UMBELLIFER^E. CIX. HERACLEUM. 



343 



$ . H. Native of the Eastern and Central Pyrenees, in rugged 

 places ; and of Italy, on the mountains ; as well as of Croatia, 

 Tyrol, and about Verona. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 315. H. ampli- 

 folium, Lapeyr. abr. p. 153. Poll. ver. 1. p. 339. and H. seto- 

 sum, Lap. suppl. p. 44. ex Benth. cat. p. 89. H. platyphyllum, 

 Ram. pyr. ined. H. alplnum/3, Pers. All the other synonymes 

 added to this plant by Spreng. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 577. are 

 wrong or doubtful. 



Pyrenean Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1798. PI. 4 

 to 6 feet. 



15 H. PA'NACES (Lin. spec. p. 358.) leaves pinnate, canes- 

 cent beneath ; leaflets on long petioles, cordate, usually 3-lobed, 

 toothed ; leaves of involucels linear-setaceous ; young fruit 

 bearing a few scattered hairs. $ . H. Native of the southern 

 Alps of Europe. Lob. icon. t. 701. f. 2. Mor. ox. sect. 9. t. 

 17. f. 3. H. set6sum, Lapeyr. abr. p. 153 ? 



True Cow-parsnip. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1796. PI. 6 feet. 



16 H. A'SPERUM (Bieb. fl. taur. suppl. p. 224.) stem rough 

 from strigae ; leaves deeply lobed, serrated, acute, scabrous 

 above, pubescent beneath ; umbels of 40 rays ; leaves of invo- 

 lucra setaceous ; fruit orbicularly elliptic, when young rather 

 scabrous. $ . H. Native of the north of Caucasus, on Mount 

 Beschtau ; and according to Koch also of the Alps of Bavaria 

 and Tyrol. Spondylium asperum, Hoffm. umb. p. 134. Dorsal 

 vittae 2 longer than the lateral ones ; all filiform ; those in the 

 commissure evidently clavate. In the cultivated plant the fruit 

 is nearly glabrous even when young. 



Rough Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1818. PI. 6 to 8 ft. 



17 H. VILLOSCM (Fisch. in Schultes, syst. 6. p. 579.) leaves 

 sinuately pinnatifid, sharply serrated, acuminated, clothed with 

 hoary tomentum beneath ; leaves of involucra and involucels 

 setaceous, deflexed ; umbels sparingly radiant ; fruit elliptic, 

 ciliated, woolly on the back. $ . H. Native of Caucasus, in 

 gravelly places on the margins of rivulets. Stev. obs. 1828. p. 

 72. H. Pyrenaicum, Bieb. fl. et suppl. no. 559. but not of Lam. 

 H. decipiens and H. marginatum, Hoffm. umb. p. 134. and 135. 

 and probably H. giganteum, Horn. hort. hafn. ex Prescott. 

 Leaves as in H. Pyrenaicum hoary beneath, but differs in the 

 young fruit being tomentose, and in the adult ones being roughly 

 ciliated. Vittae broad ; the dorsal ones drawn out beyond the 

 middle, and filling the furrows ; the commissural ones short, 

 rarely somewhat branched. There are varieties with larger 

 and smaller fruit. 



Far. ft, subvillosum (Hoffm. umb. gen.) fruit covered by scat- 

 tered rather loose hairs ; leaves less canescent beneath. 



Villous Cow-parsnip. Fl. July. Clt. 1826. PI. 4 to 6 feet. 



18 H. PUBE'SCENS (Bieb. suppl. p. 225.) leaves pubescent be- 

 neath ; cauline leaves ternate ; leaflets somewhat palmately pin- 

 natifid, toothed ; segments and recesses acute ; umbels of many 

 rays ; involucra of 1-2 leaves ; involucels short, caducous, of 

 few leaves ; fruit elliptic, having the disk rather villous. $ . H. 

 Native of the south of Tauria, in shady places ; and of Eastern 

 Caucasus, in alpine places. Spondylium pubescens, Hoffm. 

 umb. p. 134. H. speciosum, Ledeb. hort. dorp. 77. H. Pa- 

 naces, Steven, mem. mosc. 3. p. 259 ? To this species is pro- 

 bably referrible the H. gummiferum, Willd. enum. p. 312. hort. 

 berol. 1. p. 53. t. 53. and t. 54. It differs, however, from H. 

 Pyrenaicum and H. Panaces, in the young fruit being clothed 

 with short down, not with long spreading down. Fruit glabrous 

 in the adult state ; having the dorsal vittae slender, and drawn out 

 beyond the middle, and being suddenly dilated into a club-shaped 

 form at the apex. The young shoots are filled with a sweet 

 aromatic juice, which is called Baldergan by the natives of Cau- 

 casus, and is eaten by them in a crude state. 



Pubescent Cow-parsnip. Fl. July. Clt. 1823. PI. 4 to 5 feet. 



19 H. BARBA'TUM (Ledeb. fl. ross. alt. ill, t. 303.) leaves pin- 



nate, with 2 pairs of leaflets ; lower leaflets and terminal one 

 sinuately pinnate-parted, petiolate : lobes acuminated, serrated : 

 serratures ovate, acuminated ; umbels radiant : fruit elliptic, be- 

 set with a few pili, somewhat emarginate at the apex ; vittae in 

 the commissure parallel. $ . H. Native of Altaia, in moun- 

 tain meadows. "Stem furrowed like the rest, beset with rigid 

 pili, which rise from a callous or blackish point, and which are 

 usually retrograde on the lower part of the stem ; bearded 

 with numerous pili at the knees. Petioles hispid, bearded at 

 the insertion of the petioles. Leaves pubescent beneath, but 

 green and furnished with a few stiff hairs beneath at the veins. 

 Involucrum of one or few leaves, caducous ; involucels of a few 

 linear permanent leaves. To this plant may be referred the one 

 in Gmel. fl. sib. 1. p. 213. no. 29. which Linnaeus has cited for 

 his H. Panaces. It is called Sladkajatrawa, i. e. a sweet herb, 

 by the natives of Siberia, a name given by them to many other 

 plants, as to Liquorice and Milk-vetch, &c. 

 Bearded Cow-parsnip. PI. 4 feet. 



20 H. DISSE'CTUM (Ledeb. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 304. fl. alt. 1. p. 

 301.) leaves ternate ; leaflets petiolulate : lateral leaflets pinnate- 

 parted : terminal one palmate-parted : segments cut or pinnatifid, 

 oblong, acuminated, serrated ; umbels radiant ; mericarps orbi- 

 cularly elliptic, at length glabrous ; commissural vittse diverg- 

 ing. $ . H. Native of Altaia, in meadows, near Tschets- 

 chulicha, and the metal mines at Riddersk ; and elsewhere. H. 

 laciniatum, Fisch. in litt. ? Stem deeply furrowed, sparingly 

 pilose, hispid at the joints, villous towards the top. Leaves his- 

 pid above from a few thick hairs, but paler and pubescent be- 

 neath. Involucra wanting ; involucels of a few linear leaves, 

 which are variable in length. Flowers white. 



Dissected-leaveA Cow-parsnip. Fl. July. PI. 3 feet. 



21 H. DOUGLA'SII (D. C. prod. 4. p. 193.) leaves scabrous 

 beneath, and on the petioles, glabrous above, ternate ; leaflets 

 petiolulate, cordate, S-5-lobed, acuminated, toothed ; leaves of 

 involucra numerous, subulate at the apex ; fruit obovate, gla- 

 brous : dorsal vittse elongated, rather club-shaped ; commissural 

 vittae 2, short, rather club-shaped, and 2 other small, nearly 

 abortive ones. ?. H. Native of the north-west coast of Ame- 

 rica. This may prove nothing but a variety of //. lanatum. 



Douglas's Cow-parsnip. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 



22 H. CUNEIFORMS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 194.) leaves hispid be- 

 neath, as well as the petioles, glabrous above, pinnate ; leaflets 

 3-5, petiolulate, cordate, lobed ; lobes toothed, hardly acumi- 

 nated ; leaves of involucra many subulate ; fruit obovate-cu- 

 neated, glabrous ; dorsal vittae filiform ; commissural vittae 2, 

 rather clavate. % . H. Native country unknown, but probably 

 of Siberia. 



Cwnej/brm-fruited Cow-parsnip. PI. 4 feet? 



23 H. LIGUSTICIFOLIUM (Bieb. fl. et suppl. no. 560.) leaves 

 decompound, ternate or quinately pinnate, smoothish ; leaflets 

 cuneated, obtuse, deeply serrated ; fruit villous ; vittae filiform, 

 acute. $ . H. Native of Tauria, on stony hills ; and of Cau- 

 casus, in subalpine places above Nikita, ex Stev. obs. 1828. p. 

 71. H. montanum, Georgi in Willd. herb, ex Stev. Stem an- 

 gular, pubescent, as well as the young leaves. Flowers white, 

 radiant. Commissural vittae equal in length to the dorsal ones 



Lovage-leaved Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1816. 

 PI. 2 feet. 



24 H. CAUCA'SICUM (Stev. mem. soc. hist. nat. mosc. 3. p. 

 259.) leaves ternate; leaflets on long petioles, toothed, glabrous 

 above, pubescently scabrous beneath : intermediate one 3-lobed. 



. H. Native of Caucasus, on the mountains, at the river Ju- 

 charibasch. Flowers white, rather radiant. A plant like this 

 from Iberia has the upper leaves ovate and 3-lobed, on long 

 petioles, and the young fruit bristly. 



Caucasian Cow-parsnip. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1818. PI. 4 ft. 



