UMBELLIFER^E. LII. BUNIUM. LIII. CRYPTOMSNIA. LIV. PIMPINELLA. 



291 



nut,jur-nul, or yer'nut, earth chestnut, and ground-nut ; in Germany 

 it is called erdnuss ; in Holland aardnoot; in Sweden jordnot ; in 

 France suron, lerre noix ; in Italy castagna de terra ; in Spain cas- 

 lanode tierra. Root nearly globular, black, or chestnut-coloured on 

 the outside and white inside ; aromatic, sweet, and mucilaginous, 

 with some acrimony : they are frequently dug up and eaten by 

 children. Swine are very fond of them, and will soon become fat 

 with feeding on them. When boiled they are very pleasant and 

 delicious, and are supposed to afford great nourishment. Thus 

 prepared, they are said to be eaten in Holland and the Alps, and 

 in some parts of England in soup or broth. Roasted they are 

 even superior to chestnuts. 



Var. ft, Pyrence'um (D. C. prod. 4. p. 118.) sheaths of leaves 

 ciliated. 1. H. Native of the Pyrenees. Bunium denuda- 

 tum, var. ft, Pyrenae'um, D. C. fl. fr. suppl. p. 511. no. 3196. 

 Myrrhis Pyrenae'a, Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 518. Lois. 

 fl. gall. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 208. t. 5. Bunium Pyrenae'um, Lois, 

 fl. gall. p. 161. t. 5. Bunium pilosum, Willd. rel. in Schultes, 

 syst. 6. p. 500. 



Naked-stemmed or Common Earth-nut. Fl. May, June. 

 Britain. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



13 B. PU V MILUM (Smith, fl. grsec. 274. prod. 1. p. 187.) root 

 globose ; leaves bipinnate : cauline ones petiolate, pilose ; sheaths 

 short ; segment of leaves cut and acute ; involucrum wanting or 

 1 -leaved; involucels of many leaves. 'J/ . H. Native of Mount 

 Parnassus. Fruit ovate-oblong. Flowers white. 



Dwarf Earth-nut. PI. i foot. 



14 B. TENUIFOLIUM (Salzm. pi. exsic. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 118.) root unknown: cauline leaves petiolate; sheaths elon- 

 gated, glabrous ; segments of leaves few, linear, very narrow, 

 elongated, and quite entire ; involucels of many leaves. 7{..H. 

 Native of Mauritania, about Tangiers. Perhaps Bunium am- 

 moides, Link, is referrible to this plant. Flowers white. 



Fine-leaved Earth-nut. PI. 1 foot. 



15 B. GLABE'RRIMUM (D. C. prod. 4. p. 118.) plant glabrous ; 

 stem terete, striated ; lower leaves biternate : leaflets ovate, 

 lobed, and toothed ; superior leaves biternate : leaflets lanceolate, 

 quite entire ; both the involucra and involucels are usually 1- 

 leaved. If.. H. Native of Mount Atlas, near Tlemsen. Chae- 

 rophyllum glaberrimum, Pers. ench. 1. p. 322. Poir. diet. 5. 

 p. 136. Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 523. Scandix glaber- 

 rimum, Desf. all. 1. p. 260. t. 74. Flowers white. Immature 

 fruit similar to that of D. denuddtum. 



Quite-glabrous Earth-nut. PI. 1 foot. 



16 B. ? RIOENS (Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 500.) root 

 unknown ; stem stiff, sheathed ; branches spreading ; leaves 

 bipinnate ; leaflets obtuse, conduplicate, crenulated ; involucrum 

 of many short leaves, fy . G. Native of the Cape of Good 

 Hope, and of the Mauritius. Conium rigens, Lin. mant. p. 

 352. Thunb. prod. p. 50. fl. cap. 2. p. 203. Dasyspermum 

 species, Neck. elem. p. 295. (Trachyspermum rigens, G. Don, 

 in Loud. hort. brit. 103.). Perhaps 2 species are confused 

 here. Perhaps it is a true species of Bunium. Flowers white. 



Stiff Earth-nut. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1787. Shrub l foot. 

 Cult. A light sandy soil suits all the species best ; and they 

 can only be increased by seeds. 



LIII. CRYPTOTjE'NIA (from *p7n-oe, cryptos, hidden, 

 and raivia, tainia, vitta ; the vittae of the mericarps are hidden 

 by a pericarp, and are invisible, unless the mericarps are cut 



transversely). D. C. coll. mem. 5. p. 42. prod. 4. p. 118 



Conopodium, sect. 2. Koch, umb. 119. Cyrtospermum, Rafin. 

 in litt. 1819. Alacospermum, Neck. elem. no. 276.? 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Petals obovate, nearly entire, ending in a narrow inflexed point. 

 Fruit contracted from the sides, linear-oblong, crowned by a short 



stylopodium and 2 short styles ; mericarps with 5, equal, fili- 

 form, obtuse ribs: the 2 lateral ribs placed before the margin; 

 vittae in the furrows between the ribs numerous, covered by a 

 somewhat corky pericarp, but closely adnate, and only visible 

 when the carpels are cut transversely. Seed teretely convex, 

 flattish in front. Carpophore free, bifid at the apex. Perennial, 

 glabrous, erect herbs. Roots not bulbous. Leaves ternate; 

 leaflets ovate, coarsely toothed : teeth mucronate. Umbels nu- 

 merous, almost disposed in a panicle, Rays of umbels and um- 

 bellules few, very unequal. Involucrum wanting ; involucels 

 few-leaved. Flowers white. 



1 C. CANADE'NSIS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 119.) lower umbels 

 rising from the axils of the superior leaves ; fruit oblong. T(. . 

 H. Native of North America, in woods among rocks ; Canada 

 about Lake Huron and Quebec; frequent about Boston, in the 

 United States. Sison Canadense, Lin. spec. 363. Hoffm. 

 umb. p. 36. Slum Canadense, Lam. diet. 1. p. 407. Big. fl. 

 bost. ed. 2. p. 114. Chaerophyllum Canadense, Pers. ench. 1. 

 p. 320. Myrrhis Canadensis, Mor. oxon. sect. 9. t. 1 1. Nutt. 

 gen. amer. 1. p. 141. Gaertn. fruct. t. 23. Conop6dium Cana- 

 dense, Koch, umb. 119. Myrrhis ternata, Moench, meth. p. 

 101. Slson trifoliatum, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 168. ? Cyr- 

 tospermum trifoliatum, Rafin. in litt. Flowers white. 



Canadian Cryptotsenia. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1699. PI. l|ft. 



2 C. THOMA'SII (D. C. prod. 4. p. 119.) umbels disposed in 

 a naked leafless panicle ; fruit ovate. I/ . H. Native of Ulte- 

 rior Calabria, near rivulets, in groves on the mountains called 

 Delia Serra. Slson Thomasii, Ten. prod. neap, suppl. 2. p. 66. 

 syn. p. 40. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 412. A'pium trifoliatum se- 

 minibus sparsis pendulis diapensiae folio, Bocc. mus. append. 4. 

 ex herb. Vaill. 



Thomas's Cryptotaenia. PL 1 foot. 



Cult. The species of this genus will grow in any soil ; and 

 may either be increased by cuttings or by seed. 



LIV. PIMPINE'LLA (altered from bipinnate, twice pinnate; 

 the leaves). Lin. gen. no. 366. Koch, umb. p. 120. f. 65. and 

 66. D. C. coll. mem. 5. p. 42. but not of Tourn. Gaertn. 

 D. C. prod. 4. p. 1J9. Pimpinella and Tr&gium, Spreng. 

 Hoffm. Lag. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Petals obovate, emarginate, with an inflexed point. Fruit ovate, 

 contracted from the sides, crowned by the pulvinate stylopodium 

 and reflexed styles, which are capitate at the apex ; mericarps 

 with 5, equal, filiform ribs : lateral ribs marginating : having 

 the furrows between the ribs furnished with many vittae ; car- 

 pophore free, bifid. Seed gibbously convex, flattish in front. 

 Herbs, for the most part natives of Europe. Roots simple. 

 Radical leaves pinnate : leaflets roundish, toothed, rarely undi- 

 vided ; cauline leaves more finely dissected than the radical ones. 

 Umbels and umbellules of many rays, without any involucra. 

 Flowers usually white, rarely reddish or yellow. 



SECT. I. TRAGOSELI'NUM (from rpayoc, tragos, a goat, and 

 c-\<i'o', selinon, parsley ; goats' parsley). Tourn. inst. p. 309. 

 t. 163. Mcench, meth. 99. D. C. prod. 4. p. 119. Pimpi- 

 nella, Spreng. umb. prod. p. 35. Schultes, syst. 5. p. 34. 

 Hoffm. umb. 88. Fruit glabrous. Roots perennial. 



1 P. ROTUNDIFOLIA (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 242.) radical and 

 cauline leaves reniform, crenated ; superior ones glabrous, lobed 

 a little. I/ . or $ . H. Native of Iberia and Caucasus, in 

 groves. Hoffm. umb. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 92. Slson rotundifolius, 

 Spreng. anleit. ed. 2. p. 2. t. 4. f. 1-4. umb. spec. p. 110. 

 Leaves rather pubescent, of a form almost like those of Mdlvii 

 sylvestris. Involucrum none. Petals white. Stigmas purple, 

 p p 2 



