SAXIFRAGACE^:. III. LEPTARRHENA. IV. CHRYSOSPIENIUM. V. MITELLA. 



227 



FIG. 48. 



folia, Ser. in D. C. prod. 4. p. 48. Saxifraga pyrolifdlia, D. 

 Don, in Lin. trans. 13. p. 389. Saxifraga amplexifolia, Sternb. 

 rev. sax. suppl. p. 2. t. 2. Saxifraga micrantha and S. coriacea, 

 Fisch. mss. Root rather fusiform, fibrous. Sterns ascending, 

 simple, or branched at the base, leafy. Leaves elliptic, green 

 and shining above but pale beneath ; petioles channelled, a little 

 ciliated. Scape a span to a foot high, furnished each with 2 

 oblong, obtuse scales, pubescent above. Racemes compound, 

 somewhat corymbosely panicled. Flowers small, inconspicuous. 



Pyrola-leaved Leptarrhena. PI. -| to 1 foot. 



Cult. See Eriogynia above for culture and propagation. 



IV. CHRYSOSPLENIUM (from xp<"">f. chrysos, gold, and 

 aTt\riv, splen, the spleen ; in reference to the golden colour of 

 the flowers, and the supposed virtue of the plant in diseases of 

 the spleen). Tourn. inst. t. 60. Lin. gen. 558. Gaertn. fruct. 

 1. p. 208. t. 44. f. 7. D. C.prod. 4. p. 48. 



LIN. SYST. Octo-Decdndria, Digynia. Tube of calyx ad- 

 hering to the ovarium ; limb 4-5-lobed (f. 48. a.) : lobes obtuse. 

 Stamens 8-10, alternating with the sepals, and opposite them. 

 Styles 2. Capsule birostrate (f. 48. c. d.\ ,2-valved, at length 

 1 -celled, many-seeded. Seeds very smooth, inserted towards 

 the bottom of the capsule. Perennial herbs. Leaves thickish, 

 simple, petiolate, toothed. Flowers somewhat corymbose, yellow. 



1 C. ALTERNiFOLiUM(Lin. spec. 

 569.) leaves alternate, reniformly 

 cordate, crenately lobed ; flowers 

 corymbose, dichotomous. 1. H. 

 Native of Europe, in moist shady 

 places, and by the borders of 

 shady rivulets, in Siberia and 

 North America ; in the woody 

 and principally the barren coun- 

 try of British North America; to 

 the extreme Arctic Islands, and 

 on the Rocky Mountains ; also in 

 Kotzebue's Sound. In many 

 parts of the north of England, 

 but not so common as C. oppo- 

 sitif olium, as in Yorkshire, Port- 

 land Heath, near Norwich, in 



Worcestershire ; and in lowlands of Scotland. Smith, engl. 

 bot. t. 54. Fl. dan. t. 366. Moris, hist. p. 477. sect. 12. t. 

 8. f. 8. Stems usually 3-cornered. Flowers yellow. Roots 

 having offsets, but not creeping. 



Far. /3, Sibiricum (Ser. in D. C. prod. 4. p. 48.) stems and 

 leaves smaller, y. . H. Native of Siberia, about the Baical, 

 and of Dahuria. C. Sibiricum, Steph.? ex Fisch. in litt. 



Alternate-leaved Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. Brit. 

 PL - foot. 



2 C. OVALIF6L1UM (Bieb. herb, ex Led. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 404. 

 fl. alt. 2. p. 11 5.) stems with many scattered leaves ; leaves ovate- 

 orbicular or elliptic, tapering into the petiole, crenately serrated 

 or entire ; corymb dichotomous, loose. I/. H. Native of the 

 Altaian region. Root creeping. Stem pilose below. Flowers 

 yellow, solitary in the forks of the corymb. 



Oval-leaved Golden Saxifrage. FL April, May. PI. -j foot. 



3 C. OPPOSITIFOLIUM (Lin. spec. p. 569.) floriferous stems 

 erect ; leaves opposite, reniformly sub-cuneated, crenated ; 

 flowers corymbose. 7/ . H. Native of Europe and America, 

 in moist shady places, and by the sides of rivulets. In Britain, 

 in many places, in like situations. Curt. lond. 2. t. 27. Smith, 

 engl. bot. 490. Gsertn. fruct. 1. t. 44. f. 7. Oed. fl. dan. t. 

 365. Root creeping. Stems quadrangular. Flowers yellow. 



Far. ft, Scouleri (Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 242.) leaves pro- 



foundly crenately serrated, y.. H. Native of the north-west 

 coast of America, on the banks of the Columbia river. 



Opposite-leaved Golden Saxifrage. Fl. Apr. May. Brit. PI Jft. 



4 C. AMERICA'NUM (Schweinitz, mss. Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. 

 p. 242.) stems slender, decumbent, loose, dichotomous at the 

 apex ; leaves opposite, roundish-cordate, obscurely and crenately 

 lobed ; flowers axillary, distant. 2/ . H. Native of Canada, 

 Lake Huron, Saskatchawan, and other parts of North America. 

 C. oppositif olium, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 269. and other 

 American botanists. Flowering branches never forming co- 

 rymbs, but lengthened out and bearing distant small leaves and 

 solitary flowers in the axils. 



American Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April, May. Clt. ? PI. pr. 



5 C. DU'BIUM (Gay, ex Gaud, in herb. D. C. and prod. 4. p. 

 48.) leaves opposite, ovate, bluntly serrated. I/ . H. Native 

 of Calabria. Flowers yellow. 



Doubtful Golden Saxifrage. Fl. April. PI. foot. 



6 C. NIPAULE'NSE (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 210.) leaves 

 opposite, orbicularly subcordate, crenately serrated, glabrous. 

 I/. H. Native of the Alps of Nipaul. Very nearly allied to 



C. oppositif olium, but differs in the leaves being more reniform, 

 less manifestly crenated, and in the seeds being opaque, not 

 shining. Leaves like those of Betula nana, but membranous. 

 Flowers yellow. 



Nipaul Golden Saxifrage. Fl. Apr. Ma. Clt. 1820. PL Jft. 



7 C. NUDICAU'LE (Bunge, in Led. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 405.) cau- 

 line leaves wanting : radical ones reniformly orbicular, and are 

 as well as the floral ones, which are reniform, petiolate, and 

 deeply lobed ; flowers densely glomerate. 2. H. Native of 

 Altaia, near springs at the foot of the Alps, about Chasin, near 

 Tschetchulicha, at the river Tscharysch. Root creeping, fur- 

 nished with thick brown fibres. Plant quite glabrous, except 

 sometimes on the under side of the leaves. Flowers greenish, 

 much larger than those of C. alternif olium. 



Naked-stemmed Golden Saxifrage. PI. -| to \ foot. 



8 C. KAMTSCHA'TICUM (Fisch. in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 48.) 

 stems erect, nearly naked, 2-leaved, the rest crowded near the 

 flowers, cuneate, obtuse, somewhat crenated, glabrous. !. H. 

 Native of Kamtschatka. 



Kamtschatka Golden Saxifrage. PL \ foot. 



Cult. A moist shaded situation is the best for the species of 

 Chrysosplenium, as under the shade of trees or bushes, or behind 

 a north wall ; and they thrive best in peat soil. Easily propa- 

 gated by dividing. 



V. MITE'LLA (a diminutive of mitra, a mitre ; the form of 

 the fruit being somewhat like a mitre). Tourn. inst. 126. Lin. 

 gen. 561. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 208. t. 44. f. 6. Lam. ill. t. 373. 



D. C. prod. 4. p. 49. 



LIN. SYST. Decdndria, Digynia. Calyx campanulate, 5- 

 lobed, rather adnate to the base of the ovarium. Petals 5, in- 

 serted in the calyx, jagged or toothed, longer than the calyx. 

 Stamens 10. Styles 2, short, joined together in one ; stigmas 

 hardly distinct. Capsule 1 -celled, 2-valved, adhering to the 

 base of the calyx a little way. Seeds numerous, erect, in the 

 bottom of the capsule. Perennial herbs. Leaves petiolate, 

 cordate, mostly radical. Flowers on short pedicels, disposed in 

 loose terminal racemes, white or red. 



1 M. DIPHY'LIA (Lin. spec. p. 580.) radical leaves cordate, 

 somewhat 3 or 5-lobed, dentately serrated, on long petioles; 

 cauline leaves 2, opposite, smaller, and nearly sessile ; capsule 

 joined with the calyx only at the base ; petals pinnatifidly fringed. 

 1i. H. Native of North America, in the United States"; and 

 Canada, about Quebec, Lake Huron, &c. Lam. ill. t. 373. f. 1. 

 Gartn.. fruct. 1. t. 44. f. 6. Schkuhr, handb. t. 120. Ker. 

 bot. reg. t. 166. Mentz. pug. t. 10. Flowers white. 



Gg2 



