UMBELLIFER^:. CXXIX. ARTEDIA. CXXX. ORLAYA. CXXXI. DAUCUS. 



353 



plant is called by gardeners Bubon Galbanum, to which it is very 

 similar in habit, hence it has the name of decipiens. 



Deceiving Black-parsley. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1785. Shrub. 



Cult. Any light soil will suit this plant ; and it is only to 

 be increased by seed. 



Tribe XII. 



DAUCI'NE.iE (this section contains plants agreeing with 

 Daucus in important characters) or ORTHOSPE'RM^; MULTIJU- 

 GA V T;E ARMA'M:. Koch, umb. p. 76. D. C. prod. 4. p. 208. 

 Fruit lenticularly compressed from the back, or the transverse 

 section is nearly terete. Mericarps with 5 primary, filiform, 

 bristly ribs : the lateral ones placed in the commissure, which 

 is flat, as in Thapsiece ; and with 4 secondary ones, which are 

 more prominent and prickly than the primary ones : the 

 prickles free, or joined into a wing. Seed complanate or 

 somewhat semi-teretely convex, flatfish in front. 



CXXIX. ARTE'DIA (Peter Artedi, a student of medicine 

 in Sweden. He arranged umbelliferous plants from the calyx ; 

 died in 1735.). Lin. gen. no. 332. Lam. ill. t. 173. Spreng. 

 umb. prod. 18. Lam. am. nat. 2. p. 90. Koch, umb. 76. f. 

 9-10. D. C. prod. p. 208. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Petals obovate, emarginate, with an inflexed point ; those in the 

 outer ray of the umbels with unequal lobes : the outer lobe 

 very large. Fruit compressed from the back. Mericarps 

 with 5 primary, filiform ribs : the 3 intermediate dorsal, and 

 the 2 lateral ones placed in the commissure ; and 4 secon- 

 dary ribs : the 2 inner ones of these filiform : and the 2 outer 

 ones winged ; the wings deeply and sinuately lobed. Carpo- 

 phore bipartite. Vittae none. Seed flat. An annual, glabrous 

 herb. Leaves, as well as those of the involucra and involucels 

 divided into linear lobes. Umbels compound. Flowers white. 

 Herb with the habit of Nigella Damascena ; and the inflores- 

 cence like that of Orlaya grandiflora, 



1 A. SQUAMMA^TA (Lin. spec. p. 347.). 0. H. Native of 

 the Levant, on Mount Lebanon (Lin.); between Bagdad and 

 Kermancha (Olivier), on the banks of the Euphrates (C. Ros- 

 tan) ; in Syria and Asia Minor (Schr.) ; in the Morea, and 

 Lycia (Smith) ; Cyprus (Sibth.). Gingidium Rauwolfia, Cam. 

 hort. 16. but not of Dioscorides, ex Sibth. and Smith, fl. graec. 

 268. Thapsia orientalis, Tourn. cor. 22. I. Mor. ox. sect. 9. 

 t. 18. f. 11. Flowers white. There is a pencil-like brown 

 brush in the centre of the umbels. Cotyledons long, linear. 

 Compare D. C. mem. umb. t. 19. t. 7. 



Scaly Artedia. Fl. Jul. Clt. 1740. PI. 1 to 1^ foot. 



Cult. The seeds should be sown as soon as they are ripe, 

 in a warm border, as if sown in spring, the plant rarely pro- 

 duces seed. 



CXXX. ORLA'YA (in honour of John Orlay, M.D. secre- 

 tary to the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Moscow). Hoffin. 

 umb. 1. p. 58. Koch, umb. p. 78. f. 12-13. Caucalis species, 

 Lin. Spreng. Lag. Platyspermum, Koch, in litt. 1S28. but not 

 of Horlm. D. C. prod. 4. p. 209. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5 -toothed. 

 Petals obovate, emarginate, with an inflexed point : those in the 

 outer rays of the umbel radiant and profoundly bifid. Fruit 

 lenticularly compressed from the back. Mericarps with 5, fili- 

 form, primary, setiferous ribs : the 3 intermediate ones dorsal : 

 and the 2 lateral ones placed in the commissure, which is flat : 

 and with 4 secondary ones, bearing 2-3 series of prickles each : 

 the outer ones more prominent, or a little winged ; prickles 

 hooked, or rayed at the apex. Vittae 1 in each furrow, under 

 the secondary ribs. Carpophore bifid or undivided. Seed 



VOL. III. 



flat, convex behind. Annual herbs. Leaves multifid ; lobes 

 linear. Involucra variable ; involucels of many leaves. Flowers 

 white : those in the rays of the umbels hermaphrodite, with short 

 styles : those in the disk male : the rest female, and fertile, 

 with long styles. 



1 O. GRANDIFLO'RA (Hoffm. umb. 1. p. 58.) plant erect, di- 

 chotomous, glabrous ; leaves bipinnate ; leaflets pinnatifid : seg- 

 ments linear, short; leaves of involucra 5, with scarious mar- 

 gins ; prickles of fruit hooked at the apex. Q. H. Native of 

 south and middle Europe, and of Tauria, in fields. Echinophora, 

 Col. ecphr. 1. 91. t. 94. f. 1. Rivin. pent. t. 25. Caucalis gran- 

 diflora, Lin. spec. p. 346. Lam. ill. t. 192. f. 1. Jacq. aust. 1. t. 

 54. Daucus grandiflorus, Scop. earn. 1. p. 189. Lob. icon. 728. 

 f. 1. Mor. hist. sect. 9. t. 14. f. 3. There is a variety of this 

 with smaller flowers, a native of the south of France. 



Great-flowered Orlaya. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1648. PI. 1 to 2 ft. 



2 O. PLATYCA'RPOS (Koch, umb. p. 79.) plant erect, divari- 

 cately branched, rough, or rather pilose ; leaves bipinnate ; 

 segments lanceolate, remotish ; peduncles stiff, opposite the 

 leaves ; leaves of involucrum 3, short ; prickles of fruit coloured 

 and hooked. Q. H. Native from the south of France to 

 Tauria, in the region of Olives, in fields. Echinophora platy- 

 carpos, Col. ecphr. 1. p. 94. Caucalis platycarpos, Lin. spec. 

 p. 347. C. latifolia, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 426. exclusive of the 

 synonymes. J. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 2. p. 80. f. 1. 



Broad-fruited Orlaya. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1 800. PI. 1 ft. 



3 O. MARI'TIMA (Koch, 1. c.) plant diffusely procumbent, vel- 

 vety from villi ; leaves bipinnate : segments bluntish, mucro- 

 nate ; peduncles elongated ; leaves of involucra 3, short, undi- 

 vided ; prickles of fruit radiately glochidate at the apex. O- H- 

 Native of Mauritania, Spain, and the south of France, Corsica, 

 west of Italy, and Candia. Caucalis maritimus, Gouan. hort. 

 monsp. p. 135. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 335. C. pumila, Gouan. 

 flor. 285. Daucus maritimus, Gsertn. fruct. t. 20. f. 4. but not 

 of Lam. Daucus maritimus /8, Lin. mant. p. 352. Moris, 

 hist. sect. 9. t. 14. f. 7. There is a variety of this having a 

 bifid umbel (Gerard, gallo-prov. p. 227. t. 10.) or 3-4-cleft, and 

 the lower ones 5-cleft. 



Sea-side Orlaya. Fl. May, Jul. Clt. 1810. PI. proc. 

 Cult. Sow the seeds in spring, in the open ground. 



CXXXI. DAU'CUS (AavKof, of Dioscorides, is said to be 

 from data, daio, to make hot ; from its supposed effect in 

 medicine). Tourn. inst. p. 307. t. 161. Lin. gen. no. 333 

 Gaertn. fruct. 1. t. 20. Duby, bot. gall. 1. p. 215. Koch 

 in litt. 1828. D. C. prod. 4. p. 209. Caucalis species, Lag. 

 Daucus and Platyspermum, Hoffm. umb, 1. p. 62. and 64. 

 Koch, umb. p. 76 and 78. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5- 

 toothed. Petals obovate, emarginate, with an inflexed point : 

 outer ones usually radiating, and profoundly bifid. Fruit some- 

 what compressed from the back, ovate or oblong. Mericarps 

 with 5 primary, filiform, bristly ribs : the 3 intermediate ones 

 dorsal : and the 2 lateral ones placed in the commissure, which is 

 flat ; and with 4 more secondary, prominent, equal, winged ribs, 

 which are divided into a simple series of prickles. Vittae 1 in 

 each furrow, under the secondary ribs. Seed flattish in front. 

 Herbs, usually biennial. Leaves bipinnate. Leaves of involucra 

 many, trifid, or pinnatifid; involucels of many entire or trifid 

 leaves. Flowers white or yellow : the central ones usually fleshy, 

 dark purple, and sterile. The species of this genus are badly 

 known, and are extremely difficult to extricate from confusion. 



SECT. I. PLATYSPE'RMUM (from irXarve, platys, broad, and 

 , sperma, a seed ; seeds broad). Hoffm. umb. 1. p. 64. 

 Z z 



