SCLERANTHE.E. VI. L(EFLINGIA. CRASSULACE^E. 



97 



the Mediterranean Sea, in the sand ; and of Spain, near Va- 

 lentia. Perhaps sufficiently distinct from the first. 



Pentandrous Lceflingia. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1820. PI. \ to \ ft. 



} Species not sufficiently known. 



8 L. CA'SPICA (Gmel. syst. 1. p. 105.) plant smooth in every 

 part. Found on the shores of the Caspian Sea, by Gmelin. 

 Gmel. itin. 3. p. 310. t. 35. f. 1. 



Caspian Lceflingia. PI. ^ foot. 



4 L. ? RENIFOLIA (Lag. gen. et spec. p. 2.) flowers pentan- 

 drous; leaves orbicularly reniform. Q. H. Native of Mexico. 



Kidney-leaved Lceflingia. PI. ^ foot. 



Cult. The seeds only require to be sown in the open border 

 in any dry lightish soil. 



ORDER CXIII. CRASSULA'CE^E (plants agreeing with 

 Crdssula in important characters). D. C. bull, philom. 1801. 

 no. 49. p. 1. fl. fr. ed. 3. vol. 4. p. 382. prod. 3. p. 381. Sem- 

 pervivae, Juss. gen. p. 237. Succulentae, Vent. tabl. vol.3, p. 

 271. Succulentae /3, Lin. ord. nat. Crdssulae, Juss. diet. 11. 

 p. 369. 



Sepals from 3 (f. 25. e.} -20 (f. 30. a.), more or less united 

 at the base, and therefore the calyx is many-parted (f. 26. b.). 

 Petals equal in number with the sepals (f. 25. 6. f. 26. a.), and 

 alternating with them, either distinct (f. 27. b.) or united into 

 a gamopetalous corolla (f. 26. a.), inserted in the bottom of 

 the calyx. Stamens inserted with the petals, either equal to 

 them in number (f. 25. c.) and alternating with them, or twice 

 as many (f. 27. c.) ; those opposite the petals being shortest, 

 and arriving at perfection after the others ; filaments distinct, 

 subulate ; anthers oval, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise. Nectari- 

 ferous scales several, one at the base of each ovarium sometimes 

 obsolete. Ovaria of the ^ me number as the petals, opposite to 

 which they are placed around an imaginary axis, usually dis- 

 tinct, but in some of the anomalous genera rather concrete, all 

 1 -celled, and tapering into 1 stigma each, opening when ripe by 

 a longitudinal chink in front, but in the genus Dimorpha on the 

 back. Seeds attached to the margins of the suture, in 2 rows, 

 variable in number. Albumen thin, fleshy. Embryo straight 

 in the axis of the albumen, having the radicle directed to the 

 hilum. Fleshy herbs or shrubs. Leaves entire or pinnatifid, 

 without stipulas. Flowers usually in cymes, sometimes rising 

 in the forks, often arranged unilaterally along the divisions of 

 the cymes. 



The plants contained in this order are all remarkable for the 

 succulent nature of their stems and leaves, in which they re- 

 semble Cdctece, Portulaceee, and certain genera of Euphorbiacece, 

 &c. but this analogy goes no farther. Their real affinity is 

 probably with Saxifragece, through Penthbrum, which is not 

 succulent, like the rest of the genera ; and with Paronychiece, 

 through Tillce'a, as De Candolle has remarked. In both those 

 orders, the nectariferous scales of Crassulacece are wanting. 

 De Candolle observes (mem. crass, p. 5.) that there is no in- 

 stance of a double flower in the order, although this might have 

 been expected from their analogy in structure with Caryophyl- 

 lece. Sempervlvum tectorum almost constantly exhibits the sin- 

 gular phenomenon of anthers bearing ovules instead of pollen. 



VOL. III. 



These plants are found in the driest situations, where not a 

 blade of grass nor a particle of moss can grow, on naked rocks, 

 old walls, sandy hot plains, alternately exposed to the heaviest 

 dews of night, and the fiercest rays of the noon-day sun. Soil 

 is to them a something to keep them stationary, rather than a 

 source of nutriment, which in these plants is conveyed by my- 

 riads of mouths, invisible to the naked eye, but covering all 

 their surface, to the juicy beds of cellular tissue which lie be- 

 neath them. 



Refrigerent and abstergent properties, mixed sometimes with 

 a good deal of acridity, distinguish them. The fishermen of 

 Madeira rub their nets with the fresh leaves of Sempermvum 

 glutinbsum, by which they are rendered as durable as if tanned, 

 provided they are steeped in some alkaline liquor. Malic acid 

 exists in Sempervivum tectorum, combined with lime. Turner, 

 p. 634. 



Synopsis of the genera. 

 TRIBE I. 



CRASSUI.A > CE.& LEGI'TIMJE. Carpella distinct, opening when 

 mature by a longitudinal fissure in front (f. 26, b.). 



1 TILLS? A. Divisions of- calyx, petals, and stamens 3-4 (f. 

 25. a. b. c.). Nectariferous scales none or very small. Car- 

 pels 3-4 (f. 25. d.}, constricted in the middle, 2-seeded. 



2 BULLIA'RDA. Divisions of calyx, petals and stamens 4. 

 Nectariferous scales 4, linear. Carpels 4, many-seeded. 



3 DASYSTE'MON. Sepals 3-7, filiform, unequal, hardly joined 

 at the base. Petals 3-7, often 5, hardly joined at the base, 

 rather revolute at the apex. Stamens 3-7 ; filaments thick. 

 Carpels 3-5. 



4 SE'PTAS. Calyx 5-9-parted. Petals 5-9, stellately spreading. 

 Stamens 5-9 ; filaments slender. Scales 5-9, small, roundish. 

 Carpels 5-9, many-seeded. 



5 CRA'SSULA. Calyx 5 -parted. Petals 5, distinct. Stamens 

 5 ; filaments subulate. Scales 5. Carpels 5, many-seeded. 



6 PURGOSIA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, imbricating at the 

 base. Stamens 5 ; scales 5, emarginate. Carpels 5, gibbous 

 on the outside, and flat inside, many-seeded. 



7 GLOBU'LEA. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, bearing a waxy 

 globule each at the apex. Stamens 5. Scales 5. Carpels 5. 



8 CURTO'GYNE. Calyx 5-parted. Petals united into a 5- 

 parted corolla. Stamens 5. Scales 5. Ovaria 5, gibbous at 

 the apex, ending each in a long sublateral style. 



9 GRAMMA'NTHES. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla gamopetalous ; 

 lobes 5, rarely 6, expanded. Stamens 5-6, inserted in the tube 

 of the corolla. Scales none. Carpels 5. 



10 ROCHEA. Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5, united into a gamo- 

 petalous corolla, with a spreading 5-lobed limb. Stamens 5. 

 Glands and carpels 5. 



11 KALOSA'NTHES. Calyx 5-lobed (f. 26. 6.). Petals united 

 into a 5-parted corolla (f. 26. o.), with the tube cylindrical, 2 or 

 3 times longer than the spreading limb. Stamens 5, inserted 

 in the tube of the corolla. Glands and carpels 5. 



12 KALANCHOE. Calyx 4-parted ; sepals hardly united at 

 the base. Corolla gamopetalous, with a 4-parted, spreading 



O 



