(>00 



POMACE/E. I. CKAT.EGUS. 



veins beneath ; peduncles and calyxes pubescent ; lobes of calyx 

 rounded. Tj . H. Native of Hungary. Flowers white, pen- 

 tagynous. Allied to C. oxycdntliu. 



Pentagynous Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1820. Tree 

 10 to 20 feet. 



33 C. FLA'VA (Ait. hort. kevv. 2. p. 169.) leaves obovate- 

 cuneiform, somewhat lobate, crenate-serrated ; petioles short ; 

 stipulas cordate, and are as well as the calyxes glandular ; 

 flowers usually solitary ; berries turbinate, 4-seeded. I; . 

 H. Native from Virginia to Carolina and the island of Or- 

 leans, in the St. Lawrence. Wats. dend. brit. t. 59. C. glan- 

 dulosa, Mich. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 2S8. C. Caroliniana, Poir. 

 diet. 4. p. -142. Mespilus Michaiixii, Pers. ench. 2. p. 38. 

 Petioles winged from the decurrent base of the leaves. Fruit 

 yellow, edible. 



retfow-fruited Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1724. Tr. 

 1 2 to 20 feet. 



34 C. FI'SSA (Bosc. ined. ex D. C. prod. 2. p. 628.) leaves 

 broadly ovate, deeply lobed, serrated, glabrous on both surfaces, 

 decurrent down the petioles, which are glandless. fj . H. Na- 

 tive country unknown. Mespilus f issa, Poir. suppl. 4. p. 72. 



Cleft-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1810. Tree 

 1 2 to 20 feet. 



35 C. MOROCCA NA (Pers. ench. 2. p. 37.) leaves cuneated, 3- 

 lobed and pinnatifid, glabrous and glandless ; stipulas subpal- 

 mately cut ; corymbs terminal, glabrous ; pedicels elongated ; 

 lobes of calyx blunt; flowers digynous. fj . H. Native of 

 Mauritania. Perhaps distinct from C. Maura. 



Morocco Hawthorn. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1822. Tr. 15 to20ft. 



36 C. oxYCA'NTHA(Lin. spec. 683.) leaves obovate-cuneiform, 

 trifid or pinnatifid, glabrous and shining ; flowers corymbose, mo- 

 nogynous, digynous and trigynous ; calyxes glandless, acute. 



H . H. Native of Europe, in thickets, hedges, copses, and in 

 high open fields ; plentiful in Britain. Fl. dan. 634. Jacq. 

 attstr. t. 292. f. 2. Mespilus oxycantha, Gsertn. fruct. 2. p. 24. 

 (. 87. Sorbus aculeata, Cord. hist. 176. Flowers white, 

 occasionally pink, sweet-scented. Fruit mealy, insipid, dark 

 red, occasionally yellow ; its cells as many as the styles. The 

 May or Common Hawthorn is a very variable plant. 



Tar. a, obtusata (D. C. prod. 2. p. 628.) leaves somewhat 

 obovate, 3-lobcd, serrated, the same colour on both surfaces ; 

 flowers with 1, 2, or 3 styles. Mespilus oxycantha integrifolia, 

 Wallr. sched. 219. C. oxyacanthoides, Thuill. fl. par. 245. 

 Lindl. bot. reg. 1128. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 433. C. oxyacantha, 

 Oed. fl. dan. 634. 



J'ar. ft, vulgaris (D. C. 1. c.) leaves ovate, cuneated at the 

 base, deeply trifid or pinnatifid, the same colour on both sur- 

 faces ; lobes acute, diverging, a little serrated ; flowers with 1- 

 2-3 styles. Mespilus oxyac&ntha of most authors. 



J'ar. y, laciniata (Wallr. sched. 219.). C. oxyacantha, D. C. 

 fl. fr. 4. p. 433. C. monogyna of most authors, Blackw. herb. 

 149. Bull. herb. t. 333. f. B. E. F. C. elegans, Poir. C. 

 rosea, Hort. Mespilus intermedia, Poir. C. laciniata, Besser. 



Tar. c, monoalyla (D. C. prod. 2. p. 628.) leaves obovate- 

 cuneiform, trifid or jagged, discoloured beneath, at length coria- 

 ceous ; flowers constantly monogynous ; stigma peltate. Mes- 

 pilus monogyna, Wallr. sched. 221. C. monogyna, Jacq. aust. 

 t. 229. f. 1, Mespilus apiifolia, Med. gesch. 82. C. Mespilus 

 oxycantha, Smith, engl. bot. 2504. Fl. dan. 1162. var. a, flore- 

 pleno. Flowers double white. 



The hawthorn is also called white thorn and may ; in 

 France Aubepine ; in Germany, hagedorn ; in Italy branco 

 splno. It is a native shrub of great importance, and is also 

 introduced into narrow plantations as an undergrowth. It 

 will not grow, however, under the drip of trees, and there- 

 fore, in a profitable point of view, is only to be considered 



as affording impenetrable, close, durable, and easily raised 

 fences, called quickset hedges, and it bears clipping to any 

 extent. The timber of such plants as grow singly and attain a 

 tolerable size, is valued by the millwright and turner, and the 

 roots by the cabinet maker. It is often spoiled, Sang observes, 

 through inattention after cutting ; if it be allowed to lie in entire 

 logs or trunks, it soon heats and becomes quite brittle and worth- 

 less ; it therefore ought to be cut up instantly into planks and 

 laid to dry. The thorn will not thrive in a wet soil, nor one 

 very hard and poor, much elevated or much shaded ; a free deep 

 loam in an airy situation suits it best. The seeds or haws of the 

 thorn do not vegetate until the second year after sowing, unless they 

 have been laid up in a heap mixed with earth immediately after 

 gathering, and turned several times, and sown in a bed the next 

 spring ; under such treatment many of them will vegetate the 

 same year. The plants should remain in the seed-bed for two 

 years, and afterwards planted out in nursery rows, where they 

 may remain for two or three years before they are planted for 

 hedges. The best quickset hedges are formed by planting them 

 in two rows, about a foot or a foot and a half apart. The hedges 

 two or three years after planting ought to be clipped once or 

 twice every year, in order to keep them in shape and thicken 

 them, and they should be kept perfectly clear of weeds, at least 

 for the few first years. 



Sharp-spined or Common Hawthorn, White-thorn, or May. 

 Fl.May, June. Britain. Shrub 10 to 20 feet. 



37 C. KYRTOSTYLA (Fing. in Schlecht. Linnaea. 4. p. 379. t, 

 3. f. 1.) thorny; leaves 3-lobed, toothed, glabrous on both sur- 

 faces or ciliated on the nerves beneath ; flowers corymbose, mo- 

 nogynous ; style deflexed ; calyx hairy, with the segments ob- 

 long, acuminated, spreading and obtuse at the apex ; fruit ob- 

 long, foveolate at the base, containing a 1 -seeded, ovate-oblong, 

 brownish nut, which is convex on the back, and 3-4-furrowed. 

 Jj . H. Native of Europe. 



Curved-styled Hawthorn. Fl. May. Tree 10 to 20 feet. 



38 C. MONOGYNA (Fing. in Schlecht. Linnaea. 2. p. 380. t. 3. 

 f. 2.) thorny ; leaves 3-parted, toothed, ciliated at the base on 

 the petioles and nerves beneath ; flowers corymbose, for the 

 most part monogynous ; style straight ; calyx glabrous, or a 

 little ciliated, with oblong, acuminated, reflexed, obtuse seg- 

 ments ; fruit globose, containing 1 or 2 oblong-ovate brown nuts, 

 with 2 furrows on the back of each. 17 . H. Native of Europe. 



Monogynous Hawthorn. Fl. May. Tree 10 to 20 feet. 



39 C. HETEROPHY'LLA (Flugg. ann. mus. 12. p. 423. t. 38.) 

 leaves glabrous, falling off very late in the season, cuneiform- 

 lanceolate, somewhat 3-lobed or pinnatifid at the apex ; lobes 

 subserrated, acute ; corymbs many-flowered, glabrous ; lobes of 

 calyx acuminated ; flowers monogynous. T? . H. Native pro- 

 bably of North America. Lindl. bot. reg. 1161. Flowers white. 



Variable-leaved Hawthorn. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1816. Tree 

 10 to 20 feet. 



40 C. AZARO'LIS (Lin. spec. 683.) leaves pubescent, cuneated 

 at the base, trifid; lobes obtuse, coarsely few-toothed ; branches, 

 corymbs, and calyxes pubescent ; lobes of calyx obtuse ; flowers 

 with 1-2-3 styles. Tj . H. Native of the south of France and 

 Italy. Andr. bot. rep. 579. Pyrus Azoralis, Scop. earn. no. 

 597. Mespilus Azarolis, All. pedem. 1809. J. Bauh. hist. 1. 

 p. 67. Flowers white, sweet-scented. Fruit globose, red, 

 usually 2-seeded ; hence the common name of the tree at Mont- 

 pelier Pommettes de doux closes. The fruit when fully ripe has 

 an agreeable taste, for which it is esteemed in Italy and the 

 Levant, where it is served up in the dessert. 



Azarule Hawthorn. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1640. Tr. 15 to 20 ft. 



41 C. OKIUNTA'LIS (Bosc. ined. ex D. C. prod. 2. p. 629.) 

 leaves 3-lobed, pubescent beneath ; lobes ovate, deeply toothed 

 at the apex, the middle one trifid ; stipulas broad, cut ; branches 



