814 



MYRTACE^E. IX. BEAUFORTIA. X. CALOTHAMNUS. XI. MELALEUCA. 



2 B. SPA'RSA (R. Br. 1. c.) leaves scattered, oval, many- 

 nerved. fj . G. Native along with the preceding species. 

 Flowers red. 



Scattered-leaved Beaufortia. Shrub 3 to 10 feet. 



3 B. CARINA'TA (Cunningh. mss. ex Loud. hort. brit. p. 

 319.) leaves opposite, decussate, many-nerved, keeled on the 

 back, ovate or oval, glaucous. (7 . G. Native of New Hol- 

 land. Flowers scarlet. 



A'ee/erf-leaved Beaufortia. Shrub 2 to 4 feet. 



N.B. There are two other species, which were detected by 

 Mr. Brown ; but they still remain unpublished. 



Cult. This is a splendid genus of plants, and therefore the 

 species are desirable objects in every collection of greenhouse 

 plants ; they are also very suitable for conservatories, being 

 free growers and abundant flowerers. Their culture and pro- 

 pagation is the same as that recommended for the species of 

 Tristania, p. 813. 



X. CALOTHA'MNUS (from raXoc, kalos, beautiful, and 

 Baftvoc, thamnos, a shrub ; in reference to the elegance of the 

 shrubs, from their scarlet flowers and terete leaves). Labill. 

 nov. holl. 2. p. 25. R. Br. in Ait. hort. kew. 4. p. 417. 

 Baudinia, Leschen. ined. 



LIN. SYST. Polyadelphia Polyandria. Calyx permanent, 

 4-5-toothed (f. 11G. b.), with a hemispherical tube. Petals 4-5 

 (f. 116. b.). Bundles of stamens equal in number to the petals 

 (f. 11C. c. a.), and opposite them. Anthers inserted by the base. 

 Style filiform. Capsule corticate from the calyx, 3-celled, many- 

 seeded. Elegant Australian shrubs, with scattered, crowded, 

 terete leaves, and axillary, solitary, scarlet flowers, which are 

 sessile, and the fruit is therefore adnate to the branches. 



* Flowers quadrifid. 



1 C. SANOUI'NEA (Labill. 1. c. t. 154.) 2 of the bundles of 

 stamens bearing 12-16 anthers, and joined together on one side ; 

 the other two free, sterile, monandrous ; adult leaves, as well as 

 fruit glabrous. !? . G. "Dative of New Holland, in Van Lewin's 

 Land. Flowers scarlet. 



Z^oorfy-flovvered Calothamnus. Shrub 2 to 6 feet. 



2 C. QUADRI'FIDA (R. Tjjr'. 11 is Ait. hort. kew. 4. p. 418.) 

 bundles of stamens 4, distinct^ equal, bearing 12-15 anthers 

 each; adult leaves as well as flowers glabrous. Tj . G. Native 

 of New Holland, on the south-west coast. Rchb. gart. mag. 1. 

 t. 9. upper* figure. Sims, bot. mag. 1506. Anthers inserted 

 by the base. Flowers Harriet, somewhat secund. 



Qu'adrifid CalothamnuS. *F1. Jijly,. Sept. Clt. 1803. Shrub 

 2 to 4 feet. 



Flowers quinqitcfid. 



3 C. VILIOSA (R. Br. 1. c.) ^ 

 bundle .; of stamens equal, dis- 

 tinct, polyandrqjis ; adult leaves 



as well a> fiitit/viflous. Tj . GV/ 

 Native of V . 1 lolland, on the .." 

 south-west *foast. Liridl. bot. 

 reg. t. 1099.' ^Rchb'! gard. mag^ 

 1. t. 9. lowe'r 1 figure. Colla, 

 hort. r'pul. app. 2f p. 328. t. 15. ^ 

 Flowers scarlet, (f. 116.) ' 



bilious Calothamnua. Fl. Jul. 

 Sept. Clt. 1823. Sh. 2 to 4 ft. 



4 C. GRA'CILIS (R. Br. 1. c.) 

 bundles of, stamens equal, trian- 

 drous ; leaves very long, and 

 are as well as the exserted fruit, 

 glabrous ; stem branched. Jj . 



FIG. 116. 



G. Native of New Holland, on the south-west coast. Leaves 

 stiff, acute, terete. Flowers scarlet. 



Slender Calothamnus. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1803. Shrub 

 3 to 6 feet. 



5 C. CLAVA'TUS (Cunningh. mss. ex Loud. hort. brit. p. 319.) 

 bundles of stamens equal, polyandrous ; adult leaves as well as 

 fruit downy. Jj . G. Native of New Holland. Leaves terete, 

 clavate at the apex. Flowers scarlet. 



Clavale Calothamnus. Fl. Jul. Sept. Clt. 1824. Sh. 2 to 6 ft. 



Cult. The species of Calothamnus deserve a place in every 

 collection of greenhouse plants, for the splendour of their blos- 

 soms. Their culture and propagation is the same as that re- 

 commended for Tristania, see p. 813. The glass placed over 

 the cuttings requires to be taken off and wiped occasionally, to 

 prevent damp. 



XI. MELALEU'CA (from pc.\ag, mclas, black, and Xtuiooc, 

 leucos, white ; the trunk is black, and the branches are white). 

 Lin. mant. 14. Smith, in Lin. trans. 3. p. 273. R. Br. in Ait. 

 hort. kew. 4. p. 410. D. C. prod. 3. p. 211. Caju-puti, Adans. 

 fam. f. 2. p. 84. 



LIN. SYST. Polyadelphia, Polyandria. Tube of calyx some- 

 what hemispherical (f. 117. .); limb 5-parted (f. 117. 6.). Pe- 

 tals 5. Bundles of stamens 5 (f. 117. e. g.}, elongated, opposite 

 the petals. Style filiform (f. 117. c.) ; stigma obtuse. Anthers 

 incumbent. Capsules connate, inclosed in the thickened tube 

 of the calyx, and adnate to the branches by the base, 3-celled, 

 many-seeded. Seeds angular. Trees and shrubs, for the most 

 part natives of New Holland, and a very few of the East 

 Indies. Leaves alternate, or opposite, equal at the base. Flowers 

 always sessile, or somewhat adnate to the branches, spicate or 

 capitate, white, yellow, or purple. 



* Leaves alternate. 



1 M. LEUCODE'NDRON (Lin. mant. 105.) leaves alternate, long, 

 lanceolate, acuminated, falcate, 3-5-nerved ; flower-bearing 

 branches pendulous ; flowers in spikes, rather distant, and are 

 as well as the rachis quite glabrous. Tj . S. Native of the 

 East India Islands, where it is called Caju-puli by the natives. 

 A tree with a black trunk, white branches, and white flowers. 

 Rumph. amb. 2. p. 72. t. 16. Myrtus leucodendron, Lin. fil. 

 suppl. Melaleuca leucodendron latif olia, Lin. fil. snppl. p. 342. 

 M. leucodendron, Hayne, arzn. gew. 10. t. 9. From the leaves 

 of this tree is distilled the volatile, green, aromatic oil called 

 Cajeput, from Caju-puti, a white tree, which is the Malay 

 name, whence also Linnaeus gave to it the name of Leucoden- 

 dron. The oil has the taste of peppermint, but stronger and 

 colder, and a smell of turpentine, but it seldom comes to Europe 

 unadulterated. It is a powerful sudorific, and an useful exter- 

 nal application in chronic rheumatism. Ainslie, 1. p. 260. It 

 is considered carminative, cephalic, and emmenagogue, and is, 

 no doubt, a highly diffusible stimulant, antispasmodic, and dia- 

 phoretic, and is much used in the cure of cholera morbus, from 

 its antispasmodic powers. It has also the power of dissolving 

 caoutchouc. A decoction of the leaves is much used in China 

 as a tonic. The bark is very serviceable in caulking boats, 

 covering houses, &c. 



White-tree or Cajeput-tree. Clt. 1796. Tr. 15 to 20 ft. 



2 M. M!NOR (Smith, in Rees' cycl. vol. 23. no. 2.) leaves 

 alternate, elliptic-lanceolate, acutish, rather falcate, 3-5-nerved; 

 flowers rather distant, in spikes ; rachis and calyxes villous. 



Pj . S. Native of Amboyna, and other East India islands, 

 where it is called in the Malay language Caju-puti and Caju- 

 kilee. Rumph. arab. 2. p. 74. t. 17. f. 1. and probably f. 2. 

 M. Cajuputi, Roxb. hort. beng. p. 59. M. saligna, Gmel. syst. 

 793. is referrible to this species, according to the synonyms 

 given to it. M. Cajaputi of gardeners is totally distinct from this 



