326 



UMBELLIFEILE. XCII. FERULA. 



9 F. CLAU'CA (Lin. spec. p. 588.) stem terete, branched ; 

 leaves supra-decompound, glaucous beneath ; leaflets linear, 

 elongated, flat ; involucra wanting ; petioles of upper leaves 

 dilated ; central umbel pedunculate ; lateral ones male, on longer 

 peduncles. J/ . H. Native of the south of France, at Merival, 

 near Montpelier in the spot mentioned by Lobel ; also of Pro- 

 vence, Italy, Sicily, Greece, &c. F. folio glauco, Bauh. hist. 3. 

 p. 2. p. 45. with a figure. Ferula et Ferulago, Lob. adv. p. 348. 

 F. cornmunis, Gouan. hort. monsp. p. 140. F. glauca, D. C. fl. 

 fr. suppl. p. 514. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 588. Leaves of involucra 

 many, linear-setaceous, caducous, ex Spreng. but in the plants 

 examined there has been no involucra seen ; therefore Sprengel's 

 plant is probably distinct from this. 



Glaucous Giant-fennel. Fl. June, July. Clt. 155,6. PI. 6 

 to 8 feet. 



10 F. RIGI'DULA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 172.) stem terete, branch- 

 ed, and is, as well as the petioles, quite glabrous ; leaves bipin- 

 nate ; leaflets pinnatifid : lobes short, few, acute, channelled, 

 stiffish, hardly puberulous ; umbels rather panicled, without any 

 involucra. If. . H. Native of Persia, on rocks among the 

 mountains about Seidkhodz. Very like F. Cdspica in the in- 

 florescence and fruit, but differs in the primary pairs of leaves 

 being an inch and a half distance from each other, and the 

 secondary pairs are more elongated ; leaflets fewer ; lobes fewer, 

 stiffer, and rather fleshy. Sheaths larger, and rather glaucous. 



Stiffish Giant-fennel. PI. 3 feet ? 



11 F. CA'SPICA (Bieb. fl. taur. suppl. no. 551.) stem terete, 

 branched ; leaves triplicately pinnate : leaflets pinnatifid, soft, 

 approximate ; segments very short ; umbels somewhat panicled ; 

 the peduncles of the lateral umbels furnished each with a subulate 

 ligula at the base; involucra none. If.. H. Native of arid 

 fields from Odessa to Sarepta ; and of Caucasus, near Kisliar. 

 Spreng. umb. spec. p. 81. F. cachroides, Fisch. in litt. 1822. 

 There are varieties of this with either glabrous or pubescent 

 leaves, according to Bieb. The habit is like that of Cachrys 

 Odonldlgica. Sheaths cucullate : upper ones almost destitute of 

 leaves. Fruit oval, glabrous, 3 lines long, l line broad. Com- 

 missure furnished with 4 vittae. Umbel-bearing branches alter- 

 nate : lower ones often opposite, and upper ones in whorles. 

 Perhaps a species of Peucedanum, according to Besser. 



Caspian Giant-fennel. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. PI. 2 

 to 3 feet. 



12 F. ORIENTALS (Lin. spec. p. 356.) stem terete, branched; 

 leaves 5 times pinnate ; leaflets multifid, setaceous, apparently 

 puberulous when examined by a lens ; sheaths large, cucullate ; 

 involucra wanting. 1. H. Native of Asia Minor, Greece, Cau- 

 casus on Mount Beschbarmak, and perhaps of Numidia. Lam. 

 diet. 9.. p. 455. Spreng. umb. spec. p. 89.? Tourn. trav. 2. t. 379. 

 Branches of root thick. Leaves a foot and a half long. Upper 

 sheaths 3 inches long, and an inch broad. Sprengel refers to this 

 the Fashook of Jackson's account of Morocco, t. 7. Steven 

 says it is the same as F. peucedanifolia, Willd. herb., but 

 Pallas's figure, which is cited for it, is very different from our 

 plant. 



Eastern Giant-fennel. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1759. PI. 3 to 

 4 feet. 



13 F. PE'RSICA (Willd. spec. 1. p. 1413.) stem terete, glau- 

 cous ; leaves ternately supra-decompound ; leaflets rather re- 

 rriote or decurrently pinnate : segments linear-lanceolate, dilated, 

 and cut at the apex ; primordial umbel sessile ; involucra and 

 involucels wanting, i;. H. Native of Persia; and of Caucasus, 

 on hills near Baku. Andr. bot. reg. 558. Sims, bot. mag. 

 2096. F. assafce'tida, Mart, in Mill. diet. no. 9. exclusive of 

 the synonyme of Koemf. Woodv. med. bot. 22. t. 8. Plench. 

 icon. t. 203. Assafce'tida, Hoppe, in phil. trans. 1785. p. 36. 

 t. 3. and 4. The plant smells very strong of assafcetida, and 



there is a yellow gummy juice very like it flows from the plant, 

 which in all probability has the same virtues as that of the true 

 assafcetida, F. assafoe'tida. Plant of a yellowish hue. 



Persian Assafcetida. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1782. PI. 3 to 6 ft. 



14 F. TINGITA'NA (Lin. spec. p. 355.) stem terete, branched ; 

 leaves supra-decompound, shining ; leaflets or segments oblong- 

 lanceolate, deeply toothed ; upper petioles large, sheathing; ter- 

 minal umbels on short peduncles : lateral umbels few, male, on 

 longer peduncles ; involucra none. If. . H. Native of Spain 

 and Barbary, and in fields about Tangiers. Rivin. pentap. 3. t. 

 10. Herm. par. t. 165. Moris, ox. s*ct. 9. t. 15. last figure. 

 Desf. fl. all. 1. p. 251. Fruit 6 lines long, and 3 lines broad. 

 This plant is easily distinguished from the rest, in the leaflets 

 being broader, and shining. 



Tangier Giant-fennel. Fl. 'June, July. Clt. 1680. PI. 6 

 to 8 feet. 



15 T. NU'DA (Spreng. umb. spec. 81. t. 7. f. 15.) stem terete, 

 striated, branched ; leaves ternately bipinnatifid, glaucous ; seg- 

 ments obtuse, rather tridentate ; involucra and involucels none. 

 If.. H. Native of Siberia. Petioles sheathing at the base, 

 glaucous. Branches spreading. Stem about the thickness of a 

 goose quill, girded by fibres at the base, just at the neck. 



Naked Giant-fennel. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1821. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



16 F. TOLUCCE'NSIS (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. et spec. 5. p. 

 12. t. 418.) stem terete, fistular; leaves quadripinnate ; leaflets 

 or segments linear, acute, flat; involucrum of one leaf; involu- 

 cels of 3-7 linear leaves, which exceed the fruit. If. . F. Native 

 of Mexico, in cold places near the town of Tolucco. Herb gla- 

 brous, a foot high, a little more. Rays of umbel unequal. 

 Leaf of involucrum linear, shorter than the rays of the umbel. 

 Leaves of involucels 5-6, very unequal, the longer ones exceed- 

 ing the umbellules. Flowers many, abortive. Vittae 4 in the 

 commissure, and 3 in the furrows. 



TWacco Giant-fennel. PI. l|-foot. 



17 F. PETI'OLA'RIS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 173.) plant quite' gla- 

 brous ; stems terete, branched, leafy at the base ; petioles biter- 

 nate, having the ultimate divisions very long, and cylindrically 

 conical, acute, bearing no foliaceous segments ; upper sheaths 

 small, undivided, acuminated ; involucra and involucels none. 

 If . H. Native of Persia, among stones on the tops of the moun- 

 tains about Seidkhodz, where it was collected by Szowits. The 

 species is very remarkable in the absence of foliaceous leaflets, 

 and therefore the leaves are reduced to the naked petioles. Ul- 

 timate lobes of petioles 7-8 inches long, usually knotted at the 

 third part of their length, as in Juncus articulatus, the knots in- 

 dicating the places of the abortive branches. Umbels few-flow- 

 ered. Young fruit oblong, glaucous. 



Petwlar Giant-fennel. PI. 2 to 4 feet ? 



18 F. SESELOI'DES (Meyer, pflanz. p. 126.) glabrous, glances- 

 cent ; stem rather angular, leafy, branched ; lower leaves bipin- 

 nate : leaflets pinnatifid : lobes linear ; sheaths narrow : upper 

 sheaths leafless, acuminated ; umbels all fertile, pedunculate ; 

 involucra almost wanting ; leaves of involucel setaceous ; vittae 

 1-3 in the furrows. If.. H. Native of Caucasus, on Mount 

 Beschbarmak. Leaves of Seseli montanum ; but the petals are 

 yellow like other species of Ferula. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Fruit nearly like Peucedanum. 



Seseli-like Giant-fennel. PI. 2 to 3 feet? 



* * Steins almost naked. 



19 F. A'SSA-FOJ'TIDA (Lin. mat. med. 79.) stem terete, sim- 

 ple, furnished with leafless sheaths ; radical leaves pinnate, hav- 

 ing 1 or 2 pinnatifidly sinuated leaflets on each side : lobes ob- 

 long, obtuse ; involucra wanting. If. . H. Native of Persia, in 

 the provinces of Khorassan, Laar, and Fars. A'ssa-fce'tida, 

 Koempf. amcen. p. 535. and p. 536. with a figure. Stein 



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