160 



CACTE^E. I. MAMMILLARIA. II. MELOCACTUS. 



red, a little longer than the tubercles. Haworth's plant appears 

 to be different from that of De Candolle. 



Twin-spmed Mammillaria. Clt. 1823. Shrub | foot. 



38 M. VIVI'PARA (Haw. suppl. p. 72.) plant multiple; offsets 

 nearly globose ; tubercles or mammae cylindrically ovate, bearded, 

 marked by a proliferous furrow above ; flowers central, large, 

 exserted. Jj . D. F. Native of Louisiana, on high hills about 

 the river Missouri. Cactus viviparus, Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 

 295. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 494. exclusive of Haw. syn. Each 

 tuft of the plant in its native place of growth is 2 or 3 feet in 

 diameter. Flowers deep red, almost like those of Cereus Jlagel- 

 I'fbrmis, Outer lobes of calyx ciliated. Berries about the size 

 of grapes, fusiform, greenish. 



Viviparous Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1811. PI. 4 ft. 



39 M. CLOMERA'TA (D.-C. prod. 3. p. 459.) plant tufted ; 

 tubercles or mammae clavate, glaucous, tomentose, furnished with 

 a stellate bunch of spines each at the apex. Tj . D. S. Native 

 ol St. Domingo, in marshes. Plum. ed. Burm. 201. f. 1. Cactus 

 glomeratus, Lam. diet. 1. p. 257. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 494. ex- 

 clusive of the synonyme of Haworth. Flowers red. 



Glomerate Mammillaria. Shrub ^ foot. 



40 -M. PUSI'LLA (D. C. diss. t. 2. f. 1.) plant multiple, round- 

 ish ; axils a little bearded ; tubercles or mammae ovate, bearing 

 radiating spines at the apex, outer spines hair-formed and white, 

 inner ones stiff" and pale yellow, pubescent when examined under 

 a lens. Fj . D. S. Native of South America. Mill. diet. no. 6. 

 Cactus pusillus, D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 185. Pluk. phyt. t. 

 29. f. 2. ? Plant very small, rather glaucescent, hardly 2 inches 

 high. The tubercles or mammae are disposed in 5 or 7 series, 

 which wind to the left. Flowers large, white or pale red, with 

 the backs of the petals reddish. 



Small Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. ^ foot, 



41 M. STELLA' TA (Haw. in phil. mag. Feb. 1830.) plant irre- 

 gularly tufted, beset with radiating fascicles of white pubescent 

 spines ; the lower ones of which are hair-formed, with a few of 

 the upper ones much stronger and more horizontal, and straw- 

 coloured at the apex. Jj . D. S. Native of South America. 

 Cactus stellaris, Willd. enum. p. 30. M. stellaris, Haw. suppl. 

 p. 72. Lodd. hot. cab. 79. but not M. pusilla, D. C. 



Starry Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1815. PI. -1 foot. 



42 M. MISSOURIE'NSIS (Sweet, hort. brit. p. 171.) mammae or 

 tubercles ovate, terete, bearded ; flowers hardly exserted ; berries 

 scarlet, about equal with the mammae. Pj . D. F. Native of 

 Louisiana, on the high mountains about the Missouri. Cactus 

 mammillaris, Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 295. Flowers white. Ber- 

 ries scarlet. This is a much smaller plant than M. simplex, to 

 which it is nearly allied. 



Missouri Mammillaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt, 1818. Shrub 



to | foot. 



t Species not sufficiently known. 



43 M. HELI'CTERES (D. C. diss. t. 5.) plant simple, obovate, 

 glabrous ; tubercles or mammae disposed in numerous, nearly 

 vertical, regularly spiral series, bearing spreading, straight, 

 spines at the apex. Tj . D. S. Native of Mexico. Cactus 

 Helicteres, Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. icon. ined. Plant 3-4 

 inches high. Flowers rose-coloured, a little longer than the 

 mammae. 



Screw Mammillaria. PI. -5 to ^- foot. 



44 M. NU V DA (D. C. prod. 3. p. 400.) plant simple, cylindri- 

 cal, ascending, glabrous ; tubercles or mammae unarmed, fj . D. 

 S. Native of Mexico. Cactus nudus, Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. 

 icon. ined. Flowers rose-coloured. 



Naked Mammillaria. PI. ^ to ^ foot. 



J The following species are hardly known unless by name ; 



some of these names may, however, be referrible to those described 

 above. 



1 M. mltis, Mill. diet. 2 M. conica, Haw. suppl. 3 M. 

 ccEspilosa, Hort. berol. 4 M. canescens, Hort. berol. 5 M ' . 

 angularis, Hort. berol. 6 M. chrysdntha, Hort. berol. 7 M. 

 aurata, Hort. berol. 8 M.fuscata, Hort. berol. 9 M. atrata, 

 Hort. berol. 



|| The following species were raised in the gardens in 1827 

 from seeds brought from Chili by Dr. Gillies, but have not yet 



been described. The species me have referred to this genus only 

 from their seedling state, without any knowledge of them when 

 full grown. The names are under the genus Cactus in Gillies's 



mss. 



1 M. spinbsa, Gill. 2 M. quadrata, Gill. 3 M. caudata, 

 Gill. 4 M. cocc'mea, Gill. 5 M. solitaria, Gill. 



Cult. Mammillaria is a genus of small singular grotesque 

 succulent plants. A mixture of sand, loam, and peat, or loam 

 mixed with brick rubbish, is a good soil for them. The pots in 

 which the species are grown should be as small as the plants will 

 allow, and they shouid be well drained with sherds ; they re- 

 quire very little water. The pots should be placed on shelves 

 erected for the purpose in a stove, should there be no house for 

 the purpose of growing succulent plants, called a dry stove. 

 The plants are increased by offsets. 



II. MELOCA'CTUS (from ^n\of, melon, a melon, and KOK- 

 roe, cactos, a name applied to a spiny plant by Theophrastus ; 

 the plants are in the form of a melon, and the angles are beset 

 with tufts of spines). C. Bauh. pin. 384. D. C. diss. 1826. 

 Link et Otto, diss. 1827. p. 8. B.C. prod. 3. p. 460. Cactus, 

 Haw. syn. 1 72. exclusive of some species^ Cactus, sect. B, 

 Link, enum. 2. p. 21. 



LIN. SYST. Icosdndria, Monogynia. Tube of calyx adhering 

 to the ovarium ; lobes 5-6, petaloid, crowning the young fruit. 

 Petals 5-6, united into a long cylindrical tube with the sepals. 

 Stamens filiform, disposed in many series. Style filiform ; stig- 

 mas 5, radiating. Berry smooth, crowned by the dry lobes of 

 the corolla and calyx. Seeds imbedded in the pulp. Cotyle- 

 dons small. Plumule large, nearly globose '(D. C. Organogr. 

 t. 48. f. 3.) Fleshy globose simple roundish shrubs, with 

 deep furrows, alternating with vertical ribs, which are orna- 

 mented with confluent tubercles, each tubercle furnished with 

 a starry fascicle of prickles or spines. Spadix or flowering head 

 terminal, cylindrical, composed of mammaeform, much crowded 

 tomentose or setiferous tubercles. Flowers immersed in the wool 

 of the head under its apex. 



1 M. COMMU'NIS (Link et Otto, 1. c. diss. p. 8. t. 11. D. C. 

 diss. t. 6.) plant ovate-roundish, deep green, with 11 or 18 

 angles ; ribs straight ; spines strong, pale brown, unequal, 9 in 

 each fascicle : lower one tl.e longest : middle one erect. Tj . 

 D. S. Native of the West India Islands, in salt marshy 

 places near the sea ; and probably on the main land of South 

 America. Cactus Melocactus, Lin. spec. 666. D. C. pi. 

 grass, t. 112. Cactus Melocactus, and C. coronatus, Lam. diet. 

 1. p. 537. Bradl. succ. t. 32. Ribs 12-18. Flowers tubular, 

 red. Fruit red, nearly like those of Mammillaria, but larger, 

 oblong, and deciduous, protruding from the wool on the head. 



Var. ft, oblongus (Link et Otto, 1. c.) plant smaller ; prickles 

 weaker, and more red. Stem 6 inches high, and 3j thick. 



Var. y, macrocephalus (Link et Otto, 1. c.) plant thicker, H 

 inches high, and 9 inches broad. 



Common Melon-thistle, or Turk's-cap. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 

 1688. Shrub 1 foot. 



2 M. LAMA'RCKII; plant ovate, flattish at the base, with 

 14-20 angles at the top, which are rather oblique and bluntisli 1 



