598 



POMACE/E. I. CRATVEGUS. 



petals. Styles 5. Pome globose, 5-celled ; cells covered with 

 papery membranes, containing 2 bony, 1-seeded nuts each. 



I. CRATjE'GUS (from /cparoe, cratos, strength ; in reference 

 to the hardness and strength of the wood). Lindl. in I/in, trans. 

 13. p. 105. D. C. prod. 2. p. 626. CratieVus and Mespilus 

 species of other authors. 



LIN. SYST. Icosandria, Di-Pentagynia. Calyx with an ur- 

 ceolate tube and a 5-cleft limb. Petals orbicular, spreading. 

 Ovarium 2-5-celled. Styles 2-5, glabrous. Pome fleshy, ovate, 

 closed by the calycine teeth or the thickened disk, containing a 

 bony putamen. Thorny shrubs or trees, with angular or toothed 

 leaves and terminal corymbs of usually white flowers. Bracteas 

 subulate, deciduous. 



1. Leaves toothed or nearly entire, never angularly lobed. 



1 C. PYRACA'NTHA (Pers. ench. 2. p. 37.) leaves glabrous, 

 evergreen, ovate-lanceolate; lobes of calyx blunt; styles 5. 

 J? . H. Native of the south of Europe, in uncultivated places 

 and in hedges. Mespilus pyraciintha, Lin. spec. 685. Pall. fl. 

 ross. 1. p. 29. t. 13. f. 2. Duham. arb. 2. t. 20. no. 2. Lob. 

 icon. 2. p. 182. f. 1. Flowers white. Fruit about the size of 

 a pea, disposed in cymes, of a beautiful scarlet colour, remain- 

 ing on the tree nearly all the winter, whence it is called 

 Buisson ardent by the French, as also its Greek name Pyracantha, 

 which signifies frc-thorn. The shrub being evergreen is well 

 adapted for planting against walls or houses, where the green 

 leaves and red fruit have a fine appearance all the winter. 



Pyracantha or Evergreen Thorn. Fl. May. Clt. 1629. Sh. 

 10 to 20 feet. 



2 C. CRENULA'TA (Roxb. mss. Lindl. in Lin. trans. 13. p. 106.) 

 leaves ovate-oblong, crenulated, glabrous, shining, retuse at the 

 apex and mucronulate ; peduncles lateral, aggregate, elongated, 

 1 or many-flowered; styles 5. Jj . H. Native of Nipaul. 

 Mespilus cremilata, D. Don, prod. p. 238. Allied to C. pyra- 

 cunlha. Styles glabrous. Fruit 5-celled, 5-seeded. Leaves 

 probably permanent. 



Crenulated Evergreen Thorn. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1822. Tr. 



3 C. CRU'S-GA'LLI (Lin. spec. 632.) leaves obovate-cuneiform, 

 nearly sessile, shining, glabrous, falling off late in the autumn ; 

 lobes of calyx lanceolate, subserrated ; styles 2. >j . H. Na- 

 tive of North America. Wats. dend. brit. t. 56. Mespilus 

 crus-giilli, Poir. diet. 4. p. 441. Hort. angl. t. 13. Mill. fig. 

 178. f. 2. C. lucida, Wangh. amer. t. 17. f. 42. Mespilus lu- 

 cida, Ehrh. Flowers white tinged with red ; anthers red. Fruit 

 scarlet, eatable. Stipulas linear. Spines very long. 



Var. a, splendent (D. C. prod. 2. p. 626.) leaves obovate-cu- 

 neiform. Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 170. Pluk. aim. t. 46. f. 1. 



Var. J3, pyracanthijblia; leaves oblong-lanceolate, somewhat 

 cuneiform. Ait. 1. c. Mespilus lucida, Dum. Cours. bot. cult, 

 ed. 2. vol. 5. p. 448. 



Var. y, salicij blla (D. C. prod. 1. c.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 rather cuneiform. Ait. 1. c. 



Var. I, linearis (D. C. prod. 2. p. 626.) leaves linear-lanceo- 

 late ; spines few, shortish. T? . H. Mespilus linearis, Desf. 

 arbr. 2. p. 156. Poir. suppl. 4. p. 70. Styles 1-2. Fruit 

 yellow ? ' 



Var. e, nana (D. C. prod. 2. p. 626.) leaves oval-lanceolate, 

 paler beneath. Tj . H. Mespilus nana, Dum. Cours. suppl. p. 386. 

 Branches rather tomentose. Perhaps this is a proper species. 



Cockspur Thorn. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1691. Tr. 10 to 30 ft. 



4 C. suusrmosA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 626.) leaves oval, ovate, 

 or obovate, crenate-toothed, glabrous, coriaceous, on short pe- 

 tioles ; racemes ovate, terminal ; calyx glabrous, with the lobes 

 acute. Jj.H. Native of Chili. Mespilus subspinosa, herb. 



Vent. Branches unarmed, obviously so in the specimen ex- 

 amined. Fruit one half the size of a pea, nearly dry. 

 Subspinose Hawthorn. Tree. 



5 C. PUNCTA'TA (Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 169.) leaves obovate- 

 cuneiform, glabrous, serrated ; calyxes rather villous, with the 

 lobes subulate and entire. T?. H. Native of North America. 

 Jacq. hort. vind. 1 . and 28. Wats. dend. brit. t. 57. Mespilus cu- 

 neifolia, Ehrh. beit. 3. t. 21. Flowers white. There are varieties 

 of this species with either yellow or red fruit, which are usually 

 dotted. The Indians of the west coast of America make wedges 

 of the wood for splitting trees. 



Z>o/-fruited Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1746. Tr. 

 15 to 20 feet. 



6 C. ELLI'PTICA (Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 168.) leaves elliptic, 

 unequally serrated, glabrous ; petioles and calyxes glandular ; 

 pome globose, 5-seeded. Jj . H. Native of North America. 

 Flowers white. Fruit red. 



Elliptic leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1765. Tr. 

 15 to 20 feet. 



7 C. PRUNIFOLIA (Bosc. ined. D. C. prod. 2. p. 627.) leaves 

 broad-ovate, unequally serrated, glabrous ; petioles rather glan- 

 dular ; lobes of calyx glandularly serrated ; peduncles and ca- 

 lyxes rather villous. Tj . H. Native of North America. 

 Mespilus prunif olia, Poir. diet. 4. p. 443. Flowers white. Fruit 

 2-seeded. 



Plum-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1818. Tree 

 15 to 20 feet. 



8 C. PRUNELUFOLIA (Bosc, ined. ex D. C. prod. 2. p. 627.) 

 leaves oval-elliptic, attenuated at both ends, serrated, glabrous ; 

 branches rather villous. Tj . H. Native country as well as 

 flowers unknown. Habit referrible to Prunus spinosa. 



Prunella-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Tree. 



9 C. LATIFOLIA (Pers. ench. 2. p. 37.) leaves obovate, un- 

 equally serrated, rather plicate, and rather villous on the nerves 

 beneath ; stipulas and lobes of calyx linear and slightly toothed ; 

 corymbs villous. Tj . H. Native of North America. Fruit 

 oval, red. 



Broad-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1820. Tr. 20 ft. 



10 C. PARVIFOLIA (Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 169.) leaves obovate- 

 cuneiform, deeply serrated, pubescent ; flowers usually solitary ; 

 branches and calyxes villous ; stipulas setaceous ; lobes of calyx 

 serrated; fruit rather turbinate, 5-seeded. T? . H. Native of 

 North America. Wats, dendr. brit. 65. Mespilus axilliiris, 

 Pers. 1. c. Mespilus tomentosa, Poir. 1. c. Mespilus xantho- 

 carpos, Lin. fil. suppl. 254. C. tomentosa, Lin. spec. 682. 

 Trew. ehrh. t. 17. Flowers small, white. Fruit yellow. 



Small-leaved or Gooseberry-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, 

 June. Clt. 1704. Shrub 6 feet. 



11 C. OVALIFOLIA (Horn. hort. hafn. suppl. p. 52.) leaves 

 oval, serrated, rather pilose on both surfaces, shining above ; 

 stipulas half cordate, deeply serrated, glandular. fj . H. Na- 

 tive of North America. Allied to C. crus-galli, according to 

 the author. 



Oval-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1810. Tree 

 10 to 20 feet. 



12 C. GLAU'CA (Wall. cat. 673.) leaves elliptic, tapering to 

 both ends, acute, serrulated at the apex, downy and glaucous 

 beneath, but glabrous above ; corymbs terminal, many-flowered ; 

 calyx woolly. T? . H. Native of Nipaul and Kamaon. Flowers 

 white. 



Glaucous Hawthorn. Tree 20 feet. 



13 C. FLEXUOSA (Poir. suppl. 4. p. 73.) leaves obovate, sharply 

 toothed, pubescent on both surfaces ; corymbs small, tomentose ; 

 branches flexuous. Jj . H. Native of Carolina. Fruit of a 

 reddish yellow colour. Spines very long, blackish. 



Flexuous Hawthorn. Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 



