POMACEyE. X. Pyaus. 



619 



nated ; flowers panicled ; fruit pear-shaped. ^ . H. Native 

 of Europe, in mountainous parts. In England in the moun- 

 tainous parts of Cornwall ; also in the moorlands of Stafford- 

 shire. P. Sorbus, Gaertn. fruct. 2. p. 45. t. 87. Sorbus do- 

 mestica, Lin. spec. 684. Crantz. stirp. fasc. 2. p. 48. t. 2. f. 3. 

 Jacq. fl. aust. t. 447. Flowers about the size of those of the 

 hawthorn, cream-coloured. Styles usually 5. The true service- 

 tree is of slow growth, and, according to Kroker, does not come 

 into bearing before it is 60 years old. The fruit is obovate, 

 about an inch in length, reddish spotted, extremely austere, 

 causing a most painful and durable irritation in the throat if 

 tasted in an unripe state ; but when mellowed by frost or keep- 

 ing, it becomes brown, soft, and eatable, resembling a medlar, 

 though to most people less agreeable. It is common in Italy, 

 and ripens at Genoa in September, where it is esteemed good in 

 dysentery and fluxes. The wood, which is very hard, is held 

 in repute for making mathematical rulers and excisemen's gaug- 

 ing sticks. In Italy they have many varieties obtained from 

 seeds ; but those generally known in this country are only three ; 

 the pear-shaped, the apple-shaped, and berry-shaped. The tree 

 is recommended by Forsyth and Abercrombie to be grown as a 

 standard at 20 or 30 feet distance, and to be pruned and other- 

 wise treated like the apple and pear. It may also be grafted in 

 the same manner on the same kind of stocks, or it may be pro- 

 pagated by seeds, cuttings, or layers, but the first mode is pre- 

 ferable. It is late in the autumn before the fruit can be 

 gathered; after it is collected wipe it dry, and lay it on dry 

 straw, spread on the open shelves of the fruit room, and in 

 about a month it will become mellow and fit for use. 



Domestic or True Service-tree. Fl. May. Britain. Tree 

 20 to 60 feet. 



47 P. LANUGINOSA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 637.) leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets serrated, clothed with cottony down beneath, as well as 

 the petioles and buds ; pomes globose. Tj . H. Native of Hun- 

 gary ? Sorbus lanuginosa, Kit. in litt. Flowers whitish. 



Woolly Service-tree. Fl. May. Tree 20 to 30 feet. 



48 P. SPU'RIA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 637.) leaves pinnate, of 3 

 pairs of leaflets, hairy beneath ; leaflets ovate, crenated, termi- 

 nal one the largest ; rachis glanduliferous above. J? . H. Na- 

 tive country unknown. Pyrus hybrida, Mcench. weiss. t. 6. ex 

 Willd. spec. 2. p. 1022. Sorbus spuria, Pers. ench. 2. p. 39. 

 Mespilus sorbif61ia, Poir. suppl. 4. p. 72. Flowers white. 

 Fruit red. This tree is perhaps a hybrid between P. aucu- 

 paria and P. arbutifolia. Styles 5. Probably referrible to the 

 following section. 



Spurious Service-tree. Fl. May. Clt. 1800. Tree 20 to 30 ft. 



SECT. VII. ADENORHA^CHIS (from aSrjv, aden, a gland, and 

 pa^te, rachis, the spine of the back ; in reference to the rachis of 

 the leaves bearing glands). D. C. prod. 2. p. 637. Petals spread- 

 ing, unguiculate, with the limbs concave. Styles 2-5. Pome 

 globose. Leaves simple, bearing glands along the rachis on the 

 upper side. Flowers corymbose. Peduncles branched. 



49 P. ARBUTIFOLIA (Lin. fil. suppl. 256.) leaves obovate-ob- 

 long, acute, crenate-serrate, downy beneath, as well as the 

 calyxes ; corymbs few-flowered, shorter than the leaves ; fruit 

 pear-shaped. J? . H. Native of North America, throughout 

 Canada from Lake Huron to the Saskatchawan, Newfoundland, 

 &c. Cratse'gus pyrifolia, Lam. diet. 1. p. 83. Aronia pyrifolia, 

 Pers. ench. 2. p. 39. Cratae'gus serratus, Poir. suppl. 1. p. 292. 

 Mespilus arbutifolia, Lin. spec. 685. Smith, arb. t. 86. Mes- 

 pilus arbutif61ia a erythrocarpa, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 

 292. Mill. fig. t. 109. Flowers white. Pome red. 



Far. /3, intermedia (Lindl. hort. trans. 7. p. 229.) fruit glo- 

 bose, brown. J? . H. 



VOL. II. 



J'ar. y, serotina (Lindl. 1. c.) leaves shining, velvety beneath ; 

 fruit late, party-coloured. Tj . H. 



Arbutus-leaved Pyrus. Fl. May. Clt. 1700. Sh. 4 to 6 ft. 



50 P. FLORIBU'NDA (Lindl. hort. trans. 7. p. 230.) branches 

 cinereous, reclinate ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, on long 

 petioles, tomentose beneath, as well as the calyxes ; fruit sphe- 

 rical ; corymbs many-flowered, longer than the leaves. >? . H. 

 Native of North America? Lindl. bot. reg. 1006. Flowers 

 white. Fruit black. 



Bundle-jlomered Pyrus. Fl. May, June. Shrub. 



51 P. DEPRE'SSA (Lindl. 1. c. p. 230.) stems humble, recli- 

 nate ; leaves oblong, obtuse, tomentose beneath, as well as the 

 calyxes ; fruit pear-shaped ; corymbs length of the leaves. I? . 

 H. Native of North America. Flowers white. Fruit dark 

 purple. 



Depressed Pyrus. Fl. May. Shrub 1 to 2 feet. 



52 P. MELANOCA'RPA (Willd. enum. p. 525.) stem humble, 

 erect, glabrous ; leaves oblong, acute, shining, serrated, gla- 

 brous beneath, as well as the calyxes and peduncles ; fruit round- 

 ish-turbinate. T? . H. Native of North America, from Canada 

 to Virginia, and on the mountains of Carolina. P. arbutifolia 

 ft, Willd. spec. 2. p. 1013. Aronia arbutifolia, Pers. ench. 2. 

 p. 39. Corymbs more crowded than those of the last species, 

 and the pomes are black. Flowers white. 



Var. ft, subpubescens (Lindl. hort. trans. 7. p. 232.) leaves 



when young tomentose beneath, but glabrous in the adult state. 



Black-fruited Pyrus. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1700. Sh. 2 ft. 



53 P. PU'BENS (Lindl. hort. trans. 7. p. 232.) stem erect ; 

 branches pubescent ; leaves oblong or obovate, abruptly acumi- 

 nated, smooth ; fruit spherical, and are, as well as the calyxes, 

 quite glabrous ; corymbs loose, many-flowered ; fruit with a gla- 

 brous disk. T? . H. Native of North America. Flowers white. 

 Fruit round, large, dark purple. Both this and the following 

 have the robust foliage and habit of P. chamcemespilus. 



Downy Pyrus. Clt. 1810. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



54 P. GRANDIFOLIA (Lindl. 1. c.) stem erect, and is, as well as 

 the branches, smoothish ; leaves oblong or obovate, acute, gla- 

 brous ; fruit spherical, and are, as well as the calyxes, glabrous; 

 corymbs few-flowered, coarctate ; fruit with a villous disk. fj . 

 H. Native of North America. Lindl. bot. reg. 1154. Flowers 

 white. Fruit dark purple. 



Great-leaved Pyrus. Clt. 1810. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



SECT. VIII. CHAMJSME'SPILUS (chamce in botany usually sig- 

 nifies false, and Mespilus, the medlar ; false medlar). D. C. 

 prod. 2. p. 637. Petals erect, connivent, concave. Styles 2. 

 Pome ovate. Leaves simple, glandless. Flowers disposed in 

 capitate corymbs. 



55 P. CHAHLEME'SPILUS (Lindl. in Lin. trans. 13. p. 98.) 

 leaves ovate, serrated, glabrous. T? . H. Native of Europe, in 

 mountainous parts. Cratae'gus chamsemespilus, Jacq. aust. t. 

 231. hort. vind. 243. Mespilus chamsemespilus, Lin. spec. 685. 

 Sorbus chamsemespilus, Crantz aust. 83. t. 1. f. 3. Leaves 

 clothed with deciduous down when young. Flowers reddish. 

 Fruit round, red. 



Bastard-Medlar or Quince. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1683. 

 Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 



f Species not sufficiently known. 



56 P. ? ALNIFOLIA (Lindl. 1. c.) glabrous : leaves roundish, 

 toothed at the apex, feather-nerved, rather glaucous beneath ; 

 raceme simple, elongated. T? . H. Native of North America, 

 at Fort Mandan. Pome black, sugary. 



Alder-leaved Pyrus. Shrub. 



57 P. TOMENTOSA (D. C. prod. 2. p. 637.) leaves oval-lan- 

 ceolate, rather crenulated, on short petioles, clothed with white 

 tomentum beneath, as well as the branchlets, and with cinereous 



4O 



