GROSSULARIEjE. I, RIBES. 



185 



to be observed in making a wash for the rest of the trees or 

 bushes." 



J. Machray procured some tobacco and soft or black soap, 

 and boiled a quarter of a pound of tobacco with the one pound 

 of soft soap in about 1 8 scotch pints of water ; and kept stirring 

 the liquid while boiling with a whisk, in order to dissolve the 

 soap ; this liquor, when milk-warm, or so cool as not to hurt the 

 foliage, he applied to the bushes with a hand-squirt, in the 

 evening, and in the morning found all the ground under the 

 bushes covered with dead caterpillars. This practice he con- 

 tinued for six years, always when he saw any symptoms of the 

 approach of caterpillars. 



J. Tweedie, in the course of any of the winter months, pares 

 all the earth from under the bushes to the depth of about 3 

 inches, into a flat ridge betwixt the rows ; and on the first dry 

 day following, either treads, beats, or rolls these ridges, and 

 trenches the whole down l-J- or 2 spades deep, observing to tread 

 the foul earth into the bottom of the trench. 



Forsyth's method is as follows : " Take some sifted quick- 

 lime, and lay it under the bushes, but do not at first let any of 

 it touch the branches or leaves ; then shake each bush suddenly 

 and smartly, and the caterpillars will fall into the lime ; if the 

 bush be not shaken suddenly, the caterpillars, on being a little 

 disturbed, will take so firm a hold as not easily to be shaken off. 

 After this is done, sift some of the lime over the bushes ; this 

 will drive down those which may have lodged on the branches. 

 The caterpillars ought to be swept up next day, and the bushes 

 well washed with clear lime-water mixed with urine ; this will 

 destroy any caterpillars that may still remain, and also the 

 aphides, if there are any on the bushes." 



Of all the methods for destroying caterpillars mentioned 

 above, Gibb's appears to us the only plan on which any reliance 

 can be placed. 



Taking the crop " From gooseberries being useful for dif- 

 ferent purposes, both in a green and in a mature state, and from 

 the compass of time afforded by early and late sorts, they are in 

 season in great request 4 or 5 months in summer, from April 

 till September. The early sorts on south walls come in for 

 gathering in small green berries for tarts, &c. in April or early 

 in May, and attain maturity in June. From common standard 

 bushes an abundant supply is yielded in May and June of goose- 

 berries in a green state ; and in proportion as part is reserved to 

 ripen, a succession, in full size and maturity, is obtained in June, 

 July, and August. Some late kinds, either planted in shady 

 situations, or shielded with mats from the sun in their ripening 

 state, continue good on the bush till September." 



Prolonging the crop. In addition to planting late sorts in 

 shady situations, the bushes, whether standards or trained, may 

 be matted over when the fruit is ripe, and in this way some of 

 the reds, as the Warrington, and the thick-skinned yellow sorts, 

 as the Mogul, will keep on the trees till Christmas. 



Forcing. The gooseberry may be forced in pots or boxes 

 placed in pits, or in the peach-house or vinery. The plants in 

 pots or boxes, are placed in pits, or in the peach-house in January, 

 and has ripe fruit in the end of April, which is sent to table 

 growing on the bush. 



Common Gooseberry. Fl. March, April. Britain. Shrub 4 

 to 6 feet. 



* Flowers red. 



18 R. SPECIOSUM (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. append. 731.) 

 shrub bristly and prickly ; spines tripartite ; leaves roundish-oval, 

 3-5-lobed, obtuse ; peduncles few-flowered ; bracteas broadly 

 ovate ; calyx cylindrical, 4-parted, with erect glandular seg- 

 ments ; germens and pedicels beset with glandular bristles. Jj . H. 

 Native of North California and Monterrey, and Mexico. Sweet, fl. 

 gard. second ser.t. 149. Lindl. bot. reg. vol. 18. with a figure. R. 



VOL. III. 



stamineum, Smith in Rees' cycl. FIG. 32. 



R. triacantha, Menzies. R.fuch- 

 sioides, Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. 

 icon. ined. Flowers large, scar- 

 let, pendulous, very like those of 

 a Fuchsia. Stamens much ex- 

 serted ; style long, entire ; petals 

 cuneate, inserted on the very short 

 tube of the calyx, the margins 

 involute. Fruit hispid, (f. 32.) 

 Showy Gooseberry. Fl. May, 

 June. Clt. 1824. Sh. 4 to 5 ft. 



19 R. MENZIE'SII (Pursh. fl. 

 amer. sept. 2. append, p. 732.) 

 plant very prickly ; spines tripar- 

 tite ; leaves cordate, truncate at 



the base, 5-lobed, serrated, wrinkled Trom veins, clothed with 

 pubescence beneath; peduncles usually 1 -flowered; calyx cy- 

 lindrically campanulate, deeply 5-parted, glandular ; stamens 5, 

 inclosed ; style a little exserted ; germens and peduncles prickly. 

 fy . H. Native of North California, at Port Trinidad. R. ferox, 

 Smith in Rees' cycl. The present species and the preceding are 

 very showy plants, from their large bright red or crimson glan- 

 dular flowers, and may be considered as holding the same rank 

 among the gooseberries as R. sanguineum does among the cur- 

 rants. 



Menzies's Gooseberry. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



SECT. II. BOTRYCA'RPUM (from ftorpvg, botrys, a raceme, and 

 xapwof, karpos, a fruit ; fruit disposed in racemes). This is an 

 intermediate section between sect. 1. Grossularia, and sect. 3. 

 Ribesia, having the prickles of the former, and racemose flowers 

 and small fruit of the latter. R. lacustre, no. 9. ought probably 

 to have been placed in this section. 



20 R. ORIENTA'LE (Poir. encycl. suppl. 2. p. 856.) plant 

 rather prickly ; leaves 3-5-lobed, orbicularly somewhat reniform, 

 cut, hairy ; lobes rather deep, obtuse ; petioles hairy ; racemes 

 erectish, few-flowered ; bracteas longer than the flowers ; style 

 bifid at the apex. ^ . H. Native of Syria. Desf. arb. 2. p. 

 88. Flowers greenish yellow. Fruit like those of the currant. 



Eastern Gooseberry. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1824. Shrub 4 

 to 6 feet. 



21 R. SAXA'TILE (Pall. nov. act. petr. x. p. 276.) prickles 

 scattered ; leaves roundish-cuneiform, bluntly 3-lobed ; racemes 

 erect ; bracteas linear, shorter than the pedicels ; calyx flat, sca- 

 brous ; petals small, of a livid green colour. (7 . H. Native of 

 Siberia. Led. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 239. R. alpinum, Sievers in 

 Pall. nord. beytr. 7. p. 345. ? Flowers small, greenish purple. 

 Petals spatulate. Berries smooth, globose, bractless, dark pur- 

 ple, when mature full of edible pulp, rarely so large as common 

 currants, and like them. 



Rock Gooseberry. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1819. Shrub 4 to 

 5 feet. 



22 R. DIACA'NTHA (Lin. fil. suppl. p. 157.) prickles twin, sti- 

 pular ; leaves cuneiform, tripartite, quite glabrous, shorter than 

 the petioles ; lobes toothed ; racemes long, erect ; flowers on 

 long pedicels ; bracteas length of flowers; sepals roundish, yel- 

 lowish ; petals small, roundish. ^.H. Native of Dahuria and 

 Siberia. Berl. 1. c. t. 2. f. 8. Pall. fl. ross. 2. p. 36. t. 60. 

 append, no. 79. t. 2. f. 2. Berries about the size of currants, 

 red, of a sweetish acid taste. 



Two-spined Gooseberry. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1781. Shrub 

 4 to 5 feet. 



SECT. III. RIBE'SIA (an alteration from Ribes). Shrubs un- 

 armed (f. 33.). Racemes for the most part many-flowered (f. 33.). 

 Leaves plicate. Calyx campanulate (f. 33. 6.), or cylindrical. 

 B B 



