192 



ESCALLONE&. I. ESCALLONIA. 



most worthy of cultivation are R. speciosum, R. Menziesii, R. 

 sfinguineum, R. alropurpureum, and R. aiireum. 



ORDER CXIX. ESCALLO'NEvE (plants agreeing with Es- 

 callonia in important characters). R. Brown, in Franklin's voy. 

 p. 7(i6. (1824.). Saxifrageae, Sect. I. Escallonieae, D. C. prod. 

 4. p. 4. 



Calyx superior, 5-toothed (f. 84. b. f. 35. a.). Corolla of 5 

 petals (f. 34. e. f. 35. &.), alternating with the calycine segments, 

 from within which they rise, forming by their cohesion a tube 

 (f. 34. e.), but finally separating from each other (f. 35. b.), im- 

 bricate in aestivation. Stamens arising from the calyx (f. 35. b.), 

 alternating with the petals (f. 35. 6.) ; anthers bursting length- 

 wise. Disk conical, epigynous (f. 34. c.), plaited, surrounding 

 the base of the style (f. 34. c.). Ovarium inferior (f. 34. a.), 

 2-celled, with 2 large polypernous placentas (f. 34./.) in the 

 axis. Style simple (f. 34. d.). Stigma 2-lobed. Fruit cap- 

 sular, 2-celled, crowned by the style and calyx (f. 34. a. b. c. 

 d.), which are permanent, splitting by the separation of the 

 cells at their base. Seeds numerous, minute, with a trans- 

 parent membranous integument. Embryo minute, in the apex 

 of an oily albumen, having the radicle pointing to the extremity 

 opposite the hilum. Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, exsti- 

 pulate, simple, full of resinous glands. Flowers axillary, con- 

 spicuous, white, rarely reddish. 



This order is distinguished from Grossulariece by the cohering 

 petals, and by the radicle being at the extremity of the seed, 

 opposite the hylum ; the albumen is also oily, not horny, and 

 the placentas are not parietal ; from Philadelphece they are 

 known by their glandular leaves and minme_4fcbryo ; from Vac- 

 ciniece, by the final separation of the petals, zmd by the anthers. 



Synopsis of the genera. 



1 ESCALLONIA. Limb of calyx 5-toothed or 5-lobed (f. 34. 

 b.). Stigma peltate, 2-lobed (f. 34. d.). Capsule baccate (f. 

 34.y.), somewhat 2-celled, opening by pores at the base. Seeds 

 scrobiculate. 



2 QuiNTiNiA. Limb of calyx 5-toothed. Stigma peltately 

 capitate, 4-5-lobed. Capsule 3-celled. Seeds compressed. 



3 FORGE'SIA. Limb of calyx 5-parted. Style finally di- 

 visible into 2 parts ; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 2-celled, dehiscing 

 between the parts of the style. 



4 ANOPTERUS. Calyx 6-lobed (f. 35. a.). Petals and sta- 

 mens 6 (f. 35. &.). Stigma bifid (f. 35. e.). Capsule 1-celled, 

 2-valved (f. 35. d.). Seeds compressed, furnished with a wing 

 at the top. 



5 ITE'A. Calyx 5-cleft. Stigma capitate. Style finally di- 

 visible into 2 parts. Capsule compressed, 2-celled, separable 

 into 2 parts. 



I. ESCALLO'NIA (in honour of Escallon, a Spaniard, a 

 traveller in South America, who found the first species of this 

 genus in New Granada). Mutis, in Lin. fil. suppl. p. 21. 

 Vent, choix. p. 54. Gsertn. fr. carp. 3. p. 16. t. 182. H. B. 

 et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 294. D. C. prod. 4. p. 2. Ste- 



reoxylon, Ruiz, et Pav. fl. per. prod. p. 38. Escallbnia, Rcem. 

 et Schultes, syst. 5. no. 956. exclusive of Imbricdria. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Tube of calyx semi- 

 globose, adnate to the ovarium (f. 34. a.) ; limb 5-toothed or 

 5-lobed (f. 34. 6.). Petals 5, arising from the calyx. Stamens 

 5 ; anthers ovate-oblong. Style filiform, permanent. Stigma 

 peltate (f. 34. d.), somewhat 2-lobed by a furrow. Capsule 

 baccate (f. 34. f.), crowned by the calycine lobes and the style 

 (f. 34. b. c. d.), somewhat 2-celled, dehiscing irregularly by 

 pores at the base ; dissepiment incomplete at the top, and there- 

 fore placentiferous. Seeds very numerous, scrobiculate. Trees 

 and shrubs, natives of South America, especially Chili, usually 

 full of resinous glands. Leaves scattered, serrated, or entire. 

 Flowers terminal, bracteate, variously disposed, white or red. 

 In many of the species there is present a conical pervious urceo- 

 lus, girding the base of the style ; for this reason the species 

 of the genus may hereafter be formed into sections. 



* Pedicels solitary, \-fiorvered. 



1 E. SERRA'TA (Smith, icon. ined. 2. p. 31.) shrub glabrous, 

 erectish ; leaves obovate, obtuse, serrated, veinless beneath 

 (except the middle nerve) ; flowers terminal, solitary ; petals 

 oblong, tongue-shaped. ^ . F. Native of the Straits of Ma- 

 gellan, at Terra del Fuego. Rcem. et Schultes, syst. 1. p. 326. 

 Stereoxylon serratum, Poir. diet. 7. p. 435. Flowers white. 



Serrated-leaved Escallonia. Shrub 3 to 6 feet. 



2 E. MYRTILLOIDES (Lin. fil. suppl. p. 156.) shrub glabrous; 

 branches spreading much ; leaves obovate-oblong, acutish, cre- 

 nately serrulated, veiny ; flowers terminal, solitary ; petals spa- 

 tulate. I? . F. Native of New Granada, every where on the 

 Andes, in cold places. Smith, icon. ined. 2. t. 30. H. B. et 

 Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 294. Stereoxylon patens, Ruiz, 

 et Pav. fl. per. 3. t. 234. f. 6. but the leaves and flowers are 

 larger. 



Myrtle-like Escallonia. Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 



3 E. ALPINA (Pcepp. pi. exsic. no. 820.) branches glabrous : 

 leaves obovate, narrowed into short petioles, serrated at the 

 apex, densely clothed with fine down beneath, and with scattered 

 down above ; flowers axillary, solitary, on short pedicels ; tube 

 of calyx puberulous, with subulate teeth ; petals oblong-tongue- 

 shaped. 1? . F. Native of Chili, on the higher mountains. 

 Flowers white. 



Alpine Escallonia. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 



4 E. TORTUOSA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 295.) 

 shrub glabrous ; branches spreading, twisted ; leaves obovate, 

 acute, reticulately veined, glandularly crenated, rather shining ; 

 flowers nearly terminal, solitary ; lobes of calyx quite entire. 

 \l . F. Native in very rough mountainous places, on the Andes 

 about Quito. Flowers white. Allied to E. myrtilloides and 

 E. corymbosa. Fruit almost the size of that of Vaccmium 

 myrtillus. 



Twisted Escallonia. Shrub 3 to 6 feet. 



5 E. BERBERIFOLIA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 

 296.) shrub glabrous ; branches spreading ; leaves obovate, 

 bluntish, crenulately denticulated, reticulately veined ; flowers 

 terminal, solitary ; lobes of calyx quite entire ; petals rather 

 spatulate. (? . F. Native on the Andes, about Quito. Flowers 

 white. Perhaps only a variety of E. tortuosa, according to the 

 authors. 



Barberry-leaved Escallonia. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 



6 E. COUYMBOSA (Pers. ench. 1 . p. 234.) shrub glabrous ; 

 branches erectish ; leaves oblong, acute, serrulated ; flowers 

 terminal, solitary ; lobes of calyx denticulated ; petals oblong. 

 Tj . F. Native of Peru, in cold humid places, on high hills, 

 where it is called Siuba by the natives. Stereoxylon corvm- 

 bosum, Ruiz, et Pav. fl. per. 3. p. 14. t. 234. f. a. Peduncles 



