226 



SAXIFRAGACEjE. I. SAXIFRAGA. II. ERIOGYNIA. III. LEPTARRHENA. 



diffusely branched, furnished with glanduliferous hairs. Stems 

 erect, branched at the base ; brandies elongated, fastigiate. 

 Radical leaves on long petioles, somewhat reniform at the base ; 

 lobes obtuse ; cauline leaves all petiolate : upper cauline leaves 

 undivided, acute at both ends : lower cauline ones tripartite ; 

 lobes acute. Peduncles and calyxes clothed with viscid down. 

 Flowers white, much larger than those of S. tridactylites. Petals 

 triple nerved ; nerves simple. 



Rock Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1752. PI. \ to| ft. 



169 S. TRIDACTYLITES (Lin. spec. 578.) primordial leaves 

 entire, and spatulate : cauline ones quinquefid or trifid ; calyx 

 urn-formed : with very short, obtuse segments ; petals obovate, 

 truncate at the apex. Q. H. Native of Europe, in dry sandy 

 places, and on walls and roofs of houses ; plentiful in Britain. 

 Curt. lond. fasc. 2. t. 28. Smith, engl. bot. t. 501. Sternb. 

 sax. p. 44. t. 17. and in Sturm, deutschl. fl. 33. no. 15. S. 

 annua, Lapeyr. pyr. sax. p. 53. Tridactylites annua, Haw. enum. 

 sax. p. 21. Moris, hist. 3. p. 478. sect. 12. t. 9. f. 31. Stems 

 erect, branched, flexuous, many-flowered, furnished with short 

 glanduliferous hairs. Radical leaves crowded. Petioles ciliated 

 with glands. Peduncles and calyxes clothed with viscid down. 

 Flowers small, white ; petals with 3 simple nerves. 



Var. ft, exllis (Gaudin, fl. helv. 3. p. 116.) leaves all oblong- 

 spatulate; stem simple, few-flowered. O-H. Native of Swit- 

 zerland, Italy, France, &c. S. exilis, Poll, veron. 2. p. 31. 



Three-fngered-leaveA or Wall Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. 

 Britain. PI. | to | foot. 



170 S. CONTRAVE'RSA (Sternb. sax. p. 43. t. 16.) plant beset 

 with glanduliferous viscid hairs ; radical leaves crowded, 3-5- 

 toothed, or sometimes nearly entire ; calycine lobes ovate, 

 shorter than the tube at maturity ; petals obcordate, larger than 

 the calyx ; styles much divaricate, longer than the calyx. O- 

 H. Native of the Alps of Lapland, Norway, Savoy, Carinthia, 

 Piedmont, Dauphiny, Carpathian Mountains, and the Pyrenees. 

 S. tridactylites ft, Lin. spec. ed. 1. p. 404. S. adscendens, Lin. 

 spec. p. 579. mant. p. 884. All. pedem. p. 1537. t. 22. f. 3. 

 Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 1. p. 197. t. 11-12. f. 1-2. S. petrsea, 

 Gunn. norv. p. 427. t. 9. f. 1-3. exclusive of the syn. and 

 descript. of Lin. Fl. dan. t. 680. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 370. S. 

 hypnoides, Scop. earn. 499. t. 16. Gaudin, fl. helv. 3. p. 117. 

 S. Scopolii, Vill. dauph. 4. p. 673. S. petrae'a integrifolia, 

 Gaudin, in Meisn. anz. 1818. p. 67. fl. helv. 3. p. 117. var. ft. 

 S. contraversa a and ft, Ser. in D. C. prod. 4. p. 34. S. tridac- 

 tylites ft, alpicola, D. Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p. 441. Tridac- 

 tylites petrae v a, Haw. enum. sax. p. 22. Flowers corymbose, 

 white, twice the size of those of S. tridactylites. The plant is 

 much larger than S. tridactylites ; the radical leaves more 

 crowded : the cauline ones more numerous, and for the most 

 part 5-toothed. 



Var. ft, liltoralis (Ser. in D. C. prod. 4. p. 34.) plant small, 

 very leafy ; leaves usually quinquefid; petals entire. O- H. 

 In humid places on the banks of Lake Leman, S. petrae a lit- 

 toralis S, Gaudin. fl. helv. 3. p. 117. 



Var. y, Bellardiana (Ser. 1. c.) flowers usually twin, nearly 

 sessile, in the heart of the crenulated leaves. Q. H. S. pe- 

 trae'a, Bellardi, Gaudin. in Meisn. anz. 1818. p. 67. fl. helv. 3. 

 p. 118. S. Bellardi, All. pedem. no. 1356. t. 88. f. 1. Sternb. 

 rev. sax. p. 20. 



Contrary-turned Saxifrage. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1800. Pl.|ft. 



Cult. Saxifraga is a most extensive genus of pretty alpine 

 plants, the greater part of which are well adapted for rockwork, 

 or to be grown on the sides of naked banks to hide the surface. 

 Many of the more rare and tender kinds require to be grown in 

 pots, in light sandy soil, and placed among other alpine plants, 

 so that they may be protected by a frame in winter. The species 

 belonging to sections Micrdnlhes and Hirculus grow best in a 



peat soil, which should be kept rather moist. The species be- 

 longing to the section Porphyreon are so very pretty little plants 

 as to be worth growing in pots for ornament, being clothed with 

 elegant little red flowers early in spring : a mixture of peat and 

 sand suits them well. S. sarmentosa does best in a greenhouse. 

 All the species are easily increased by dividing. S. ligulata, 

 cordifblia, and crassifolia are strong growing plants, well fitted 

 for ornamenting flower-borders. 



II. ERIOGY'NIA (from tpiov, erion, wool, and yvvri, gyne, 

 a female ; in reference to the ovaries being woolly). Hook, in 

 fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 255. t. 88. 



LIN. SYST. Icosandria, Tetra-Hexagynia. Calyx turbinate, 

 5-cleft. Petals 5, hardly unguiculate. Stamens 20, inserted in 

 the mouth of the tube, monadelphous at the base ; anthers 2- 

 celled, roundish. Ovaries 4-6, distinct from the calyx, and from 

 each other, but connected by dense wool. Styles elongated, 

 deciduous, filiform. Carpels 4-6, distinct, oblong, acute, re- 

 curved at the apex, opening lengthwise inside. Seeds dust- 

 formed, pendulous, inserted towards the tops of the valves at 

 the margins. Albumen wanting. A perennial herb, native of 

 North America, with the habit almost of Saxifraga cerato- 

 phylla ; stoloniferous. Leaves very stiff, coriaceous, 1-nerved, 

 quite glabrous, trifid ; segments trifid or quadrifid : lobules 

 linear. Flowers white, disposed in racemes, for the most part 

 bracteate ; pedicels 1 -flowered. 



1 E. PECTINA'TA (Hook. 1. c.). l.II. Native of Behring's 

 Straits ; height of land upon the Rocky Mountains, on the west 

 side, near the sources of the Columbia. Saxifraga pectinata, 

 Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 312. Sterile stems tufted, decum- 

 bent, stiff 1 , stoloniferous. Lower leaves rosulate, with 3 trifid 

 segments : lower cauline ones with 3 bifid segments : upper 

 cauline ones or bracteas trifid. 



Pectinated-leaved Eriogynia. PI. ^ foot. 



Cult. This is a beautiful alpine plant. It should be grown 

 in pots, in a mixture of peat and sand ; and will be easily in- . 

 creased by dividing, or by cuttings. 



III. LEPTARRHE'NA (from \tirroe, leptos, slender, and 

 apprjv, arrhen, strong ; plant strong and slender). R. Br. in 

 chlam. melv. p. 15. append, to Parry's 1st voy. p. 273. D. C. 

 prod. 4. p. 48. Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 256. t. 89. 



LIN. SYST. Decandria, Digynia. Calyx campanulate, short, 

 5-cleft (f. 47. a.), with a broad tube. Stamens 10, inserted in 

 the throat of the tube; anthers 1 -celled (f. 47. c.), 2-valved. 

 Petals 5 (f. 47. fc.), linear, Ovaries 2 (f. 47. e.}, free, tapering 

 into the styles, which are permanent. Stigmas obtuse. Carpella 

 2, opening lengthwise on the inside (f. 47. d.). Seeds scobiform, 

 erect, inserted in the margins of the valves. Herbs with a habit 



between Pyrola and those species 

 of Saxifraga belonging to section 

 Micrdnlhes; inhabitants of cold 

 places of North America. Scapes 

 naked. Flowers disposed in ra- 

 cemose panicles. Leaves coria- 

 ceous, permanent, entire, coarsely 

 serrated ; petioles broad and 

 sheathing. 



1 L. PYROLIFOLIA (R. Br. in 

 Parry's 1st voy. append, p. 273. 

 Hook. I.e.). l/.H. Native of 

 the Island of Unalaschka, Beh- 

 riiii;'s Straits, height of land on 

 the west side of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains, in lat. 52. L. amplexi- 



FIG. 47. 



