UMBELLIFER^:. XXXVII. APIUM. XXXVIII. PETROSELINUM. 



279 



ginning or middle of June they are transplanted into flat beds in 

 the open air, at the distance of 15 inches from each other, and 

 not in trenches like other celery. They must be abundantly 

 watered as soon as they are set out, and the watering must be 

 repeated every other day, or, if the weather should be warm, 

 every day. As they increase in size they will require a greater 

 quantity of water, and they must be occasionally hoed. The 

 roots will be fit for use in September or October. Mr. Sabine 

 states that he has been informed, that the plan of giving excess 

 of water is peculiar, and that the vigorous growth of the plant is 

 more dependent on richness of soil than on any other cause. 

 Abercrombie directs to earth up the bulbs 4 or 5 inches to blanch 

 them, when they are full grown. 



To save seed. Either leave some established plants in the 

 spring where growing ; or in February or March dig up a com- 

 petent number, cut down the top leaves, and set the plants in 

 the ground full 2 feet asunder. They will produce seed in 

 autumn. Walker grows only red celery, and in preparing plants 

 for seed, chooses the most solid, of the reddest colour, and the 

 smallest size. When taken out of the transplanting bed, the 

 lateral shoots being removed, they should be planted in a dry 

 warm situation, where the seed will ripen well. 



Strong -scented Apium, Smallage, Celery, and Celeriac. Fl. 

 June, Aug. Britain. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 



2 A. CHILE'NSE (Hook, et Arn. in hot. misc. 3. p. 353,) plant 

 glabrous ; stem nearly terete, hardly angular ; leaves spreading, 

 bipinnate : lobes cuneated, somewhat trifidly cut, quite entire ; 

 petals involute at the apex. . H. Native about Valparaiso. 

 The plant is much stouter than A. graveolens, and the stem is 

 not deeply furrowed. The leaves resemble those of common 

 parsley, but are much smaller, and more flaccid. The peduncles 

 or short lateral branches are stout and firm. Fruit much larger 

 than that of A. graveolens. Involucrum and involucels wanting. 



Chili Celery. PI. 2 feet. 



SECT. II. OREOSCIA'DIUM (opoc opeoc, oros oreos, a mountain, 

 aKiaSiov, skiadion, an umbel ; habitat of plants). D. C. prod. 

 4. p. 101. Petals denticulated, with an indexed point. 



3 A. MONTA^NUM (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 17.) 

 leaves ternate ; leaflets obovate-cuneated, trifid : lobes acute, 

 quite entire. If. . F. Native of New Granada, in Paramo de 

 Almaguer, at the height of 9,300 feet. Ligusticum ternatum, 

 Schleclit. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 555. 



Mountain Celery. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



4 A. RANUNCULiFbuuM (H. B. et Kunth, 1. c. p. 18. t. 421.) 

 leaves somewhat ternate ; leaflets obovate-cuneated : lateral ones 

 5-lobed : intermediate one 3-parted ; segments 2-3-lobed. I/ . 

 F. Growing ajong with the preceding, of which it is probably 

 only a variety. 



Cronfoot-leaved Celery. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



5 A. GLAUCE'SCENS (H. B. et Kunth, 1. c.) leaves subternate ; 

 leaflets obovate-cuneated, tripartite ; lobes bifid or trifid. I/ . 

 F. Growing along with the two preceding species, of which it is 

 perhaps only a variety. 



Glaucescent Celery. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



6 A. COIJMERSONII (D. C. prod. 4. p. 101.) leaves pinnate; 

 leaflets multifid : lobes linear. I/ . F. Native of South Ame- 

 rica. Styles a little longer and more divaricate than any other 

 of the species. It is very nearly allied to A. ranunculifblium, 

 but the segments of the leaves are narrower and more acute, and 

 the lower loaves are pinnate. 



Commersons Celery. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



f Species not sufficiently known. 



7 A. FRACTOPHY'LLUM (Horn. hort. liafn. suppl. p. 128.) seg- 

 ments of radical leaves cordate, and truncate at the base, and 



trifid at the apex. $ . H. Native country unknown. The 

 fruit is very like that of A. graveolens. 



Broken-leaved Celery. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1826. PI. 1 to 

 2 feet. 



8 A. AUSTRA'LE (Pet. Th. fl. hist. d'ac. p. 43.) leaves bipin- 

 nate : segments cuneiform ; branches whorled ; umbels sessile, 

 crowded. $ . F. Native of the Island of Tristan da Cunha. 

 Carm. descr. p. 34. Flowers white. Petals not described. 

 Perhaps the same as A. Commersonii. 



Southern Celery. PI. 1 foot. 



Cult. The species will grow in any common soil, and are in- 

 creased by seeds. 



XXXVIII. PETROSELrNUM (from Trtrpoc, petros, a rock, 

 and ot\ivov, selinon, parsley ; habitat of the species). Hoffm. 

 umb. 1. p. 78. t. 1. f. 7. Lag. am. nat. 2. p. f02. Koch. umb. 

 p. 127. D. C. prod. 4. p. 102. A^pium species of Lin. Spreng. 

 and others. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Petals roundish, incurved, entire, hardly emarginate, with an 

 inflexed point. Stylopodium short, conical, rather crenulated. 

 Styles diverging. Fruit ovate, contracted from the sides, some- 

 what didymous ; mericarps with 5 equal filiform ribs : lateral 

 ribs marginal; having the furrows between the ribs furnished 

 with one vitta each, and the commissure with 2. Carpophore 

 bipartite. Seed gibbously convex, flattish in front. Branched 

 glabrous herbs. Leaves decompound, with cuneated seg- 

 ments. Involucra few-leaved ; involucels many-leaved. Flowers 

 white or greenish, uniform : those in the disk of the umbel fre- 

 quently sterile. Stamens longer than the corolla. 



1 P. SATIVUM (Hoffm. et Koch, 1. c.) stem erect, angular; 

 leaves decompound, shining ; lower leaflets ovate-cuneated, 

 trifidly toothed : superior ones lanceolate, nearly entire ; leaves 

 of involucel filiform. $ . H. Native of Sardinia, Greece, 

 Archipelago, Turkey, Chili about Conception, &c. on shaded 

 rocks ; and now cultivated in every culinary garden. Nees. off. 

 pflanz. 16. t. 21. A'pium Petroselinum, Lin. spec. 379. Hayn. 

 arz. gew. 7. t. 23. A'pium vulgare, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 1027. 

 A'pium tenuifolium, Riv. pent. irr. with a figure. The Parsley 

 is called Persil in French, Petersilie in German, and Petroselmo 

 in Italian. It is a hardy biennial ; introduced to England in 1548 

 from Sardinia. It is now so common as to be naturalised in 

 several places both in England and Scotland. The root leaves 

 are much curled in some varieties. The flowers are yellow, and 

 appear in June ; they have usually one leaf at the origin of the 

 universal umbel ; and the involucel often of from 6 to 8 short 

 small leaves, fine almost as hairs to the partial umbels. 



" It may be right to notice, that the poisonous plant called 

 fools-parsley (JEthusa Cynapium), a common weed in rich gar- 

 den soils, has sometimes been mistaken for common parsley. 

 They are very easily distinguished : the leaves of fools-parsley 

 are darker green, of a different shape, and, instead of the peculiar 

 parsley smell, have when bruised a disagreeable odour. When 

 the flower-stem of the fool's-parsley appears, the plant is at once 

 distinguished by what is vulgarly called its beard, the 3 long 

 pendant leaves of the involucrum. The timid may shun all risk 

 of mistake by cultivating only the curled variety. This last it 

 may be remarked, makes the prettiest garnish." Neill. 



Varieties. There are : 



1. The common plain leaved, which is the true species, is sel- 

 dom cultivated. 



2 The curled-leaved. This is the most esteemed variety. 

 A'pium crispum, Mill. diet. no. 2. P. satlvum fl crispum, D. C. 

 prod. 4. p. 102. 



3 The broad-leaved or large-rooted Hamburgh, which is culti- 

 vated for its carrot-shaped roots. A'pium latifolium, Mill. diet. 



