UMBELLIFER^E. XLIV. PTYCHOTIS. XLV. FALCARIA. 



285 



Fennel-leaved Ptychotis. PI. 1 foot. 



5 P. AJO'WAN (D. C. mem. soc. gen. vol. 4.) stem erect, 

 dichotomous ; leaves few, cut into multifid linear segments: upper 

 leaves pinnatifid ; umbels of 7-9 rays ; leaves of the involucra 

 linear, undivided. O- H. Native of the East Indies, where it 

 is called Juvanee, Ajouan, Ajonan or Ajawain. Ligusticum 

 Ajouan, Roxb. hort. beng. p. 21. Athamantha Aj6wan, Wall, 

 mss. Ligusticum Ajawain, Schultes, syst. 6. p. 556. Fleming, 

 ind. med. in asiarch. 1. p. 170. journ. bot. 4. p. 200. Ajava-seed, 

 Perciv. ess. 1. p. 453. Very like P. Coptica, but differs in the 

 stem being less leafy, in the umbels being of fewer rays, in the 

 rays being puberulous, and in the fruit being more ribbed, but 

 puberulously tubercular in the same way. The fruit of this 

 plant is prescribed in India in diseases of horses and cows. 



Ajonan Ptychotis. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



6 P. ROXBURGHIA'NA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 109.) stem erect, 

 dichotomous ; leaves ternate ; leaflets deeply pinnatifid : lobes 

 oblong-linear ; umbels of 6-8 rays ; leaves of involucrum few. 

 linear, undivided. O- H. Native of and cultivated in various 

 parts of India, but particularly in Bengal, in the island of Sin- 

 gapore, and the mountains of Prome, &c. ex Wall. A'pium invo- 

 lucratum, Roxb. ex journ. bot. 1824. vol. 2. p. 188. Athamantha 

 Roxburghiana, Wall. mss. and herb. 



Roxburgh's Ptychotis. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



7 P. ACHILLEJEFOLIA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 109.) stem erect, a 

 little branched ; leaves bipinnate ; leaflets pinnatifid ; lobes 

 linear-subulate, trifid, stiffish ; umbels of 6-8 rays ; leaves of 

 involucra few, linear-lanceolate ; fruit glabrous, rather muri- 

 cated on the back along the ribs. O- H. Native of Nipaul 

 and Kamaon. Athamantha achilleifolia, Wall. mss. A very 

 distinct species, but the fruit on the specimen examined not 

 being mature, the genus to which it belongs is still rather 

 doubtful. 



Milfoil-leaved Ptychotis. PI. 1 foot. 



SECT. III. HETEROPTYCHA (from Irtpoc, heteros, variable, 

 and Trri/x'?' ptyche, a plait ; in allusion to the middle nerve of 

 the petals being lamellate above, and varying in this respect from 

 the rest of the sections). D. C. prod. 4. p. 109. Universal 

 involucra none. Teeth of calyx nearly obsolete. Petals 

 rather emarginate, having the middle nerve lamellate above. 

 Fruit echinated by bristles. Styles long, diverging a little. 

 Perhaps a proper genus. Mature fruit unknown, and therefore 

 also the vittae. 



8 P. PUBE'RUIA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 109.) stem erect; leaves 

 and rays of umbel beset with short hairs in every part. O- H. 

 Native of the ^evant, about Bagdad. Rays of umbel 6-9 lines 

 long ; and those of the umbellules 2 lines long. 



Pubendous Ptychotis. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



9 P. BARBA'TA (D. C. 1. c.) stems erect, and are as well as the 

 lobes of the leaves glabrous ; but with the sheath of the pe- 

 tiole and limb of the leaf at the origin of the leaflets bearded 

 with soft hairs. Q. H. Native of the Levant, between Bag- 

 dad and Kermancha. Rays of umbel 5-6 lines long, and those 

 of the umbellules hardly 2 lines long. Perhaps only a variety 

 of the preceding species. 



Bearded Ptychotis. ft. 1 foot. 



10 P. VARGASIA'NA (D. C. 1. c.) stem much branched, erect, 

 glabrous as well as the leaves : leaves pinnate : leaflets cuneated, 

 cut at the apex ; involucrum almost wanting ; fruit clothed with 

 short pubescence. 0- H. Native of South America, about 

 Caraccas, where it was collected by Vargas. Perhaps this plant 

 belongs to a different section of the genus. 



Vargas's Ptychotis. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



Cult. The species being natives of rather warm latitudes, 

 their seeds will require to be sown in warm sheltered situations, 



or they may be reared in a hot-bed in spring, and the plants 

 afterwards planted out in the open border in May. 



XLV. FALCA'RIA (from falx, a sickle). Riv. pentap. 

 (1699) no. 48. with a figure. Host, fl. austr. 1. p. 381. but 

 notofCav. D. C. prod. 4. p. 109. Drepanophy'llum, Koch, 

 umb. p. 123. but not of Hook. Drepanophy'llum species, 

 Hoffm. umb. 110. Critamus, Bess. Vohl. p. 93. Koch, emend, 

 umb. 1. c. but not of Hoffm. Sium species of Lin. Prionitis, 

 Delarb. fl. auv. Critamus species, Koch, deutschl. fl. 2. p. 441. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed ; 

 the tube in the sterile flowers wanting, but those in the fertile 

 flowers are cylindrical. Petals obovate, curved, emarginate, 

 with a broad recess, having the terminating segment reflexed. 

 Styles divaricate. Fruit oblong, compressed from the sides ; 

 mericarps furnished with 5, filiform, equal ribs : lateral ribs 

 marginating ; carpophore free, bifid ; furrows between the ribs 

 furnished with 1 filiform vitta each. Seed teretely convex, flat- 

 tish in front. Glabrous, perennial herbs. Leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets broad-linear, decurrent, cartilaginously serrated. Um- 

 bels opposite the leaves and terminal, compound, of many rays ; 

 involucra of many leaves ; involucels somewhat dimidiate, in 

 consequence of the inner leaves being small. Flowers white, 

 having hermaphrodite, fertile ones, and male sterile ones in the 

 same umbellule. This genus differs from Slum in the petals 

 being curved, in the furrows of the fruit being furnished with 1 

 vitta each, and in the carpophore being free and bifid. 



1 F. RIVI'NI (Host, 1. c.) leaves pinnate, glaucescent; leaflets 

 decurrent, linear-lanceolate, sharply serrated ; serratures conti- 

 guous. If. . H. Native of south and middle Europe, Caucasus, 

 and Altaia, in plains at the river Irtysch ; and of the Levant, in 

 the more elevated fields and pastures. Slum Falcaria, Lin. spec. 

 p. 362. Jacq. fl. aust. t. 257. Bunium Falcaria, Bieb. fl. taur. 

 1. p. 211. Drepanophy'llum agreste, Hoffm. et Koch, 1. c. 

 Seseli falcaria, Crantz, austr. p. 208. Critamus agrestis, Bess, 

 enum. volh. p. 93. Sium falcatum, Dub. orl. p. 442 Lob. 

 icon. 2. t. 24. f. 1. Crithmum umbelliferum, Bauh. hist. 3. p. 

 195. Roots creeping under ground. 



Rivin's Falcaria. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1726. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



2 F. DAHU'RICA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 110.) leaflets somewhat 

 serrated : serratures acute, distant. I/ . H. Native of Dahuria. 

 Slum, Gmel. sib. 1. p. 200. no. 14. t. 47. Slum cicutifolium, 

 Gmel. syst. 2. p. 1. t. 482. Slum latifolium ft, Bieb. fl. taur. 

 1. p. 243. Cicuta Dahurica, Fisch. cat. hort. gor. p. 45. Spreng. 

 in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 453. Critamus Dahuricus, Hoffm. 

 umb. p. 184. Furrows of the fruit, according to Hoffmann, 

 furnished each with 1-3 vittse, and the commissure with 4-5 

 vittse. Flowers all fertile, according to the plants examined. 



Dahurian Falcaria. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1817. PI. 2 to 3 ft. 

 f Species hardly known. 



3 F. JAVA'NICA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 110.) leaves pinnate or bi- 

 pinnate ; leaflets ovate-oblong, deeply serrated ; umbels oppo- 

 site the leaves ; involucrum wanting ; but the involucels are of 

 many setaceous leaves. 1. B. F. Native of Java, in marshes, 

 where it is called Tespong by the natives. Sium Javanicum, 

 Blum, bijdr. p. 881. The furrows of the fruit are furnished 

 with 1 vitta each, and the commissure with 2, as in the following 

 species. 



Java Falcaria. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



4 F. LACINIA'TA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 110.) leaves bipinnate ; 

 leaflets pinnatifid; umbels opposite the leaves; involucrum 

 wanting; involucels of many setaceous leaves. 3/.B. F. Native 

 of Java, in the province of Batavia, in marshes. Sium laci- 

 niatum, Blum. 1. c. Perhaps a species of Oen&nthe. 



Jagged-\eaved Falcaria. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



5 F. ? DivERSirbLiA (D. C. 1. c.) superior leaves ternate ; 



