282 



UMBELLIFER.E. XLI. HELOSCIADIUM. 



of many parts of Europe, in ditches and rivulets ; plentiful in 

 some parts of Britain. Slum nodiflorum, Lin. spec. 361. Woodv. 

 med. hot. 3. t. 182. Smith, engl. hot. t. 639. but not of the 

 Flora Danica. Sison nodiflorum, Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 423. Seseli 

 nodiflbrum, Scop. earn. 2. p. 353. Flowers white. There is a 

 dwarf variety of this mentioned in D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 300. which 

 is hardly a finger in height; and a large variety, which grows 

 even li foot high. This plant was formerly admitted into the 

 London Pharmacopoaia, in the character of an antiscorbutic, or 

 rather as a corrector of acrid humours, especially when mani- 

 fested by cutaneous eruptions, and tumours in the lymphatic 

 system. The best proofs of its efficacy are from Dr. Withering. 

 A young lady was cured of a most obstinate cutaneous eruption 

 by taking three large tea-spoonfuls of the juice twice a day ; and 

 he has repeatedly given to adults 3 or 4 ounces every morning, 

 in similar complaints, with the greatest success. It is not nau- 

 seous, and children take it readily if mixed with milk. In the 

 dose he has given it, it neither affects the head, the stomach, nor 

 the bowels. This plant, therefore, if it should be eaten for 

 water-cresses, does not seem to be very dangerous, or to require 

 all that caution which Miller prescribes, to distinguish it from 

 water-cresses. 



Var. /3, ochreatum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 104.) stems rather creep- 

 ing ; petioles membranous, and dilated at the base ; umbels on 

 rather longer peduncles than those of the species ; involucrum 

 permanent. 1(. . W. H. Native of ditches and rivulets about 

 Lugdun. Slum repens /3, D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 300. This variety is 

 said to be intermediate between H. nodiflorum and H. repens. 



Var. y? radidtum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 105.) involucrum of one 

 foliaceous, somewhat trifid leaf; leaves of involucel exceeding 

 the flowers. If.. W. H. Native of the north of Africa. Sium 

 radiatum, Viv. fl. lyb. 1. p. 16. t. 9. f. 2. Tordylium Cyrena- 

 icum, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 895. 



Knot-jlonered Helosciadium. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. PI. 

 ^ to 1 foot. 



3 H. RE'PENS (Koch, 1. c.) stem prostrate, rooting ; leaves 

 pinnate ; leaflets roundish, deeply toothed ; umbels on long pe- 

 duncles, opposite to the leaves ; involucrum of 2-4 ovate-lan- 

 ceolate permanent leaves. T^.W. H. Native of France, Den- 

 mark, and Germany. In Britain in boggy meadows, or on 

 watery commons ; on Bullington Green and Cowley Bottom, 

 near Oxford ; on Coldham Common, Cambridgeshire ; on Gold- 

 ington Green and Stevington bogs ; at Fisher Row and on Guil- 

 lon Links, near Edinburgh ; and in ditches near Forfar. Slum 

 repens, Lin. fil. suppl. 181. Fl. dan. 1514. Jacq. aust. 3. t. 260. 

 Smith, engl. bot. t. 1431. Peduncles of umbels equal to the 

 naked part of the petioles, which are in H. nodiflorum much 

 shorter. Flowers white. 



Creeping Helosciadium. Fl. June, July. Britain. PI. cr. 



4 H. INUNDA'TUM (Koch, I.e.) stems creeping ; leaves pinnate : 

 leaflets of the submersed leaves capillaceously multifid: those of 

 the emersed ones cuneiform and deeply trifid ; umbels opposite 

 the leaves ; peduncles bearing 2 rays or umbels, without an in- 

 volucrum ; umbellules 5-flowered. If. . W. H. Native of Europe, 

 in marshes, bogs, ditches, pools, and wet ground over-flowed 

 in winter ; plentiful in some parts of Britain. Sium inundatum, 

 Wigger's, Holsat. p. 24. Hydrocotyle inundatum, Smith, fl. 

 brit. 1. p. 290. Engl. bot. t. 227. Fl. dan. t. 89. Sison inun- 

 datum, VVilld. Meum inundatum, Spreng. umb. spec. 115. 

 Pluk. aim. t. 61. f. 3. Flowers white. 



Var. /3, capillaceum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 105.) stems erect; 

 leaves all capillaceously multifid. Schum. zeel. 1. p. 90. ex 

 Schultes, syst. 6. p. 435. 



Inundated Helosciadium. Fl. May, June. Britain. PI. cr. 



5 H. INTERME DIUM (D. C. prod. 4. p. 105.) root rather bul- 

 bous, stoloniferous ; stem filiform, ascending ; leaves pinnate : 



leaflets verticillate, short, trifid; umbels opposite the leaves, 

 pedunculate, 4-5-rayed, involucrated. I/ . W. H. Native of 

 France, near Dax, in inundated places. Sison verticillato-inun- 

 datum, Thore, chl. land. p. 101. Slum intermedium, D. C. fl. 

 fr. 4. p. 302. Sium bulb6sum, Thore, journ. bot. 1. p. 193. t. 7. 

 f. 2. but not of Poir. Helosciad. bulbosum, Koch, umb. p. 126. 

 Flowers white. 



Intermediate Helosciadium. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1826. PI. 

 ^ foot. 



6 H. CALIFO'RNICUM (Hook, et Arn. in Beech, bot. p. 143.) 

 plant procumbent? leaves pinnate, with 8-11 ovate, acute, 

 deeply serrated leaflets ; lower leaflets pinnatifid or pinnate, with 

 few leaflets ; umbels lateral and terminal ; involucra and invo- 

 lucels of many leaves ; styles elongated. 7. B. H. Native of 

 North California, and on the low moist soils of the Columbia. 

 The plant has a good deal the habit of H. repens. Douglas 

 says the stems are 2-3 feet high, from which expression it may 

 be inferred that the plant is not procumbent. 



Californian Helosciadium. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



SECT. II. CYCLOSPE'RMUM (from cwcXoc, kyclos, a circle, and 

 (TTrtp/ia, sperma, a seed). Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 101. D. C. prod. 

 4. p. 105. Both the involucra and involucels are wanting. Fruit 

 quite glabrous. 



7 H. LEPTOPHY'LLUM (D. C. mem. soc. genev. vol. 4.) plant 

 glabrous, erectish or diffuse ; leaves many times ternately divid- 

 ed : leaflets capillary : cauline leaves nearly sessile ; umbels op- 

 posite the leaves, sessile or pedunculate, 2-3-rayed ; umbellules 

 pedunculate. Q. H. Native nearly throughout the whole of 

 America, especially in Chili, Mexico, St. Domingo, Brazil, and 

 Louisiana. Sison A'mmi, Lin. spec. 363. ? Jacq. hort. vind. t. 

 200. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 412. exclusive of Schaw. and Poir. 

 synonymes. Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 1. p. 386. j?Ethusa 

 A'mmi, Spreng. umb. prod. p. 22. Pimpinella leptophylla, 

 Pers. ench. 1. p. 324. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 390. Pimpinella 

 lateriflora, Link, enum. 1. p. 285. exclusive of the synonymes. 

 Heliosciadium lateriflorum, Koch, umb. p. 126. Pimpinella 

 Domingensis, Willd. herb. ^Etliusa leptophylla, Spreng. umb. 

 prod. 22. Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 190. Sison fasciculatum, Pohl 

 in litt. Pimpinella capillacea, Poir. 1828. Anethum pinnatum, 

 Ruiz et Pav. in herb. Deless. A plant in Sieb. fl. nov. holl. 

 exsic. no. 481. is apparently referrible to this species, as also 

 Sison Hae'nkei, Presl, in herb. Haenke. Flowers white. 



Slender-leaved Helosciadium. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1819. 

 PI. 1 foot. 



8 H. LACINIA'TUM (D. C. mem. soc. genev. vol. 4.) plant gla- 

 brous, erect ; leaves many times ternately divided : leaflets cut, 

 oblong-linear: cauline leaves all petiolate ; umbels sessile, oppo- 

 site the leaves, 3-rayed, one-half shorter than the petioles. Q. 

 H. Native of Peru and of Chili, in stony pastures. Bertero, 

 herb. no. 101. Poepp. no. 93. p. 281. Very like H. leptophyl- 

 lum, but differs in the leaflets being broader, and in the petioles 

 of the cauline leaves being much longer. Sison laciniatum, 

 Lher. herb, in herb. Domb. 



Jagged-]ea\ed Helosciadium. PI. 1 foot. 



9 H. RANUNCULIFOLIUM (D. C. prod. 4. p. 105.) plant gla- 

 brous, erect, dichotomous ; lower leaves bipinnate : upper pin- 

 nate and ternate, opposite ; leaflets cuneated at the base, cut 

 into acuminated lobes ; umbels rising from the forks of the 

 branches, on short peduncles. O? W. H. Native of Chili, on the 

 Andes in Rio Saladillo, in the province of Cordova ; and about 

 Conception. H. lateriflorum, Hook, et Arn. Some of the 

 petals are entire, and some of them somewhat emarginate, from 

 the point being bent in so much. Calyx obsolete. Fruit cor- 

 date at the base when young, more compressed, and less ribbed 

 than in the rest. 



