SAXIFRAGACE^E. VIII. TIARELLA. IX. ASTILBE. X. HEUCHERA. 



229 



branous, 2-valved ; valves unequal, opening between the styles 

 (one of the valves or carpels usually abortive). Seeds fixed to 

 the bottom of the capsule, along the margins of the carpels or 

 valves. Perennial herbs, with the habit of Milella. Stems 

 erect, naked, or few-leaved. Leaves for the most part radical, 

 petiolate. Racemes terminal, simple ; flowers distant, pedicel- 

 late : pedicels incurvedly pendulous when bearing the fruit. A 

 very heterogeneous genus, which may probably be hereafter 

 divided. 



1. Leaves simple. 



1 T. CORDIFOLIA (Lin. spec. p. .580.) stems leafless; stolons 

 creeping ; leaves cordate, acute, deeply lobed, serrated : teeth 

 mucronate; racemes simple. If.H. Native of Canada, about 

 Montreal; and also of the north of Asia. Sims, bot. mag. 1589. 

 Lam. ill. t. 373. f. 1. Flowers white. Habit of Milella eft- 

 phylla. 



Cordate-leaved Tiarella. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1731. PI. f ft. 



2 T. UNIFOLIA'TA (Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 238. t. 81.) 

 plant smoothish ; stems furnished with one leaf; leaves all pe- 

 tiolate, triangularly cordate, bluntly toothed : teeth mucronate ; 

 panicle loose ; flowers drooping ; calyx campanulate ; petals 

 abortive. If. H. Native of North America, on the height of 

 land on the Rocky Mountains, near the source of the Columbia, 

 and at Portage river. Stems rather pubescent above. Leaves 

 3-5-lobed ; lobes acutely toothed. This species has much the 

 habit of Heuchera glabra, and is probably a decandrous species 

 of that genus. The petals, if any exist, must be very fuga- 

 cious, as none has been seen. 



One-leaved Tiarella. PI. 1 foot. 



3 T. MENZIE'SII (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 313.) leaves 

 oval-cordate, acute, toothed : cauline ones alternate, distant ; 

 racemes filiform, somewhat spicate ; calyx tubular. 3f. H. Na- 

 tive of the north-west coast of America. 



Menxies's Tiarella. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1812. PI. 1 foot. 



4 T. ALTERNIFOLIA (Fisch. in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 59.) 

 stem leafy ; lower leaves cordate : upper ones truncate at the 

 base, all having 5-7 short lobes, and these lobes are lobed again, 

 sharply and coarsely toothed ; lobes of calyx oblong, erect, 3f . 

 H. Native of the north of Asia, in the island of Sitka. Radical 

 leaves on long, upper ones on short petioles. Flowers twice the 

 size of those of T. polyphylla. 



Alternate-leaved Tiarella. PL 1 foot. 



5 T. POLYFHY'LLA (D. Don, fl. nep. p. 210.) stem furnished 

 with 3 leaves, beset with glandular hairs ; leaves cordate, 3-5- 

 lobed, sharply serrated, pilose on both surfaces ; lobes of calyx 

 lanceolate, mucronate, pressed to the fruit ; racemes loose. }/ . 

 F. Native of Nipaul. Habit of T. cordifblia or Mitella di- 

 phylla. Racemes many flowered. Fruit pendulous. 



Many-leaded Tiarella. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1820. PL J 

 to 1 foot. 



2. Leaves compound Bldndia, Neck. elem. 2. p. 115. 



6 T. TRIFOLIA'TA (Lin. amoen. acad. 2. p. 351. spec. p. 580.) 

 stem furnished with 1 or 2 leaves, rarely naked ; leaves all tri- 

 foliate : leaflets rhomboid-ovate, deeply toothed : teeth mucro- 

 nate ; panicle loose ; flowers drooping ; calyx small, campanu- 

 late ; petals obovate, lanceolate. "H., H. Native of the north 

 of Asia, and the north-west coast of America ; common on the 

 coast, and on the Rocky Mountains, on the west side of the 

 ridge. The specimens from the Rocky Mountains are glabrous, 

 and many of those from the coast, while others are more or less 

 pubescent. Two panicles are often produced on the same stem. 



Trifoliate Tiarella. PL 1 foot. 



7 T. LACINIA'TA (Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 239. t. 77.) plant 

 rough and hairy ; stems usually furnished with 3 leaves ; leaves 



trifoliate : middle leaflet trifid : lateral ones bifid, all broadly 

 lanceolate, and pinnatifidly jagged ; panicle loose ; flowers 

 drooping ; calyx short, campanulate ; petals wanting ? if. . H. 

 Native of the north-west coast of America. Roots rather hori- 

 zontal. The petals, if any, must be very fugacious, as none 

 have been seen. 



Jagged-\enved Tiarella. PL ^ to 1 foot. 



8 T. STENOPE'TALA (Presl, in reliq. Haenk. 2. p. 45.) stems 

 1-leaved, and are, as well as the branches, clothed with glandular 

 pubescence ; radical leaves unknown : cauline one trifoliate : 

 leaflets glabrous, deeply lobed, mucronately toothed, acute : 

 lateral leaflets obliquely ovate, middle one acute at the base ; 

 petals subulate, very narrow ; capsules erect, dotted. I/ . H. 

 Native of Nootka Sound. Panicle many flowered. 



Narron-petalkd Tiarella. PL 1 foot ? 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Mitella, p. 228. 



IX. ASTI'LBE (a. priv. and ortX/fy, stilbe, brightness ; plants 

 opaque). Hamilt. in D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 210. D. C. prod. 

 4. p. 51. 



LIN. SYST. Octo-Decdndria, Digynia. Calyx deeply 4-5- 

 parted, coloured ; segments oval, obtuse, concave. Petals want- 

 ing. Stamens 8-10, opposite the calycine lobes ; filaments su- 

 bulate ; anthers spherical, 2-celled. Styles 2 ; stigmas 2, trun- 

 cate, pruinose. Capsule superior, birostrate, many seeded. 

 Perennial robust pilose herbs, with the appearance of Spirce'a 

 Aruncus, inhabiting the banks of rivulets. Leaves large, biter- 

 nate ; leaflets coarsely serrated ; petioles much dilated at the 

 base. Flowers small, of a greenish yellow-colour, in spicate 

 racemes, which are disposed in panicles. 



1 A. RIVULA'RIS (Hamilt. 1. c.) flowers 4-cleft, octandrous ; 

 leaves biternate ; leaflets ovate, doubly serrated, villous beneath, 

 and on the petioles. If. H. Native of Nipaul, at Narainhetty. 

 Bracteas usually jagged at the apex. 



Rivulet Astilbe. PL 3 feet. 



2 A. DECA'NDRA (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 211.) flowers 5- 

 cleft, decandrous ; leaves biternate ; leaflets cordate, deeply 

 lobed and serrated, beset with glandular pili beneath, and on the 

 petioles. 2 . H. Native of North America. Tiarella biter- 

 nata, Vent. malm. t. 54. The petals are said to be 5, and 

 linear, in this plant, not as in the first species wanting. Leaflets 

 ovate, broadly and bluntly serrated. 



Decandrous Astilbe. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1812. PL 2 to 3 ft. 

 Cult. For culture and propagation see Heuchera, p. 231. 



2. Stamens equal in number to the petals, or sometimes 

 fewer, alternating with the petals. 



X. HEUCHE'RA (in honour of John Henry de Heucher, 

 once professor of medicine at Witterberg ; author of Hortus 

 VVitterbergensis, 1711-1713.). Lin. gen. p. 320. Gasrtn. fruct. 1. 

 p. 177. t. 36. f. 2. Lam. ill. t. 184. f. 3. D. C. prod. 4. p. 51. 

 Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 235. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Calyx permanent, 5-cleft 

 (f. 51. 6.), imbricate in aestivation. Petals undivided (f. 51. a.), 

 nearly equal. Stamens 5. Styles 2 (f. 5 1 . e.), very long, dis- 

 tinct, length of stamens : when young approximate and almost 

 concrete, but afterwards diverging. Capsule crowned by the 

 dry calyx, and adnate to it at the base, opening between the 

 styles (f. 51. rf.), 1-celled; placentas 2, adnate, many seeded. 

 Seeds rough from dots or wrinkled. Herbs. Leaves mostly 

 radical, palmately lobed, toothed. Stems mostly leafless. Flowers 

 panicled or racemose. 



1 H. AMERICA'NA (Lin. spec. 328.) plant clothed with clammy 

 pubescence, scapes and leaves roughish ; leaves on long petioles, 

 somewhat 5-7-lobed, toothed ; thyrse elongated, panicled ; caly- 

 cine lobes short, obtuse ; petals lanceolate, length of the calyx ; 



