UMBELLIFERjE. CXXXVI. SCANBIX. 



363 



Sctindix in many important characters), or Campylospermae 

 paucijugatse, elonate, Koch, umb. p. 130. Sprengel in Schultes, 

 syst. 6. p. 42. D. C. prod. 4. p. 220. Fruit evidently com- 

 pressed or contracted from the sides, usually beaked. Mericarps 

 with 5 filiform ribs, now and then winged : lateral ones marginat- 

 ing ; all equal ; and sometimes all are obliterated at the base, and 

 only evident at the tops. Seed teretely convex, having a pro- 

 found furrow in front, or with the margins somewhat involute. 



CXXXVI. SCA'NDIX (Greek name of an eatable plant, but 

 what plant is unknown). Gsertn. fruct. 2. p. 33. t. 85. D. C. fl. 

 fr. 4. p. 291. Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 37. Koch, umb. p. 132. 

 Spreng. syst. 1. p. 201. D. C. prod. 4. p. 220. Scandix and 

 Wylia, Hoffm. Scandix species, Lin. 



LIN. SYST. Penldndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete, 

 or somewhat 5-toothed. Petals obovate, truncate or emarginate, 

 usually furnished with an inflexed point. Fruit somewhat com- 

 pressed from the sides, having a very long beak ; mericarps with 

 5 blunt equal ribs: lateral ribs marginating; furrows without 

 vittae, or with obsolete ones. Carpophore undivided, or forked 

 at the apex. Seed teretely convex, with a deep furrow in front. 

 Annual herbs, with terete, rather striated stems, and bi-pinnate 

 leaves, having the leaflets divided into linear lobes. Umbels of 

 few rays. Involucra wanting, or of one leaf. Umbellules of 

 few rays ; involucels of 5-7 leaves. Flowers white. 



SECT. I. PE'CTEN (from pecten, a comb ; beaks of fruit like 

 the teeth of a comb). Duby in D. C. bot. gall. 1. p. 240. D.C. 

 prod. 4. p. 221. Scandix, Hoffm. umb. 1. p. 23. Beak of 

 fruit compressed from the back. Petals nearly equal. Carpo- 

 phore setaceous, undivided. 



1 S. PINNATI'FIDA (Vent. hort. eels. t. 14.) leaves of invo- 

 lucels divided into linear lobes ; umbels of few rays, fasciculate; 

 fruit scabrous in the seminiferous part. Q. H. Native of the 

 Levant, between Bagdad and Kermancha ; and of Persia, in the 

 province of Aderbeidjan, between Amadan and Teheran ; also of 

 Tauria and Iberia. Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 229. suppl. 235. Schultes, 

 syst. 6. p. 505. S. Stella, Russ. alep. Stem and leaves gla- 

 brous, or hardly pilose. Leaves multifid, with slender segments. 

 Perhaps S. parvirlora, Retz, pug. 12. Schultes, syst. p. 502. is 

 referrible to this species. 



Pinnatifid-lezved. Shepherd's-needle. Fl. June, July. Clt. 

 1805. PI. l.foot. 



2 S. PE'CTEN-VE'NERIS (Lin. spec. 368.) leaves of involucels 

 jagged ; fruit nearly smooth, with a bristly edged beak. Q. H. 

 Native of Europe, Levant, north of Africa and Teneriffe, in cul- 

 tivated fields, common ; plentiful in Britain. Smith, engl. bot. 

 t. 1397. Curt. lond. 5. t. 21. Mart. rust. t. 38. Fl. dan. 844. 

 Jacq. austr. t. 263. S. Pecten, Hoffm. umb. 1. p. 24. t. 1. f. 

 22. Schultes, syst. 6. p. 501. Chacrophyllum Pecten- Veneris, 

 Crantz, austr. p. 189. Chserophyllum rostratum a, Lam. diet. 

 1. p. 685. Myrrhis Pecten- Veneris, All. pedem. no. 1376. 

 Riv. pent. irr. t. 38. Pecten- Veneris, Matth. valgr. 1. p. 481. 

 with a figure. Cam. epit. 304. with a figure. Stem furrowed, 

 smooth, or rather hairy, often purplish. Leaves pale green, 

 triply pinnatifid : with linear acute smooth segments. Umbels 

 simple, solitary or in pairs, over-topped by the broad jagged 

 leaves of the involucels. Flowers in some degree radiant. Petals 

 inflexed at the point. This is sometimes a troublesome weed, 

 to which, though slightly aromatic and acrid, no particular use is 

 attributed. Dioscorides, indeed, mentions it as eatable, but his 

 SravSi may not be ours. 



Common Shepherd's-needle, Venus' s-comb, or Needle Chervil. 

 Fl. June, Sept. Britain. PI. 1 foot. 



3 S. BRACHYCA'RPA (Guss. ind. sem. 1825. prod. sic. 1. p. 

 350.) involucrum wanting ; leaves of involucels entire ; umbels 

 of few rays ; fruit glabrous in the seminiferous part ; beak hardly 



twice the length of the seed. Q. H. Native of Sicily, on the 

 Nebrodes ; and of Syria. This is an intermediate plant between 

 the two sections of the genus from habit ; but the beak of the 

 fruit is compressed from the back, not from the sides. Leaves 

 ternately decompound, glabrous : lobes short. Stem hardly a 

 hand high. Fruit 10 lines long. 



Short-fruited Shepherd's-needle. PI. to 



f foot. 



SECT. II. WY'LIA (named in memory of Sir James VVylie, M.D. 

 president of the Medico-Chirurgical Academy of Petersburg!), 

 and first physician to the emperor of Russia). Duby in D. C. 

 bot. gall. 1. p. 240. D. C. prod. 1. c. Wylia, Hoffm. umb. 1. 

 p. 3. t. 2. Beak of fruit compressed from the sides. Carpo- 

 phore bifid at the apex. Petals radiant. 



4 S. AUSTRA'LIS (Lin. spec. 569.) leaves of involucels ovate, 

 acute, a little toothed, erect, somewhat convolute around the 

 pedicels ; radiant petals obovate, entire, exceeding the others a 

 little; fruit scabrous in every part ; stem glabrous below. Q- 

 H. Native of the south of Europe, in corn fields and sterile 

 places. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 202. Sibth and Smith, fl. grsec. t. 

 285. Myrrhis australis, All. pedem. no. 1377. Chaerophyllum, 

 australe, Crantz. umb. 76. Chaerophyllum rostratum /3, Lam. 

 diet. 1. p. 685. Wy'lia australis, Hoffm. umb. 1. p. 5. t. 2. 

 f. 1. Col. ecphr. 1. t. 90. Sheaths of leaves and petioles usually 

 pilose. 



Southern Shepherd's-needle. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1713. PI. 

 I foot. 



5 S. FALCA'TA (Lond. journ. mosc. 1. p. 87. t. 5. ex Hoffm.) 

 leaves of involucels obovate, bluntly bidenlate, ciliated, with 

 membranous margins ; radiant petals obovate, somewhat emar- 

 ginate ; fruit rather falcate, scabrous from bristles ; stem and 

 petioles pilose; umbels glabrous. O- H. Native of Tauria, 

 frequent. S. australis /3, Bieb. suppl. 424. Wy'lia radians, 

 Schultes, syst. 6. p. 504. ? 



/a/crtte-fruited Shepherd's-needle. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1817. 

 PI. | foot. 



6 S. APICULA'TA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 221.) leaves of involucels 

 oval, acutely mucronate or bidentate, with membranous ciliated 

 margins ; radiant petals oblong- obovate, entire or bifid, with an 

 acute recess ; fruit scabrous from bristles ; stem and petioles 

 pilose; umbels glabrous. O- H. Native of the Levant. Very 

 like S.falcata, but differs in the involucels being mucronate and 

 acute ; in the styles being long, and at length diverging ; in the 

 lower leaves being on longer petioles, and in the plant being 

 smaller. 



j4piculated-fruheH Shepherd's-needle. PI. ^ foot. 



7 S. GRANDIFLORA (Lin. spec. 369.) leaves of'involucels ovate, 

 obtuse, somewhat denticulated, with membranous ciliated mar- 

 gins ; radiant petals somewhat obcordate, with an obtuse recess ; 

 fruit bristly ; stem and leaves hairy. Q. H. Native of Greece, 

 Tauria, and Iberia, in fields ; also of Dalmatia, if S. hirsuta of 

 Biasoletto, collected at Lossin-Piccolo, be the same. Scandix 

 orientalis flore maximo, Tourn. cor. p. 23. Chaerophy'llum 

 grandiflorum, Lam. diet. 1. p. 686. Wy'lia grandiflora, Hoffm. 

 umb. l.p. 15. t. 2. f. 3. 



Var. (3, glabrcita (D. C. prod. 4. p. 222.) stem and leaves gla- 

 brous. 0. H. Native of the Levant, about Bagdad. Rays of 

 umbel forming almost a straight angle : lateral ones bearing 12- 

 15 fruit, and the terminal ones 5-6, the rest abortive. Invo- 

 lucels spreadingly deflexed, rather ciliated. Perhaps a proper 

 species, or a variety of S.falcata. 



Great-homered Shepherd's-needle. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1818. 

 PI. 1 foot. 



8 S. IBE'RICA (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 230.) leaves of involucels 

 ovate, somewhat bidentate, with rather membranous ciliated 

 margins ; radiant petals obcordate, with an acute recess ; fruit 



3 A 2 



