UMBELLIFER.E. LXXIX. LIGUSTICUM. LXXX. SILAUS. 



319 



known. According to Kunth, this is perhaps a species of He- 

 rdcleum. 



Doubtful Lovage. PI. 1 foot. 



24 L. ? GR.E V CUM (D. C. prod. 4. p. 159.) stem erect, 

 branched; leaves all bipinnate. If.. H. Native of Greece. 

 Ligusticum Grse'cum folio-apii, Tourn. cor. p. 23. Accord- 

 ing to the fruit, which is preserved in the herbarium of the 

 museum of Paris, it is a true species of Ligusticum. Sium 

 Grse'cum, Lour, and S. Grae'cum, Lin. are very different plants 

 from this. 



Greek Lovage. PI. ? 



25 L. CAPE'NSE (D. C. prod. 4. p. 159.) stem erect, branched ; 

 leaves bipinnate ; leaflets short, thick ; involucra and involucels 

 of 3-5 leaves ; fruit ovate ; calyx obsolete. If. . G. Native of 

 the Cape of Good Hope. Athamanta Capensis, Burm. fl. cap. 

 p. 7. In Burmann's herbarium there are specimens of several 

 plants fastened on the same sheet of paper, under the name of 

 Athamanta Capensis, therefore the one which he meant to go 

 under this name is doubtful. 



Cape Lovage. PI. 2 feet. 



Cult. See Athamanta, p. 316. for culture and propagation. 



LXXX. SILA'US (a name used by Pliny for an umbelliferous 

 plant). Besser, in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 34. in a note. Koch, 

 umb. p. 105. D. C. prod. 4. p. 161. Peucedanum species of 

 Lin. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Petals obovate-oblong, narrowed into an inflexed point, entire, 

 or rather emarginate, appendiculate at the base, or sessile and 

 truncate. Transverse section of fruit nearly terete. Mericarps 

 with 5 sharp, rather winged equal ribs : lateral ribs marginating ; 

 vittae many in each furrow, and so close together as to appear 

 like a single broad one ; and 4-6 in the commissure. Seed 

 somewhat semi-terete. Glabrous, perennial herbs. Leaves cut 

 into many parts ; leaflets linear. Involucra wanting, or of few 

 leaves : involucels of many leaves. Flowers cream-coloured 

 or greenish. This genus is very nearly allied to Ligusticum. ' 



1 S. PRATE'NSIS (Bess. enum. pi. vohl. p. 43. no. 1367.) stem 

 angular ; leaves supra-decompound ; leaflets pinnate-parted : 

 segments rather remote, lanceolate, nerved, a little channelled, 

 cuspidate; involucra obsolete, or of 1-2 leaves. l/.H. Na- 

 tive of humid meadows, from Europe to Tauria ; and Siberia ; 

 in Britain, in rather moist meadows and pastures. Peucedanum 

 Silaus, Lin. spec. 354. Smith, engl, bot. 2142. Mart. rust. 

 t. 128. Jacq. aust. t. 15. Hayne, arz. gew. 7. t. 5. Cnidium 

 Silaus, Spreng. umb. prod. 40.' Schultes, syst. 6. p. 416. Sium 

 Silaus, Roth, fl. germ. 1. p. 129. Seseli pratense, Riv. pent. 

 irr. t. 58. Crantz, austr. 3. p. 209. t. 6. f. 1. Seseli selinoides, 

 Jacq. enum. vind. 227. Ligusticum Silaus, Duby, in D. C. 

 bot. gall. 1. p. 230. Mor. hist. 3. sect. 9. t. 6. f. 10. Lob. 

 icon. 738. f. 5. Petiv. herb. brit. t. 28. f. 5. Root spindle- 

 shaped. Herb smooth, dark green. Leaves bipinnate ; leaflets 

 elliptic -lanceolate, entire: either undivided or separated almost 

 to the base into 2 or 3 segments of the same shape and magni- 

 tude. Umbels of several unequal rays. Involucra of from 

 1-3 linear, white-edged leaves, but most frequently none at all. 

 Involucels of several linear leaves. Flowers yellow or greenish 

 white. Fruit roundish-ovate. The whole plant, being fetid, 

 when bruised, is supposed in some parts of Norfolk to give a 

 bad flavour to milk and butter ; but cattle certainly do not eat 

 it ; except accidentally, or in small quantities, sufficient perhaps to 

 have the effect in question. Where this herb abounds in pas- 

 tures, it may be found partially cropped, though generally left 

 almost entire. 



Meadow Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. Aug. Sept. Brit. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



2 S. TENUIFOLIUS (B.C. mem. soc. gen. vol. 4.) stem terete, 



striated ; leaves 3 or 4 times pinnate ; leaflets pinnatifid or 

 trifid : segments linear, cuspidate, somewhat divaricate ; invo- 

 lucrum wanting; fruit cylindrical. If.. H. Native of Hun- 

 gary and Teneriffe ? Peucedanum tenuifolium, Desf. hort. par. 

 1813. p. 120. Poir. diet. 5. p. 228. but not of Thunb. Peu- 

 cedanum serotinum, Pers. ench. 1. p. 310. Peuced. Mathloli, 

 Spreng. in Schultes, syst. .6. p. 569. Silaus Mathloli, Koch, 

 umb. p. 106. Spreng. pug. 2. p. 56. umb. spec. p. 113. This 

 plant is usually to be found in gardens under the name of Meum 

 Sibiricum. 



Fine-leaved Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1818. 

 PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



3 S. ALPE'STRIS (Bess. enum. pi. vohl. p. 43. no. 1405.) stem 

 striated; leaves bipinnate or tripinnate, with the ramifications 

 spreading ; leaflets pinnate ; lower segments 3 or 4-parted : 

 upper ones entire : lobes all entire, linear, cuspidate ; involucra 

 almost wanting ; leaves of involucels setaceous ; fruit ovate- 

 oblong. I/. H. Native of the south of Podolia, in open fields; 

 and of Altaia, near Schulbinsk, at the river Irtysch. Peuce- 

 danum alpestre, Spreng. umb. spec. p. 56. exclusive of the 

 synonymes. Peuced. Silaus, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 215. Silaus 

 Besseri, D. C. prod. 4. p. 161. Flowers yellowish. Differs 

 from S. tenuifolius in the fruit being shorter and thicker, nearly 

 ovate, not cylindrical. Compare it with Peucedanum alpestre, 

 Lin. which is not sufficiently known. 



Alp Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1739. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



4 S. LONGIFOLIUS (Led. fl. ross. alt. 1. p. 323.) leaves supra- 

 decompound, with the ramifications rather divaricate ; leaflets 

 somewhat tripartite : segments lanceolate or linear, cuspidate ; 

 involucra almost wanting ; leaves of involucels setaceous, y. . 

 H. Native of Siberia, in meadows, about the rivers Irtysch 

 and Buchtorminsk. Ligusticum longifolium, Willd. spec. 1. 

 p. 1428. Athamanta denudata, Fisch. Angelica Fischeri, 

 Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 605. Crithmum Mediter- 

 raneum, Bieb. fl. taur. 3. p. 215. Ligusticum Fischeri, Link, 

 enum. 1. p. 276. Cnidium Fischeri, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 888. 

 Gmel. sib. 1. p. 188. no. 4. t. 41. The Altaian plant differs 

 from the one collected on the banks of the Volga, in the leaves 

 being more profoundly divided, nearly ternate ; in the segments 

 being linear, not 3-5-parted ; in the lobes being lanceolate ; and 

 in the involucra being usually of 1 leaf. Furrows of fruit fur- 

 nished with 1 vittae each, but sometimes the outer ones have 2. 



Var. ft, divaricatum ; segments of leaves longer. If, . H. 

 Cnidium divaricatum, Led. ind. sem. hort. dorp. 



Long-leaved Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. 

 PI. 2 feet. 



5 S. CARVIFO'LIUS (Meyer, pflanz. p. 125.) root fusiform; 

 stem furrowed and striated, branched ; leaves bipinnate ; 

 leaflets of the radical leaves decussate : of the cauline linear, 

 divaricate ; involucra and involucels composed of short seta- 

 ceous leaves ; rays of umbel very unequal. H.. H. Native of 

 Caucasus, on the higher mountains. Bunium peucedanoides, 

 Bieb, fl. taur. 1. p. 208. suppl. 211. D. C. prod. 4>. p. 116. 

 Sium peucedanoides, Spreng. umb. spec. 41. no. 5. Peuce- 

 danum carvifolia, Bieb. Petals pale yellow. Vittae solitary in 

 the furrows, according to Besser : but there are 2-3 vittae in 

 nearly all the furrows, rarely solitary. 



Caraway-leaved Pepper-saxifrage. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1818. 

 PI. 1 ft. 



6 S. ? PEUCEDANOI V DES (D. C. prod. 4. p. 161.) root turnip- 

 formed ; stem striated, fistular, somewhat trichotomous at the 

 apex ; leaves nearly ternate ; segments linear, acute, entire, 

 with revolute margins ; involucra of 1 leaf ; involucels wanting ; 

 umbels of 4-5 rays ; umbellules 8-10-flowered. O-?H. Na- 

 tive of South America, on temperate mountains about Popayan. 

 Cnidium peucedanoides, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 



