316 



UMBELLIFERjE. LXXVIII. ATHAMANTA. 



Leaves triternate or pinnate ; leaflets cut or multifid. Invo- 

 lucra of 1 or few leaves ; involucels of many leaves. Flowers 

 white. 



1 A. CERVARUEFOLIA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 155.) stem suffruticose 

 at the base, eaudex-formed ; leaves glaucous, glabrous, triter- 

 nate; leaflets broad, ovate, cuspidately serrated: lateral ones 

 somewhat bifid : terminal ones trifid ; involucra of 1 or few 

 leaves. %. or fj . G. Native of Teneriffe. Seseli cervariae- 

 folia, D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 145. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 405. 

 A thamanta maxima, Chois. ined. Flowers sweet-scented. Pe- 

 tals white, oblong, with an inflexed point. Fruit oblong, villous. 



Chervil-leaved Spignel. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1818. Sh. 2 ft. 



2 A. MACEDONICA (Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 491.) stem 

 panicled, clothed with soft, velvety villi ; leaves almost glabrous ; 

 petioles twice trifid, decompound ; leaflets ovate, somewhat 3- 

 lobed, mucronately toothed ; umbels very numerous, velvety. 



$ . F. Native of Macedonia, Atlas, and according to Allioni 

 about Nice. Bubon Macedonicum, Lin. spec. p. 364. Desf. 

 at). 1. p. 256. Blackw. icon. 382. Plench. icon. t. 194. Dau- 

 cus Macedonicus, Riv. pent. irr. t. 48. A'pium Macedonicum, 

 Moris, hist. sect. 9. t. 9. Lob. icon. 708. Fruit bottle-shaped, 

 hispid, covered by 10-12 vittse, having the ribs very slender. 

 In some parts of the East they use this plant to scent their 

 clothes ; the smell is very strong, and rather disagreeable to 

 Europeans. The plant, but especially the seed, is esteemed to 

 be diuretic, emmenogogue, and carminative ; the seeds are an 

 ingredient in theriaca. 



Macedonian Parsley, or Spignel. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1596. 

 PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



3 A. RAMOSISSIMA (Port, in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 496.) stem 

 erect, scabrous, much branched ; radical leaves and lower cau- 

 line ones supra-decompound ; leaflets filiform, mucronulate, stiff, 

 glabrous : upper ones ternate ; involucrum of many leaves ; 

 petals hairy on the outside as well as the fruit. 1 . H. Native 

 of Dalmatia. Host, fl. aust. 1. p. 364. Allied to A. Cretensis. 

 Fruit ovate, not bottle-shaped, very hairy. Petals emarginate, 

 very hairy on the outside. Involucra of 8-10 linear leaves. 



Much-branched Spignel. PI. 1 foot. 



4 A. CRETE'NSIS (Lin. spec. p. 352.) stem rather villous ; 

 leaves bipinnate ; leaflets divided into linear, trifid lobes : lower 

 ones hardly exceeding the rest ; involucra of 1 or few leaves ; 

 petals hairy on the back. $ . H. Native of the south and 

 middle of Europe, in exposed situations. The leaves are said 

 to be tripinnate by many authors. The seeds have been occa- 

 sionally employed as carminatives, and were supposed likewise 

 to be diuretic and emmenogogue ; lately they have been little 

 used, except as ingredients in theriaca and mithradate. Haller, 

 however, judges it to be much superior to the common carrot in 

 medicinal efficacy. It was celebrated anciently as a specific in 

 the stone. 



Var. a, hirsiita (D. C. prod. 4. p. 155.) leaves clothed with 

 hairs ; lobes short. Libanotis hirsiita, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 428. 

 Athamanta Cretensis, Jacq. fl. aust. t. 62. hort. vind. t. 218. 

 Plench, icon. t. 284. Daucus Creticus, Cam. epit. 536. with a 

 figure. Blackw. 471. 



Var. ft, mutellmoldes (D. C. 1. c.) leaves nearly glabrous ; lobes 

 slenderer and more elongated. Athamanta mutellinoides, Lam. 

 diet. l.p. 425. Atham. Matliioli, D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 318. ex- 

 clusive of the synonymes of Jacq. and Math. A. rupestris, 

 Vill. dauph. 2. p. 648. A. annua, Lin. spec. 353. ? Moris, 

 oxon. sect. 9. 1. 10. 



Cretan Spignel or Candy Carrot. Fl. June, Jul. Clt. 1596. 

 PI. 1 foot. 



5 A. MATTH!OLI (Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 1. p. 211. icon, 

 rar. 1. t. 57.) stems glabrous, flexuous ; leaves glabrous; 

 leaves 3-4 times ternate; leaflets linear-filiform, elongated, 



divaricate ; involucra of 1 or many leaves ; petals glabrous. 

 Tf.. H. Native of the Alps of Carinthia, Carniola, and in fields 

 about Nice. Libanotis rupestris, Scop. earn. no. 315. t. 9. 

 Meum Matth. ed. Bauh. 1. p. 569. f. 1. Stem glabrous, except 

 under the origin of the leaves, where they are rather puberu- 

 lous. Perhaps Seseli Turbith, Lin. is referrible to this plant, 

 and probably A. annua, Lin. spec. 353. Leaves very fine like 

 fennel. 



Matthioli's Spignel. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1802. PI. 1| foot. 



6 A. SI'CULA (Lin. spec. p. 352.) stems hoary from pubes- 

 cence ; leaves triternately decompound, rather villous ; leaflets 

 ovate, pinnatifid : segments short, bluntish ; petals villous on 

 the outside. If. . H. Native on Mount Garganus, Apulia, 

 Sicily, and among calcareous rocks, on Mount Atlas. Desf. fl. 

 atl. 1. p. 324. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 491. exclusive of the syn. 

 of Bocconi. Bubon Garganicum, Ten. fl. neap. l.p. 123. t. 25. 

 A. Cretensis, Ucria, ex Guss. prod. fl. sic. 1. p. 328. Zan. ist. 

 t. 48. Moris, oxon, sect. 9. t. 9. last figure/ Leaves almost 

 like those of Sisymbrium Sophia. 



Sicilian Spignel. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1686. PI. 2 to 3 ft. 



7 A. CANE'SCENS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 155.) plant glabrous at 

 the bottom, and canescent at the top from short crowded down ; 

 leaves ternately decompound ; leaflets cuneated, cut :. lobes 

 linear, bluntish ; involucra and involucels of 5 leaves ; petals 

 smoothish ; fruit ovate, beset with very long, white, spreading 

 hairs, which are rather capitellate at the apex. O- H- Native 

 of the Levant, between Aleppo and Bagdad. Herb half a foot 

 high, sparingly branched. Leaves of involucra and involucels 

 oval-oblong, apiculated. Petals some of them cleft at the apex, 

 and others entire. Immature fruit unknown, and therefore the 

 genus is rather doubtful. 



Canescent Spignel. PI. -^ foot. 



f" Species not sufficiently known, and will perhaps, when more 

 fully examined, be removed from the genus altogether. 



8 A. DEPRE'SSA (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 184.) leaves bipin- 

 nate, pubescent ; leaflets very slender, many-parted : segments 

 linear, mucronate ; scapes filiform, assurgent, velvety, exceeding 

 the leaves ; umbels simple or compound ; involucrum of 5 pin- 

 natifid leaves. If. H. Native of Nipaul, in the alpine region 

 of Gosaingsthan. Plant tufted. Root long, simple, fusiform, a 

 finger in thickness. Scapes numerous, 3 inches high. 



Depressed Spignel. PI. \ foot. 



9 A. GIGANTE'A (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 184.) leaves supra- 

 decompound ; leaflets ovate, awned, deeply serrated, glabrous ; 

 involucra of many leaves ; petals bipartite ; fruit ovate, pubes- 

 cent. If.. H. Native of Nipaul. Root simple, fusiform. Stem 

 furrowed, 3-4 feet high, branched. Petioles and rachis pubes- 

 cent beneath. Umbels many-rayed, terminal. Petals white. 



Giant Spignel. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 



10 A. TE^RES (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 185.) leaves bipin- 

 nate, glabrous ; leaflets pinnatifid : segments linear, acute, fur- 

 rowed above ; involucra of 5 short leaves ; involucels of many 

 leaves, equal in length to the rays ; stem straight, terete, smooth. 

 I/ . H. Native of Nipaul. Stem 2 feet high, simple. 



Terete-stemmed Spignel. PI. 2 feet. 



11 A. CARVIFOLIA (Steph. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 496.) invo- 

 lucrum dimidiate ; segments pinnatifid, linear, hoary. I/ . H. 

 Native of Siberia (ex Steph. in herb. Willd.). There are 3 

 specimens under this name in Willdenow's herbarium, which are 

 very distinct from each other ; one of which is Laserpitium 

 Dauricum ; the second Rumia seseldides, and the third is Rumia 

 athamatholdes. The plant is therefore doubtful. 



Caraway-leaved Spignel. PL 1 foot? 

 Cult. These plants will grow in any common garden soil ; 

 and are either increased by dividing at the root, or by seed. 



