (Pour. act. toul. 3. p. 325.) stem shrubby, 

 ascending ; leaves quinate and ternate, villous. 17 . H. Native 

 country unknown. 



Con/m&twe-flowered Cinquefoil. Shrub. 



162 P. BITHY'NICA (Horn. hort. hafn. suppl. 55.) stem much 

 branched ; radical leaves quinate ; leaflets roundish-obovate ; 

 cauline leaves ternate; petals shorter than the calyx. Tj . H. 

 Native of Bithynia. 



Bithynian Cinquefoil. PI. -| foot. 



Cult. All the species of Potentilla are of easy cultivation, and 

 some of them are handsome when in flower. They will grow in 

 any common garden soil, and are easily increased by dividing 

 the plants, or by seed. The shrubby kinds are very proper for 

 the front of shrubberies, and they propagate freely by cuttings 

 planted in the autumn in a sheltered situation. 



XIII. TORMENTI'LLA (from tormentum, pain; in reference 

 to its supposed efficacy in tooth ache, as well as from being sup- 

 posed to cure diseases of the bowels). Lin. gen. no. 256. Smith, 

 engl. fl. 2. p. 423. 



LIN. SYST. Icosdndria, Polygynia. Calyx 8-parted, the 4 

 outer segments accessory and narrowest. Petals 4, inversely 

 heart-shaped. Stamens 16 or more, not half so long as the 

 corolla. Styles lateral, deciduous. Carpels or akenia seated on 

 a small depressed hairy receptacle. Herbaceous plants, with 

 weak terete stems, digitate leaves, and solitary lateral pedicels, 

 bearing small yellow flowers. 



1 T. ERE'CTA (Lin. spec. 716.) stem ascending, branched, 

 dichotomous ; leaves ternate ; cauline ones sessile ; leaflets ob- 

 long, acute, deeply serrated ; stipulas cut ; pedicels solitary in 

 the forks of the stem, and lateral; petals obcordate. 11. H. 

 Native of Europe, in barren pastures, heaths, and bushy places ; 

 plentiful in Britain. Oed. fl. dan. 589. T. officinalis, Smith, fl. 

 brit. 552. engl. bot. t. 863. Curt. lond. fasc. 5. t. 35. PotentJlla 

 Tormentilla, Sibth. 162. Nestl. pot. 65. Potentilla tetrapetala, 

 Hall. jun. in Ser. mus. 1. p. 57. The flowers are sometimes to 

 be met with having 5 petals, and a double blossomed variety 

 was found by the late Miss Jones, of Hafod, in Cardiganshire. 

 The roots are so astringent as to be used in the Western Isles 

 of Scotland and in the Orkneys for tanning leather ; for which 

 purpose they are superior even to oak bark. They are at 

 first boiled in water, and the leather is then steeped in the cold 

 liquor. They are also used for dyeing a red colour. The root 

 has an austere styptic taste, with a slight kind of aromatic fla- 

 vour, and it is one of the most agreeable and efficacious of our 

 indigenous aromatic astringents, and may be employed with 

 good effect in all cases where medicines of this class are proper. 

 It is sometimes given in powder, but usually in decoction. 



Erect Tormentil. Fl. June, July. Britain. PI. ^ foot or pr. 



2 T. RE'PTANS (Lin. spec. 716.) stems procumbent, hardly 

 4C 



