CACTE^E. I. MAMMILLARIA. 



157 



erect, thick. Berry oval, umbilicate at the apex, either tuber- 

 cled or spiny. 



7 PERE'SKIA. Sepals leaf-formed, numerous, adnate to the 

 ovarium, and usually permanent above the fruit. Corolla rotate, 

 almost as in Opuntia. Stamens numerous, much shorter than 

 the petals. Stigmas aggregate, in a spiral manner. Berry glo- 

 bose or ovate. 



TRIBE II. 



RmpSALiDEiE. Ovula, and therefore the seeds fixed to the 

 central axis of the fruit, 



8 RHI'PSALIS. Tube of calyx smooth, adhering to the ova- 

 rium ; limb superior, 3-6-parted, short. Petals 6, oblong, in- 

 serted in the calyx. Stamens 12-18, fixed to the petals. Stig- 

 mas 3-6, spreading. Berry roundish, pellucid, crowned by the 

 dead calyx. 



Tribe I. 



OPUNTIA'CE/E (plants agreeing with Opiintia in important 

 characters). D. C. prod, 3. p. 458. Ovula, and therefore the 

 seeds fixed to the parietes of the berry. 



I. MAMMILLA'RIA (from mamma, the nipple ; the plants 

 are covered with mammaeform tubercles, spirally disposed, the 

 mammae bearing radiating spines at the apex and deciduous to- 

 mentum). Haw. syn. 177. D. C. prod. 3. p. 458. Cactus and 

 Mammillaria, D.C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 83. Echinocaetus, Willd. 

 enum. suppl. 30. exclusive of some species. Cactus, sect. A. 

 Link. enum. 2. p. 21. 



LIN. SYST. Icosandria, Monogynia. Tube of calyx adhering 

 to the ovarium ; lobes 5-6, coloured, crowning the young fruit. 

 Petals 5-6, hardly distinguishable from the calyx, and longer than 

 it, united into a tube with the sepals. Stamens filiform, disposed 

 in many series. Style filiform. Stigmas 5-7, radiating. Berry 

 smooth. Seeds imbedded in the pulp. Cotyledons obsolete 

 (ex Nutt.). Fleshy, succulent, shrubby plants, of a roundish 

 or subcylindrical form, destitute of a woody axis (perhaps in 

 all ?), lactescent, leafless ; bearing rather conical, mammaeform, 

 crowded tubercles, which are disposed in a spiral manner, ter- 

 minating in radiating spines and deciduous tomentum. Flowers 

 sessile at the base of the mammae, usually disposed in a trans- 

 verse zone around the plant. Berries obovate, eatable, crowned 

 by the marcescent calyx, which at length becomes deciduous. 

 Tubercles of the stem very similar to the leaves of Mesembry- 

 anthemum barbatum. 



\ M. MAGNIMA'MMA (Haw. in phil mag. vol. 63. p. 41.) 

 plant nearly globose, depressed ; tubercles or mammae large, 

 hard, and very green, when young woolly at the apex, but when 

 old quite smooth, each terminated by 4 very stiff, radiating, re- 

 curved, yellow spines : the upper one of which is very minute, 

 and the lower one much elongated. fj . D. S. Native of 

 Mexico. This is a very pretty species. The tubercles are large, 

 tetragonal, and cylindrical, very broad at the base, and much 

 depressed ; the spines very strong and very stiff, broadish, re- 

 curved, furrowed longitudinally, when young pale brown and 

 black at the apex, but when old wholly black, and with wool at 

 the base ; wool at the base of the spines vanishing. 



Large-teated Mammillaria. Clt. 1823. Shrub ^ to f foot. 



2 M. CORONA'RIA (Haw. rev. p. 69.) plant simple, cylindrical, 

 when young clavate ; tubercles or mammae large, ovate, woolly, 

 and spiny at the apex ; spines stiff, rising from white tomentum, 

 exterior ones white : interior ones brown. Tj . D. G. Native 

 of Mexico. Cactus coronatus, Willd. enum. suppl. 30. Cactus 



cylindricus, Ort. dec. p. 128. t. 16. but not of Lam. This is a 

 very beautiful species, and the tallest of all the genus ; it is 

 about 5 feet high, and half a foot in diameter. Flowers scarlet. 

 Tubercles or mammae at the top of the stem are the longest, and 

 as if they were forming in a crown. 



Crmvn Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1817. Sh. 5 feet. 



3 M. DISCOLOR (Haw. syn. 177. D. C. diss. t. 2. f. 2.) plant 

 globose, somewhat depressed, almost simple, with glabrous axils ; 

 tubercles or mammae ovate, hardly woolly at the tips, but bear- 

 ing spines : outer spines setaceous and white, spreading and 

 stiffish : inner ones fewer and brown, straight and more rigid. 

 Tj . D. S. Native of South America. Colla, hort. ripul. append. 

 3. t. 11. Cactus depressus, D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 84. 

 Cactus pseudo-mammillaris, Salm-Dyck. mss. C. Spinii, Colla 

 antol. 6. p. 501. Plant 3-4 inches high. There are 13-15 series 

 of tubercles, winding to the right. Flowers longer than the tu- 

 bercles, more spreading at the apex than in M. simplex, white 

 inside, but of a dirty reddish colour on the outside. 



Two-coloured-spined Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1800. 

 Shrub ^ to ^ foot. 



4 M. LANIFERA (Haw. in phil. mag. vol. 63. p. 41. D. C. 

 diss. t. 4.) plant simple, terete, obovate, clothed with woolly to- 

 mentum all over ; tubercles or mammae bearing 20 or more 

 radiating, straight, spreading spines at the apex : outer spines 

 smaller and white : inner ones strong and fulvescent. Tj . D. S. 

 Native of Mexico. Cactus canescens, Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. 

 icon ined- Plant 3-4 inches high. F'lowers red, longer than 

 the tubercles (ex fl. mex.). 



Wool-bearing Mammillaria. Clt. 1823. Shrub | foot. 



5 M. FLAVE'SCENS (D. C. prod. 3. p. 459.) plant obovate, 

 rather proliferous at the top ; axils woolly ; tubercles or mammae 

 ovate, woolly at the apex, and bearing spines ; spines stiff, long, 

 straight, yellowish. ^ D. S. Native of South America. 

 Cactus flavescens, D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 83. M. straminea, 

 Haw. ex Salm-Dyck. in litt. Cactus flavescens and C. stra- 

 mineus, Spreng. syst. 2. p. 494. Plant 4-5 inches high. The 

 tubercles are disposed in 13-14 series, which wind to the right. 



Yellmvish-spmed Mamillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1811. 

 Shrub -1 to ^ foot. 



6 M. FULVISPINA (Haw. in phil. mag. oct. 1829. p. 10(5.) 

 plant roundish ; tubercles or mammae bearing about 13 spines 

 each at the apex, about 4 of which are a little longer than the 

 rest : outer ones horizontal. T? . D. S. Native of Brazil. 

 Flowers large, red, nearly like those of M. rhoddntha (Otto), 

 but probably larger, and the spines are longer ; lower spines 3 

 lines long, white, almost covering the whole plant : and the 4 

 upper ones spreading, and 2 or 3 times longer than the rest, of 

 a fulvous colour. 



Bromn-spined Mammillaria. Fl. Sept. Clt. 1829. Sh.-lto^-ft. 



7 M. PROLIFERA (Haw. syn. 177. suppl. 71.) plant obovate, 

 proliferous at the base ; axils woolly ; spines long, straight, of 

 a whitish straw-colour. ^ . D. S. Native of South America. 

 Cactus mammillaris prolifer, Ait. hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 175. 

 Offsets rising from the plant at the very base, from which it is 

 easily known from M.Jlavescens (ex Salm-Dyck.). 



Proliferous Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1800. Sh. 

 | to | foot. 



8 M. DE'NSA (Link, et Otto, pi. rar. hort. berol. t. 35.) 

 plant cylindrical, glaucescent ; tubercles or mammae conical, 

 dense ; spines numerous, yellowish, 1 of which in each fascicle 

 is larger than the others. fj . D. S. Native of Mexico, on the 

 mountains. 



Dense Mammillaria. Clt. ? Shrub i foot. 



9 M. BICOLOR (Lehm. in pi. nov. hort. hamb. ex bot. zeit. 

 1831. p. 132.) plant obovate, proliferous at top ; axils woolly ; 

 mammae twisted spirally, ovate, pyramidal, woolly at the apex, 



