304 



UMBELLIFERJi. LX. (ENANTHE. LXI. ANNESORHIZA. 



p. 304. with a figure and p. 305. with a description. Mor. ox. 

 sect. 9. t. 7. f. 5. 



Proliferous-umbeMeA Water-dropwort. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 

 1739. PI. 1| to 2 feet. 



* * Annual or biennial plants, with fibrous roots. 



12 CE. PHELLA'NDRIUM (Lam. fl.fr. 3. p. 432.) root fusiform, 

 with many whorled fibres ; stem furrowed, fistular, branched; 

 leaves stalked, repeatedly pinnate, with innumerable, fine, ex- 

 panded, dark green, narrow, wedge-shaped, cut, sinning, acute, 

 divaricate leaflets ; umbels opposite the leaves, on short tumid 

 peduncles, without involucra ; involucels of many narrow, 

 taper-pointed leaves ; fruit ovate, with 5 broad ribs, and narrow 

 intermediate furrows, rather shorter than the pedicels. $ . H. 

 Native of Europe, Tauria, and Siberia, in rivers, ditches, and 

 lakes ; plentiful in some parts of Britain, as in ditches in Bat- 

 tersea-fields, near London ; and near Edinburgh. Phellandrium 

 aquaticum, Lin. spec. 366. Fl. dan. t. 1154. Smith, engl. hot. 

 t. 684. Schkuhr, handb. t. 71. Hoffm. umb. 1. p. 71. descript. 

 and icon. t. 1. f. 17. Hayne, arz. gew. 1. t. 40. Nees. off", pfl. 

 14. t. 6. Woodv. med. hot. suppl. 266. Bull. fr. t. 147. 

 Erh. pi. off. 24. CE. aquatica, Lam. diet. 4. p. 530. Ligusti- 

 cum phellandrium, Crantz. hort. fasc. 3. p. 84. Cicutaria pa- 

 lustris, Ger. emac. 1063. f. 1. Lob. icon. 735. f. 1. Phellandrium, 

 Dod. pempt. 591. f. 1. Roth always writes the old name phe- 

 landrium, which agrees with an etymology hazarded by Sir 

 James Smith, in Rees' cycl. vol. 27. from ^jjXtw, to be trea- 

 cherous, alluding to the poisonous nature of the plant ; <j>e\\oc 

 avfyos, as Linnaeus has it, cork of man, is not at all satisfactory. 

 Linnaeus informs us that the horses in Sweden are seized with 

 a kind of palsy by eating this plant ; hence Withering and Sib- 

 thorp have named it horse-bane. This effect, however, is not 

 to be ascribed to the plant, but to a coleopterous insect breeding 

 in the stalks, which he therefore names Curculw paraplecticus. 

 The leaves are sometimes applied to discutient cataplasms, and 

 for this reason Boerhaave speaks highly of it. The seeds are 

 recommended in intermittents, and are said to be diuretic, anti- 

 septic, and expectorant. The efficacy of this plant rests chiefly 

 on the testimony of Ernstingius and Lange, by whom various 

 cases of its successful use are published, especially in wounds 

 and inveterate ulcers, and even in cancers ; also in phthisis, pul- 

 monalls, asthma, dyspepsia, and intermittent fevers. Dr. Wood- 

 ville rightly observes, that though the disorders here noticed are 

 so dissimilar as to afford no satisfactory evidence of the medi- 

 cinal qualities of these seeds, yet they appear to be well deserv- 

 ing of farther investigation. 



Phellandrium or Fine-leaved Water-dropwort. Britain. PL 

 2 to 3 feet. 



13 CE. STOIONI'FERA (Wall. cat. no. 585.) stems creeping 

 at the base, ascending, fistular striated ; leaves bipinnate ; upper 

 ones pinnate ; leaflets lanceolate, acuminated at the base and 

 apex, with a few coarse serratures ; umbels opposite the leaves, 

 exinvolucrate ; fruit obovate-oblong, much shorter than the 

 pedicels. $ . ? H. Native of Silhet, in the east of Bengal, in 

 rice grounds. Phellandrium stoloniferum, Roxb. hort. beng. 

 p. 81. Teeth of calyx 5, subulate. Styles permanent. 



Stoloniferous Water-dropwort. PI. creeping. 



14 CE. LINEA'RIS (Wall. cat. no. 586.) stems throwing out 

 roots from the nodi at the base, erect, fistular ; leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets of the lower leaves oval, toothed : of the upper ones 

 linear, elongated, toothed, or undivided ; umbels opposite the 

 leaves, without involucra ; rays compressed. $ . H. Native 

 of Nipaul, in rice grounds. Fruit unknown. 



Zinear-leaved Water-dropwort. PI. l^foot. 



15 CE. JAVA'NICA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 138.) stems terete, fis- 

 tular ; leaves divided into 3 parts above the sheaths of the pe- 



tioles, which are bipinnate ; leaflets oval-oblong, cuneated at the 

 base, deeply toothed at the apex ; umbels opposite the leaves, 

 pedunculate ; involucrum of a few small leaves ; leaves of in- 

 volucels setaceous ; fruit ovate. $ . S. Native of Java. Sium 

 Javanicum, Blum. ? 



Java Water-dropwort. PI. ? 



16 CE. HU MILIS (Rafin. prec. som. p. 41.) stem simple, pen- 

 tagonal ; leaves pinnate ; leaflets of the lower leaves ovate, 

 jagged : of the upper leaves lanceolate, entire ; umbels erect, 

 simple; flowers sessile. H. Native of Sicily, on the Ne- 

 brode mountains, in woods. The rest unknown. The plant is 

 very doubtful. 



Humble Water-dropwort. PL 1 foot. 



2. Species, natives of the Cape of Good Hope, the greater 

 part of which are hardly known, and all of them, most probably, 

 belong to different genera from the present. 



17 CE. FILIFORMIS (Lam. diet. 4. p. 520. ill. t. 203. f. 2.) 

 leaves simple, filiform, striated, bluntish ; umbels 3-5-rayed ; 

 involucrum of 3-5 leaves. If. G. Native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope, on hills near Cape Town. CE. filifdrmis, Sieb. pi. 

 exsic. cap. no. 209. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 427. exclusive of the 

 synonymes. Seseli filifolium, Thunb. fl. cap. p. 259. Conium 

 filifolium, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 49. Slum filifolium, Willd. herb, 

 ex Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 1. p. 387. Ecklon, herb. no. 

 54. but not of Thunb. Fruit cylindrically prismatic, crowned 

 by the 5-toothed calyx. Styles erect. Petals emarginate. 



Filiform Water-dropwort. PL 1 foot. 



18 CE. TENUIFOLIA (Thunb. prod. 49. fl. cap. p. 253.) stem 

 simple, striated ; leaves bipinnate : leaflets linear-setaceous, 

 deeply pinnatifid ; upper leaves undivided, filiform ; leaves of 

 involucra and involucels very short; ribs of fruit rather winged. 

 "if. . G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Spreng. umb. 

 spec. p. 109. 



Fine-leaved Water-dropwort. FL June, July. Clt. 1819. 

 PL 1 to 2 feet. 



19 CE. FERULA'CEA (Thunb. prod. 50. fl. cap. p. 253.) root 

 unknown ; stem branched, striated ; leaves decompound; leaflets 

 lanceolate, acute, furrowed on both sides ; involucra of few 

 leaves. If . G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Spreng. 

 umb. spec. p. 109. 



Ferula-like Water Drop-wort. PL 1 to 2 feet. 



20 CE. INTERRU'PTA (Thunb. prod. p. 50. fl. cap. p. 253.) 

 root unknown ; stem simple, terete, nearly leafless ; leaves radi- 

 cal, petiolate, divided into 3 parts, and these parts are decom- 

 pound; leaflets oblong, sinuately pinnatifid, mucronately toothed:- 

 lower ones reflexed ; involucrum of 5 leaves. I/ . G. Native 

 of the Cape of Good Hope. Spreng. umb. spec. p. 107. Stem 

 said by Thunberg to be villous at the base, but by Sprengel it 

 is said to be smooth. Perhaps the same as Annesorhlza Ca- 

 pensis. 



Interrupted Water-dropwort. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1818. PL 1 ft. 



Cult. Although all the species grow naturally in ditches, rivers, 

 and watery places, they grow well in any kind of soil, whether 

 dry or wet. Increased by dividing at the root, or by seeds. 



LXI. ANNESORHTZA (from ayvne, agnes, chaste, and 

 pi4a, rhiza, a root ; smell of root). Cham, et Schlecht. in 

 Linnaea. 1. p. 398. t. 5. f. 4. D. C. prod. 4. p. 139. 



LIN. SYST. Pentundria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed, 

 permanent. Petals elliptic, acuminated, more or less emar- 

 ginate, with an inflexed point. Fruit 5-angled, prismatic, 

 crowned by the reflexed calyx and styles ; mericarps convex on 

 the back, unequal: one of them 3-winged, in consequence of the 

 carinal and marginal ribs being winged, but the intermediate ribs 

 are filiform : the other 4 winged, in consequence of the carinal 



