268 



UMBELLIFER.E. XXXI. ERYNGIUM. 



<Sm'ous-petioled Eryngo. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



10 E. GLOMERA'TUM (Lam. diet. 4. p. ?55.)leavesbipinnatifid ; 

 lobes linear, very stiff, divaricate; heads of flowers small, col- 

 lected into a thyrse ; flowers small ; leaves of involucrum much 

 longer than the head of flowers, and are as well as the paleae 

 nearly entire, and spinose. 2.H. Native of Crete. Laroch. 

 eryng. p. 29. t. 6. Tratt. arch. t. 760. E. parviflorum, Smith, 

 prod. fl. graec. I., p. 175. Herb white, densely beset with 

 leaves. Perhaps the E. glomeralum, Sieb. herb, crete, which 

 he gathered at the foot of Mount Ida, is the same, but it differs 

 from the figure given by Laroche, in the heads of flowers being 

 disposed in a corymb, in the lobes of the leaves being broader, 

 and in the leaves of the involucrum being furnished with a spine- 

 like subulate divaricate tooth on each side. 



(7/omera/e-headed Eryngo. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1826. PI. 1 ft. 



HE. ROSTRA'TUM (Cav. icon. 6. t. 552.) radical leaves long, 

 lanceolate : outer ones spiny-ciliated : inner ones pinnatifid ; 

 stems a little branched ; leaves of involucrum entire, rather 

 shorter than the head of flowers, which is globose ; palese among 

 the flowers, entire : upper palese ending in a horn each, much 

 longer than the flowers. I/ . H. Native of Chili, at Talcahuano, 

 Conception, &c. Laroch. eryng. p. 29. This species is inter- 

 mediate between the section Ramosinervia and Parallelinervia. 



Beaked-scaleA Eryngo. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 



12 E. COMO'SUM (Laroch. eryng. p. 30. t. 7.) radical leaves 

 bipinnatifid ; lobes linear, winged ; stem dichotomou,s at the 

 apex, bearing many heads ; leaves of involucrum 5-6, trifid, 

 longer than the head of flowers, which is ovate ; paleae among 

 the flowers simple : upper paleae spiny-toothed, drawn out into 

 a tuft. If. F. Native of Mexico, in temperate p'aces be- 

 tween Rio Sacra and Tolucco. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 

 5. p. 30. Flowers blue? 



Tufted-sca]ed Eryngo. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1818. PI. |to 1 ft. 



13 E. CRE'TICUM (Lam. diet. 4. p. 754.) cauline leaves almost 

 pinnatifid ; lobes lanceolate, spinose, ciliately toothed at the 

 base; stems much branched at the apex, divaricate; leaves of 

 involucrum 5, lanceolate-subulate, bearing 1-2 spiny teeth on 

 each side, much longer than the head of flowers, which is 

 roundish; paleae among the flowers, tricuspidate. If . H. Na- 

 tive of the islands of Candia, Samos, and in all the islands of the 

 Archipelago ; frequent. Laroch. eryng. p. 30. t. 80. D'Urv. 

 enum. 29. Sieb. herb. cret. E. cy&neum, Sibth. fl. graec. t. 

 258. prod. 1. p. 175. Tratt. tab. t. 350. Stems and heads 

 of flowers of an amethyst colour. Floriferous branches elon- 

 gated, or short and crowded. 



Cretan Eryngo. PI. 1 to 1| foot. 



14 E. MULTI'PIDUM (Sibth. et Smith, fl. grsec. t. 259. prod. 1. 

 p. 175.) leaves all bipinnatifid, somewhat lyrate, and palmate- 

 parted at the apex; lobes deeply lobed ; stems corymbose, co- 

 loured at the top ; leaves of involucrum linear-lanceolate, pin- 

 natifid, or nearly entire, exceeding the head of flowers, which is 

 ovate; paleaa among the flowers, entire. If.H. Native of the 

 hills of the Morea and Sicily. E. alpinum, elatius, &c. Cup. 

 pamph. 1. t. 29. Guss. prod. fl. sic. 1. p. 305. Top of stem 

 and heads of flowers blue. Allied to E. amethystimtm and E. 

 Creticum. 



Multifd Eryngo. PI. 2 feet. 



15 E. OVI^NUM (Cunning, in Field's new south wales, p. 358.) 

 stems erect, furrowed, dichotomous ; leaves bipinnatifid ; lobes 

 linear, stiff, spinose, divaricate ; heads of flowers spherical, pe- 

 dunculate ; leaves of involucrum linear, mucronate, stiff. If. . G. 

 Native of New Holland, near Bathurst. Flowers white. The 

 plant when young is much sought after by sheep. 



Sheep Eryngo. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1824. PI. l| foot. 

 * * Limbs of radical leaves cordate at the base, undivided, or 

 a little lobed. 



16 E. MARI'TIMUM (C. Bauh.pin. p. 386. Lin. spec. p. 337.) 

 leaves of a whitish glaucous hue, coriaceous ; radical leaves on 

 long petioles, roundish, cordate, spiny-toothed : superior ones 

 stem-clasping, palmately lobed ; leaves of involucrum 5-7, ovate, 

 spiny-toothed, exceeding the head of flowers, which is roundish; 

 paleae among the flowers, tricuspidate, about equal in length to 

 the calyxes. 7/ . H. Native throughout Europe, among the 

 sand along the sea-shore ; and on both sides of the Mediter- 

 ranean Sea. It is to be found plentiful in some parts of Bri- 

 tain, on the sea-shore. Oed. fl. dan. t. 718. Tratt. arch. t. 

 209. Woodv. med. bot. t. 102. Smith, engl. bot. t. 718. 

 Roots creeping. Flowers very pale blue. By English writers 

 the Sea eryngo has been called sea holly, sea hulver, and sea 

 holme. The young flowering shoots oi the plant, eaten like 

 asparagus, are very nourishing, according to Linnaeus. The 

 leaves are sweetish, with a slight aromatic warm pungency. The 

 roots are supposed to have the same aphrodisiacal virtues as the 

 O'rchis tribe. They are kept in the shops candied, and are still 

 regarded by the Arabs as an excellent restorative. Eryngo 

 roots were first candied at Colchester about the beginning of the 

 17th century by Robert Buxton, apothecary. His apprentice, 

 Samuel Great, continued this business" and it has ever since been 

 carried on by the posterity of the latter. Morant's Colchester, 

 p. 92. 



Sea Eryngo or Holly. Fl. July, Oct. Brit. PI. 1 to 1| ft. 



17 E. OLIVERIA'NUM (Laroch. eryng. p. 37. t. 12.) radical 

 leaves on long petioles, roundish cordate ; lower cauline leaves 

 petiolate, 3-lobed, and deeply toothed : upper cauline ones stem- 

 clasping, 3-parted, and cut; leaves of involucrum 10-12, lan- 

 ceolate, stiff, having 5-6 teeth on each side, which are more 

 crowded towards the base, exceeding the head of flowers; paleae 

 among the flowers, tricuspidate, and entire. Tf . H. Native of 

 the Levant. E. alpinum y, Schultes, syst. 6. p. 323. Heads of 

 flowers blue. Nearly allied to E. alpinum, but is constant to its 

 characters, even in cultivation : it differs from it in the radical 

 leaves being much less cordate, in the lower ones being more 

 dissected, and in the leaves of the involucrum being stiff, and 

 having fewer teeth. The colour of the herb is green. 



Oliver's Eryngo. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



18 E. GIGANTE'UM (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 201.) radical leaves 

 on long petioles, profoundly cordate, crenate-toothed ; cauline 

 leaves stem-clasping, deeply lobed, spiny-serrated ; leaves of 

 involucrum 8-9, large, ovate-lanceolate, deeply spiny-ser- 

 rated, longer than the head of flowers, which is ovate ; 

 paleae among the flowers tricuspidate. 11 . H. Native of the 

 Alps of Caucasus, Armenia, and Iberia. E. glaucum, Willd. 

 herb, ex Stev. in litt. E. asperifblium, Laroch. eryng. p. 36. 

 t. 11. Poir. suppl. 3. p. 289. Tratt. arch. t. 355. Stem di- 

 chotomously branched, 3-4 feet high, blue at the top as well as 

 the heads of flowers. Lower leaves roughish, pubescent or 

 glabrous beneath, reticulated with anastomosing nerves. 



Giant Eryngo. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 



19 E. ALPINUM (Lin. spec. p. 337.) radical and lower cauline 

 leaves on long petioles, deeply cordate, serrate-toothed : upper 

 cauline leaves palmately lobed, ciliately serrated ; serratures 

 spinulose ; leaves of involucrum 10-20, rather soft, a little longer 

 than the head of flowers, pinnatifidly serrated, having 12-15 

 cilia-formed serratures on each side : and with the lower serra- 

 tures pinnatifid ; paleae among the flowers tricuspidate or entire. 

 l/.H. Native of Switzerland, Piedmont, Germany, Croatia, 

 Carniola, &c. in alpine pastures. Jacq. icon. rar. 1. t. 55. 

 Sims, bot. mag. t. 922. Tratt. arch. t. 205. Involucrum along 

 with the upper part of the herb and the flowers are of a beau- 

 tiful blue colour ; but there is also a variety which is white in 

 the last-mentioned parts : and another which has the paleae 

 among the flowers pinnatifid. Herb green. 



