UMBELLIFERjE. LX. (ENANTHE. 



303 



4 CE. SILAIFOLIA (Bieb. suppl. p. 232.) knobs of roots of an 

 oblong-fusiform shape, or cylindrical, fasciculate; leaves pin- 

 nate ; leaflets of the lower leaves lanceolate : of the upper ones 

 linear ; involucra almost wanting ; fruit ovate, crowded, sessile, 

 hardly longer than the involucel. If . H. Native of the south 

 of Tauria and Caucasus, in humid places ; Montpelier, at Mire- 

 val ; Geneva ; Germany at Puessen. CE. virgata, Koch, in litt. 

 and perhaps of Poir. CE. tenuifolia, Froel. in litt. and is some- 

 times to be found in gardens, under the name of CE. glauca ; 

 the whole plant being rather glaucous. Perhaps truly distinct 

 from CE. peucedanifblia. 



Silaus-leaved VVater-dropwort. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1817. PI. 

 2 feet. 



5 CE. PIMPINELLOI'DES (Lin. spec. S65.) roots of several 

 slender, fleshy, cylindrical fibres, which are dilated into ovate- 

 globose tubers at the apex ; radical leaves bipinnate ; leaflets 

 cuneated, cut ; cauline leaves pinnate ; leaflets of the cauline 

 leaves elongated, linear, and entire ; involucra of many linear 

 leaves ; fruit cylindrical, striated, callous at the base, longer 

 than the pedicels, which are thick and short. If. . H. Native 

 of Europe, in salt marshes. In Britain, as Quaplod, near Salp- 

 ing, Lincolnshire ; near Aber, North Wales ; Cambridgeshire ; 

 also in Galloway, the Isle of Arran, and other parts of Scotland. 

 Stem cylindrical, hollow, slightly branched. Flowers of a pale 

 flesh colour. 



Var. a, chcBrophylloides(D. C. prod. 4. p. 137.) tubers hanging 

 by long fibres. If. . H. CE. chaerophylloides, Pourr. act. tol. 3. 

 p. 323. CE. pimpinelloides, Smith, engl. bot. 347. Jacq. aust. 

 t. 3U4. CE. australis, Wulf. CE. Karsthia, Hacq. earn. t. 3. ? 

 Bauh. hist. 3. p. 191. f. 1. Mor. ox. sect. 9. t. 7. f. 3. Cam. 

 epit. 610. icon. Smith says the roots are of several slender, 

 tapering, fleshy tubercles, intermixed with fibres. 



Far. ft, pimpinellcefblia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 137.) tubers on 

 short peduncles, intermixed with fibres. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 191. 

 f. 2. CE. pimpinelloides, Lam. diet. 4. p. 528. and probably 

 of many other authors. CE. virgata, Poir. voy. 2. p. 138. 

 Spreng. umb. 105. 



Pimpernel-like Water-dropwort. Fl. Jul. Brit. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



6 CE.CALLOSA (Salzm. mss. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 137.) roots 

 unknown ; stem branched, striated ; lower leaves bipinnate : 

 leaflets ovate, deeply serrated ; upper leaves pinnate : leaflets 

 lanceolate-linear, acuminated ; umbels of many rays ; involu- 

 crum almost wanting ; fruit cylindrically-oblong, striated, cal- 

 lous at the base and apex, longer than the pedicels, which are 

 thick. If. . H. Native about Tangiers. This species differs 

 from CE..apiifblia in the fruit "being callous, and from CE. pim- 

 pinelloides in the involucrum befcig almost wanting. Fruit 

 crowded in the umbellules. 



Callous-fruited Water-dropwort. PI. 2 to 4 feet. 



7 CE. APIIFOLIA (Brot. fl. lus. p. 420. phyt. t. 33.) knobs of 

 roots sessile, oblong-fusiform ; stem branched, furrowed : leaves 

 bipinnate or tripinnate : leaflets wedge-shaped, deeply serrated ; 

 upper leaves pinnate, with narrower leaflets ; umbels of many 

 rays ; involucrum almost wanting ; fruit cylindrically-oblong, 

 striated, longer than the pedicels. 3.H. Native of Portugal, 

 Corsica, &c. Willd. enum. p. 316. Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 

 vol. 6. Stems purplish, particularly at the joints, by which it 

 may be known at first sight from CE. crocata, to which it is very 

 nearly allied, and from which it only differs in the involucrum 

 being almost absent. Plant strong, very poisonous, abounding 

 in less orange-coloured juice than CE. crocata. 



Celery-leaved Water-dropwort. Fl. July. Clt. 1806. PI. 

 2 to 5 feet. 



8 CE. CROCA'TA (Lin. spec. p. 365.) knobs of roots oblong or 

 elliptic, sessile ; stem branched, furrowed ; leaves all bipinnate ; 

 leaflets wedge-shaped, deeply toothed ; umbels of many rays ; 



involucra and involucels of many leaves ; fruit linear-oblong, 

 with slender intermediate ribs, longer than the pedicels. "If. . H. 

 Native of Europe, common. Plentiful in Britain, in watery 

 places, osier holts, and about the banks of rivers. Jacq. vind. 3. 

 t. 55. Smith, engl. bot. t. 2313. Bull. herb. t. 113. Woodv. 

 suppl. med. bot. t. 267. Lob. icon. t. 730. Mor. ox. sect. 9. 

 t. 7. f. 2. Matt. valg. 2. p. 220. f. 1. Leaves of involucra and 

 involucels various in number and shape. Flowers white, tinged 

 with purple. Plant strong. Roots abounding with an acrid, fetid, 

 very poisonous saffron- coloured juice, such as exudes less plen- 

 tifully from all parts of the herb, when wounded. Brood mares 

 sometimes eat the root, according to Sir Thomas Franklin, and are 

 poisoned by it. Ehret, the celebrated botanical draughtsman, ex- 

 perienced a giddiness from the scent of the herb. Dr. Pultney 

 remarks, that the root is one of the most virulent poisons of all 

 the vegetable poisons that Great Britain produces. In West- 

 morland the country people apply a poultice of the herb to the 

 ulcer which forms in the fore part of the cleft of the hoof in 

 horned cattle, which is called the foul. It may be safely used ex- 

 ternally, but internally it should be taken with caution, as is 

 evident from the accounts given above, and others recited by 

 Mr. Howelland Sir William Watson, in the Philosophical Trans- 

 actions. The former of these says that two French prisoners at 

 Pembroke died by eating the root, that the inhabitants call it 

 five-fingered root, and that it is much used there in cataplasms. 

 In the same Transactions, a case is related of eight young lads 

 near Clonmel in Ireland, where the plant is called tahom, mis- 

 taking its roots for the mater-parsnip : five of them died. Mr. 

 Miller informed Sir William Watson that a whole family were 

 poisoned with it at Battersea. The more caution is neces- 

 sary respecting this plant, because it is not uncommon in some 

 places, its appearance and smell resemble smallage or celery, 

 and the roots have not any flavour disagreeable enough to deter 

 persons from eating them. 



(Sajfhm-coloured-juiced or Hemlock Water-dropwort. Fl. Jul. 

 Britain. PI. 2 to 5 feet. 



9 CE. SARMENTOSA (Presl, inTierb. Hsenk. ex D. C. prod. 4. 

 p. 138.) root unknown ; stems branched, weak, rather scandent; 

 leaves bipinnate : leaflets ovate, toothed : terminal ones some- 

 what 3-lobed ; umbels opposite the leaves, of many rays; in- 

 volucrum wanting ; fruit oblong ; styles very long. If. . H. 

 Native of North America, at Nootka Sound. Leaves nearly as 

 in CE. crocata, but the umbels are those of CE. pheUandrium. 

 Root unknown, and therefore its proper situation among the 

 species is doubtful. 



Sarmentose Water-dropwort. PI. sarmentose. 



10 CE. OLOBULOSA (Lin. spec. 365.) knobs of roots oblong, 

 attenuated at the base, but ending in an elongated fibre each at 

 the apex ; radical leaves bipinnate ; leaflets lanceolate, cut ; 

 cauline leaves pinnate, with linear leaflets ; umbel 5-6-rayed, 

 without any involucrum ; fruit nearly globose, sessile (the pro- 

 per pedicels being almost wanting) spongy, with thick, obtuse 

 ribs, and small furrows. If. . H. Native of Etruria, Maurita- 

 nia, Spain, Portugal, &c. in meadows. Gouan. ill. p. 18. t. 9. 

 Spreng. umb. spec. p. 106. CE. diffusa, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 

 13. ex Spreng. Stem compressed at the base, diffuse. Fruit 

 larger than in any other species of the genus. Umbels on long 

 peduncles. 



Globular-headed Water-dropwort. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1710. 

 PI. 1 foot. 



1 1 CE. PROLI'FERA (Lin. spec. p. 365.) knobs of roots fusiform, 

 sessile ; leaves bipinnate ; leaflets cuneated, lobately toothed ; 

 umbels capitate, without an involucrum ; outer pedicels of the 

 umbel flat, branched, proliferous; fruit turbinate, 10-ribbed: 

 ribs thick : furrows deep. If. . H. Native of Candia, Calabria, 

 Lycia, Dalmatia, Carniola. Jacq. hort. vind. 3. t. 62. P. Alp. 



