218 



SAXIFRAGACE/E. I. SAXIFRAGA. 



obovate, rather, membranous, nerved, deeply crenate-toothed, 

 tapering into the broad petiole ; scape naked ; flowers in pani- 

 cled corymbs ; calycine segments erect, obtuse ; petals oblong, 

 obovate, more than twice the length of the calyx. I/ . H. 

 Native of Canada, and to the mountains of the Columbia, and 

 from Fort Vancouver to the Kettle Falls. S. Virginiensis, 

 Torrey, fl. unit. stat. 1. p. 444. Flowers small, white, forming 

 an imperfect corymb or thyrse. This species differs from S. 

 Virginiensis in the disposition of the flowers. 



Var. a ; flowers loosely panicled ; scape longer. I/ . H. 



Var. ft; flowers compact, rather thyrsoid. If.. H. Native 

 on the banks of the Saskatchewan. General habit of S. nivalis. 



Var. y, gracilis ; corymb loose, few-flowered. "%. H. Na- 

 tive of North America. S. elongata, Sternb. sax. p. 9. t. 4. 

 Dermasea elongata, Haw. enum. sax. p. 9. 



Spring Saxifrage. Fl. May, June. Clt. ? PI. foot. 



102 S. REFLE'XA (Hook, fl. FIG. 45. 

 bor. amer. 1. p. 249. t. 85.) 



plant clothed with hoary down ; 

 leaves ovate, rather coriaceous, 

 opaque, deeply serrated, tapering 

 into the petiole ; scape naked ; 

 panicle quite glabrous, compact, 

 corymbose ; petals obovate, bi- 

 maculate ; calyx reflexed. 2/ . H. 

 Native of North America, on the 

 shores of the Arctic Sea, between 

 the Mackenzie and Coppermine 

 rivers. Together with the harsh 

 and rigid foliage of S. nicalis, 

 the present species has a panicle 

 more resembling that of S: ver- 

 nalis ; but the petals have 2 orange spots, similar to those of S. 

 leucanthemifdlia. The pubescence gives a whitish or hoary 

 appearance to the whole plant, the panicle excepted ; but as the 

 pubescence is very variable in all the species of the present sec- 

 tion, it cannot be depended upon. (f. 45.) 

 Reflexcd-ca]yxe& Saxifrage. PI. foot. 



103 S. INTEGRIFOLIA (Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 249. t. 86.) 

 the whole plant clothed with clammy pubescence ; leaves radical, 

 ovate, rather membranous, very blunt, quite entire, or sinuately 

 crenated, reticulately veined ; scape elongated, naked, panicled, 

 at the apex ; panicle loose, broad or contracted, -bracteate ; 

 petals obovate, twice the length of the calyx, which is at first 

 spreading, but at length reflexed ; stamens short ; styles diverg- 

 ing, y. . H. Native of the north-west coast of America, near 

 the mouth of the Columbia. The leaves are short, in proportion 

 to the height of the plant. 



Entire-leaved Saxifrage. PI. -| to 1 foot. 



104 S. NIVA'LIS (Lin. spec. p. 573.) leaves ovate or obovate, 

 coriaceous, undulately crenated, tapering into the broad petiole ; 

 scape naked, simple ; flowers in crowded heads ; calycine seg- 

 ments erect, obtuse ; petals obovate, permanent, hardly one 

 half longer than the calyx. Tf.. H. Native of Scotland, north 

 of England, Lapland, on the loftiest mountains ; in North Ame- 

 rica, on the Arctic Sea-shore and islands, abundant ; Labrador, 

 Canada, Spitzbergen, and the Rocky Mountains. In Bri- 

 tain, upon Snowden, and on the summits of several hills about 

 Snowden ; on Ben Lawers, Clova, and other Highland mountains 

 of Scotland; and near the top of Ben Lomond. Lightf. fl. scot, 

 with a figure. Smith, engl. bot. t. 440. Sternb. in Sturm, 

 deutschl. fl. with a figure. S. congesta, Haw. Dermasea nivalis, 

 Haw. syn. sax. p. 9. Lin. fl. suec. p. 176. t. 2. f. 5, 6. Ray. 

 angl. 3. p. 354. t. 16. f. 1. Oed. fl. dan. t. 28. Leaves gla- 

 brous above, villous beneath. Scape clothed with viscid hairs. 

 Flowers disposed in crowded bracteate heads ; bracteas ciliated. 



Pedicels and calyxes clothed with viscid down. Petals white, 

 but becoming reddish as they fade, triple-nerved ; nerves simple. 

 The American specimens of this plant are very variable in 

 habit, and in many instances so closely approach the varieties 

 of some of the preceding species, as hardly to be distinguished. 

 It is therefore most easily to be recognised by its stiff and 

 rigid habit, by the broad permanent petals, which remaining 

 amongst the deep purple capsules form a singular contrast with 

 them. 



Var. j3, laxifldra ; heads of flowers loose, branched. 



Var. 7, tennis (Wahl. fl. lapp. p. 113. Sternb. suppl. 1. p. 

 6.) flowers pedunculated, umbellately panicled. I/. H. Na- 

 tive of Lapland. Lin, fl. lapp. t. 2. f. 5. S. punctata, Rottb. 

 act. hafn. 10. p. 445. t. 10. 



Snowy Saxifrage. Fl. June, July. Britain. PI. \ foot. 



105 S. LONGI'SCAPA (D. Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p. 388.) leaves 

 ovate, serrated, on long petioles ; thyrse of flowers ovate ; seg- 

 ments of the calyx ovate, acute ; petals ovate, hardly longer 

 than the calyx. ]/ . H. Native of Siberia. Leaves hairy. 

 Scape filiform, beset with glandular hairs. Pedicels and calyxes 

 downy. Flowers white. This plant scarcely differs from S. 

 nivalis var. y, tennis. 



Long-scaped Saxifrage. PI. -^ foot. 



106 S. PA'LLIDA (Wall. cat. no. 450.) plant quite glabrous; 

 leaves lanceolate, obtuse, obscurely crenated, petiolate ; bracteas 

 linear ; flowers few, disposed in a loose panicle ; pedicels fili- 

 form, longer than the fruit ; petals obovate, longer than the 

 calyx ; calycine lobes lanceolate, length of tube, each terminated 

 by a sessile gland ? filaments clavate ? capsule rather bladdery, 

 nerved, marked by minute elevated dots ; stigmas sessile, 

 thickish. 1 . F. Native of Nipaul, at Gosaingsthan, Emodi, 

 and Kamaon. 



Pale Saxifrage. PI. | foot. 



107 S. DAHU'RICA (Willd. spec. 3. p. 465.) plant quite gla- 

 brous ; leaves cuneiform, on long petioles, attenuated at the 

 base, coarsely and deeply serrated at the apex ; flowers in loose 

 panicles ; calycine segments ovate, acute ; petals elliptic, acute. 

 I/ . H. Native of Dahuria, on the tops of the Alps, near the 

 limits of perpetual snow. In North America, at Behring's 

 Straits ; alpine rivulets of the Rocky Mountains, Kotzebue's 

 Sound, and Bay of St. Lawrence. Leaves said to be pubescent ; 

 the scape beset with glandular hairs, and the pedicels and calyxes 

 clothed with clammy down. Petals white, marked with 2 yellow 

 spots at the base. The broadly cuneate, or rather flabelliform 

 leaves are very remarkable. 



Dahurian Saxifrage. PI. |- foot. 



SECT. VIII. SAXI'FRAG.K-VE'R.JE (this section contains what are 

 considered the true species of the genus). D. Don, in Lin. 

 trans. 13. p. 345. Dactyloides, Tausch, hort. canal, fasc. 1. 

 D. C. prod. 4. p. 23. Muscaria and Saxifraga, Haw. enum. 

 sax. p. 22-29. Triplinervium, Gaudin, fl. helv. 3. p. 116. 

 Calyx 5-cleft (f. 46. a.), erect, permanent, with the tube adhering 

 to and involving the ovarium (f. 46. b.). Petals sessile, perigynous 

 (f. 46. e.). Stamens perigynous (f. 46. d.) ; filaments flat, gradually 

 attenuated. Stigmas spreading (f. 46. e.), flat, spatulate, bearded 

 with short down. Capsule covered by the calyx (f. 46. b.), and 

 closely adhering to it. Seeds obovate. Perennial rarely annual, 

 humble, densely tufted herbs, for the most part bearing surculi. 

 Leaves alternate, variously parted, rarely simple, usually green ; 

 with the margins neither cartilaginous nor dotted. Stems leafy, 

 few, or many-flowered. Flowers white or yellow, rarely red. 



1. Perennial. Surculi numerous. Leaves undivided, rarely 

 tridentate at the apex. 



108 S. PARNASSIFOLIA (D. Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p. 405.) 

 stem erect, leafy, 3-4-flowered ; leaves cordate, stem-clasping, 



