272 



UMBELLIFERjE. XXXI. ERYNGIUM. 



subulate, hardly different from the palese. If. . G. Native of 

 the south of Brazil. Stem fistular at the base. 

 Bundle-flowered Eryngo. PI. 1 foot. 



58 E. AROMA'TICUM (Baldw. in Ell. sketch. 1. p. 344.) leaves 

 cuspidate, pinnate, trifid at the apex, with cartilaginous mar- 

 gins ; stem leafy, bearing many heads, corymbose ; leaves of 

 involucrum 5, trifid, about equal in length to the head of flowers ; 

 palese tricuspidate. If. . H. Native of Florida, in dry pine 

 woods. Stems 9-10 inches high, numerous. Root aromatic. 



^roma/t'c-rooted Eryngo. PI. 1 foot. 



59 E. FOZ'TIDUM (Lin. spec. p. 336. exclusive of the syn. of 

 Gron.) radical leaves lanceolate, bluntish, attenuated at the base, 

 spinulosely serrated ; floral leaves palmate-parted, sessile ; heads 

 nearly sessile, cylindrical ; leaves of involucrum lanceolate, 

 spiny-serrated, much longer than the heads ; paleae among the 

 flowers entire. 1. S. Native of Jamaica, Cayenne, Deme- 

 rara, Florida, Brazil, &c. in fields and woods. Laroch. eryng. 

 p. 50. Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 163. Sloane, hist. 1. t. 156. 

 f. 3-4. Herm. lugd. t. 237. Plant with an ungrateful odour 

 when bruised. Flowers white. Calyx ornamented with round- 

 ish vesicles, not scales. The radical leaves are sometimes trifid 

 at the apex in the plants we have seen growing in Brazil. The 

 plant named E. fce'tidum by Ucria, a native of Sicily, is pro- 

 bably distinct from this. All parts of the plant are reckoned 

 very powerful antihysterics, and much used by the negroes and 

 poorer whites on all occasions of that nature, whence they call 

 hjllmeed. It is chiefly administered in decoctions or infusions. 



Fetid Eryngo. Fl. Aug. Oct. Clt. 1714. PI. 1 foot. 



60 E. H^E'NKEI (Presl, in herb. Htenke, ex D. C. prod. 4. 

 p. 94.) radical leaves lanceolate, 1-nerved, obtuse, attenuated at 

 the base, furnished with spiny serratures from the base to the 

 apexs cauline leaves pinnatifidly serrated, palmately lobed at 

 the apex : floral ones short, half stem-clasping ; cymes twice 

 forked; heads terminal, roundish; leaves of involucrum 5, 

 much longer than the head of flowers, lanceolate-subulate, en- 

 tire. 2. G. Native of Mexico, in grassy places towards 

 Jalapa. E. Schiedeanum, Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 5. p. 

 206. Habit of E. pusillum on the one hand, and of E, fce'tidum 

 or E. virgatum on the other. 



Hcenke's Eryngo. PI. 1 to 3 feet. 



61 E. VIRGA'TUM (Lam. diet. 4. p. 757.) leaves all on very 

 short petioles, ovate, toothed : lower ones hardly subcordate at 

 the base ; stem very simple, but branched divaricately at the 

 apex ; leaves of involucrum 6-7, linear, furnished with 1 tooth 

 on each side, exceeding the head of flowers, which is globose ; 

 paleae among the flowers tricuspidate. !{.. H. Native of North 

 America, in New Jersey, Carolina, and Georgia, in moist mea- 

 dows and woods. Laroch. eryng. p. 40. t. 20. Tratt. arch, 

 t. 781. E. ovalifolium, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 165. 

 Flowers pale blue ? 



1 n '8gy Eryngo. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1810. PI. 1 foot. 



62 E. VIRGINIA'NUM (Lam. diet. 3. p. 759.) leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, a little serrated ; leaves of involucrum 7-8, longer 

 than the head of flowers, entire or trifid ; paleae among the 

 flowers tricuspidate. $ . H. Native of North America, in 

 pastures, by the sides of rivers, and in marshes which are inun- 

 dated by the sea. Laroch. eryng. p. 48. t. 19. Tratt. arch, 

 t. 782. Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 189. E. aquaticum, Michx. 

 fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 163. E. aquaticum fl, Lin. spec. p. 336. 

 Pluk. aim. t. 396. f. 3. Stem fistular. Heads of flowers pale 

 blue. 



Virginian Eryngo. Fl. Jul. Sept. Clt. ? PI. 2 feet. 



63 E. MICROCE'PHALUM (Willd. herb. no. 5558. Spreng. 

 syst. 1. p. 871.) radical leaves oblong, glaucescent beneath, with 

 cartilaginously crenated margins, having the recesses between the 

 crenae glandular ; cauline leaves very few ; peduncles elongated, 



naked ; leaves of involucrum with cartilaginous margins, lan- 

 ceolate, ending in spiny points, shorter than the head of flowers, 

 which is small. I/ . G. Native of South America, according 

 to Humb. trav. but the particular place is unknown. Leaves 1^ 

 inches long, and 5-6 lines broad. Heads 3 lines in diameter. 

 Palese not different from the leaves of the involucrum, unless 

 that they are smaller, longer, and terminated by a mucrone, but 

 without the cartilaginous margins. 

 Small-headed Eryngo. PI. 1 foot. 



64 E. DEPRE'SSUM (Hook, et Arn. 1. c. 3. p. 351.) plant stem- 

 less ; radical leaves linear-oblong, spatulate, spiny-toothed, 

 having the nerves in the limb branched, with the branches di- 

 verging ; branches of stem tufted, diffuse, dichotomous, nu- 

 merous from the neck of the plant ; heads of flowers termin- 

 ating the branches, and in the forks ; leaves of involucrum and 

 paleas subulate, about equal, spiny, and entire, or furnished with 

 a short spine on each side at the middle, much exceeding the 

 flowers, which are sessile. O- H. Native of Chiloe ; and of 

 Chili, near Valparaiso, in Vina de la Mar. 



far. a, rigidum (Hook, et Arn. 1. c.) branches stiff, foilit^^f 

 little, about equal in length to the leaves. 



Var. fl, flaccidum (Hook, et Arn. 1. c.) branches elongated, . 

 slender, trichotomously divided. Chili at Valparaiso and Casa 

 Blanca. 



Depressed Eryngo. PI, ^ foot. 



65 E. ANOMALUM (Hook, et Arn. in bot. misc. '3. p. 350.) 

 root simple; leaves coarsely serrate- toothed at the apex : radical 

 ones roundish, cuneated at the base, petiolate : upper cauline 

 ones cuneated ; heads on short peduncles ; leaves of involucrum 

 and chaff" about equal, oblong, spiny-mucronate, quite entire, 

 much exceeding the flowers, which are sessile ; fruit papillose 

 from vesicles. Q. H. Native of Chili, about Valparaiso. - 

 The fruit and the paleae among the flowers has induced the 

 authors to refer this plant to Eryngium, to which its appearance 

 is altogether foreign. 



Anomalous Eryngo. PL |- to 1 foot. 



2. Parallelincrvia (from parallelus, parallel, and nervus, a 

 nerve; nerves of'leaves parallel). D. C. prod. 4. p. 95. Nerves 

 of radical leaves parallel and longitudinal. Leaves narrow, and 

 probably reduced to the dilated petioles. 



66 E. AQUA'TICUM (Lin. spec. 336. var. a. exclusive of the 

 syn. of Gron.) leaves broadly linear, with parallel nerves, re- 

 motely spiny-ciliated : lower leaves rather ensiform : floral ones 

 lanceolate, toothed ; leaves of involucrum 8-9, shorter than the 

 head of flowers, which is globose, and are as well as the paleae 

 entire ; stems dichotomous. I/ . H. Native of North- America, 

 from Pennsylvania to Virginia; also of the Society Islands, 

 California, and Buent>s Ayres, in marshes, inundated pastures, 

 and on the banks of rivers. Jacq. icon. rar. t. 347. . Laroch. 

 eryng. p. 5. Ker'. bot. reg. t. 372. E. yuccaefolium, Michx. 

 fl. bor. lr*p. 164. Pluk. aim. t. 975. f. 4. Mor. ox. 3. pt 167. 

 sect. 7. t. 37. f. 21. Stem erect, 2-3 feet high, terete, simple 

 below. Flowers white, or very pale blue. In North America 

 the plant is called Rattlc-snake-rveed, from its use in curing the 

 bite of that venomous reptile. 



Aquatic Eryngo. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1699. PI. 2 to 3 it 



67 E. LONGIFOLIUM (Cav. ann. 2. p. 133. icon. 6. t. ^5!?.) 

 leaves broadly linear, with parallel nerves, remotely spiny-cili- 

 ated ; stem many times forked ; leaves under the branches op- 

 posite, very short, 3-5-cleft ; leaves of involucrum 10, deflexed, 

 lanceolate, rather shorter than the head of flowers, which is 

 nearly globose ; palese entire, exceeding the flowers. I/ . G. 

 Native of Mexico, about Pachuca and Real del Monte. Laroch. 

 eryng. p. 58. Tratt. arch. t. 766. Flowers white. 



Long-leaved Eryngo. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 2ft> 3 ft. 



