370 UMBELLIFER^E. CXLIV. OSMORHIZA. CXLV. GRAMMOSCIADIUM. CXLVI. LAGOICIA. CXLVII. OLIVERIA. 



Long-styled Osmorhiza. FI. July, Aug. Clt. 1806. PI. 1 foot. 



2 O. BREVI'STYHS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 232.) styles short, coni- 

 cal, tapering at the base and apex, one-half shorter than the 

 breadth of the fruit. 3f . H. Native of North America, in the 

 United States and Canada, and in woody places on the west side 

 of the Rocky Mountains ; and from the mouth of the Columbia 

 to Observatory Inlet, inlat. 55 on the north-west coast. Hook, 

 fl. amer. bor. 1. p. 272. t. 97. My'rrhis Claytonii, Torr. fl. un. 

 st. 1. p. 310. exclusive of many synonymes. Uraspermum hirsu- 

 tum, Big. fl. host. ed. 2. p. 112. Umbels usually of 3-4 rays. 

 Leaves of involucra linear-lanceolate, deciduous. The root, ac- 

 cording to Bigelow, has an ungrateful scent, similar to that ofAra- 

 lia nudicaulis; but according to Torrey it has a sweet anise scent. 



Short-styled Osmorhiza. PI. 2 feet. 



2. Involucra and involucels wanting. 



3 O. BERTE'RII (D. C. prod. 4. p. 232.) plant hairy ; leaves 

 decompound ; leaflets pinnatifid ; styles very short, diverging ; 

 fruit villous, especially at the base. I/ . H. Native of Chili, 

 near Tagua-tagua, and about Conception, in shady woods. Herb 

 nearly like that of O. brevistylis. O. Chilensis, Hook, et Am. 

 in Beech, bot. p. 26. Scandix Chilensis, Molina, chil. p. 125. 

 ed. gall. p. 331. Leaves bipinnate ; leaflets cuneate-ovate, pin- 

 natifid ; segments subdivided, acute. Flowers some of them male. 



Bertero's Osmorhiza. PL 2 feet. 



Cult. See My'rrhis, p. 369. for culture and propagation. 



CXLV. GRAMMOSCIA'DIUM (from ypa/j/xi/, gramme, a 

 line, and amaSiov, sciadion, an umbel ; fruit lined). D. C. coll. 

 mem. v. p. 62. t. 3. f. K. prod. 4. p. 232. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Digynia. Teeth of calyx 5, stiff", 

 permanent. Petals obcordate, with an inflexed point. Styles 

 short, conical, diverging, permanent, stiff. Fruit cylindrical, 

 without a beak ; mericarps with 5 primary flattish white ribs ; 

 furrows flat, having one vitta in each ; and the commissure 

 having 2. Seed unknown. Quite glabrous herbs, natives of 

 the Levant. Stems branched. Leaves pinnate ; leaflets multi- 

 fid : lobes linear-setaceous. Umbels compound, of from 5 to 16 

 rays. Leaves of involucra 5-7, multifid ; of the involucels linear- 

 subulate, rarely cut. Pedicels stiff) thickening after flowering. 

 This is a very distinct genus, but from the structure of the seed 

 being unknown, the place which it should occupy in the order is 

 doubtful. 



1 G. DAUCOIDES (D. C. 1. c. t. 3. f. K.) leaves of involucra 

 multifid ; most of the flowers in each umbellule are fertile ; fruit 

 terete, crowned by the calycine teeth, which are conical and 

 elongated. Native of Armenia, ex herb. Tourn. about Amadan 

 in Persia, ex herb. Oliv. et Brug. My'rrhis Armena foliis Mei 

 seu fceniculi seminebrevi. Tourn. herb. Herb quite glabrous, 

 erect. Root terete, nearly simple. Stem furrowed, a foot high. 

 Leaves nearly like those of Daucus setifolius, having the petioles 

 dilated at the base. Central umbel of 15-16 rays, lateral ones 

 of 10-12. 



Carrot-like Grammosciadium. PL 1 foot, 

 2 G. MEOIDES (D. C. 1. c.) leaves of involucra hardly cut ; the 

 central flower in each umbellule alone fertile ; fruit rather club- 

 shaped ; calycine teeth small. Native of Armenia. My'rrhis 

 orientalis Mei folio semine longissimo, Tourn. cor. 22. My'rrhis 

 orientalis semine unciam longo, Tourn. herb. Scandix macro- 

 sperma, Willd. herb, ex Schultes, syst. 6. p. 507. Scandix cla- 

 vata, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 903. Stem branched, terete. Leaves 

 none in the specimen. Involucrum wanting, or of one usually 

 undivided leaf. Umbels of 5-7 rays. Umbellules each contain- 

 ing 7- 8 sterile flowers, and one fertile one. Fruit in Tourne- 

 fort's specimen shorter than in the preceding. 

 Meum-like Grammosciadium. PL 1 foot. 

 1 



Cult. The species will grow in any common soil, and will 

 be easily increased by seed. 



Tribe XVI. 



SMY'RNE-iE (this tribe contains plants agreeing with the 

 genus Smy'rnium in character), or Campylospermse paucijugatae 

 turgidae, Koch, umb. 133. D. C. prod. 4. p. 233. Fruit turgid, 

 usually compressed or contracted from the sides ; mericarps 

 with 5 ribs : the lateral ribs marginating, or situated in the 

 front of the margin ; the ribs sometimes nearly obliterated. 

 Seed involute, or with a furrow inside, semilunar or complicate. 

 Habit of plants and inflorescence variable ; the genus Exoa- 

 cantha and Echinophora agree in habit with Ery'ngium, in con- 

 sequence of having spinose leaves ; Lagoe'cia agrees with Acti- 

 notus in the one-seeded fruit ; Pleurospermum with Astrdntia in 

 the utricular fruit. 



CXLVI. LAGCE'CIA (from Xaywc, logos, a hare, and oucoe, 

 oikos, a house ; the place where a hare lies ; the seeds envel- 

 loped in the hairy involucrum have been likened to young 

 leverets in a hare's form). Lin. gen. no. 285. Gaertn. fruct. 1. 

 p. 103. t. 23. f. 3. Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 106. D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 233. Cuminoides, Tourn. inst. t. 155. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Digynia. Lobes of calyx large, 

 pectinated. Petals obcordately bifid, shorter than the calyx; 

 lobes awned. Ovarium bilocular, one of the cells abortive ; the 

 fruit is therefore ovate, and crowned by the calyx, hence there 

 is a furrow on one side indicating the place of the abortive cell. 

 Seed marked with a furrow on one side, and therefore appear- 

 ing involute. An annual erect herb. Leaves pinnate ; leaf- 

 lets ovate, uniform, alternate, coarsely toothed : teeth awned. 

 Peduncles opposite the leaves. Umbels compound, of many 

 rays. Umbellules 1 -flowered. Leaves of involucra 8-10, pec- 

 tinated, of the involucels 4, also pectinated. Flowers pedicel- 

 late, within the involucel, white. Fruit downy. 



1 L. CUMINOIDES (Lin. spec. 294.) O- H. Native of Galatia, 

 Persia, Greece, Candia, Lybia, Spain, &c. in corn fields and 

 vineyards. Smith, fl. graec. t. 243. prod. 1. p. 162. Schkuhr, 

 handb. 1. t. 48. Lam. ill. t. 142. Sabb. hort. 4. t. 55. Plench. 

 icon. t. 153. Mor. hist. 3. sect. 9. t. 13. umb. t. 1. f. 13. 

 Umbels nodding before flowering, but at length becoming nearly 

 globose. The seeds are mostly all abortive in the plants culti- 

 vated in gardens. 



Cumin-like Lagcecia or Wild Cumin. Fl. June, July. Clt. 

 1640. PL J foot. 



Cult. The seeds should be sown in autumn, soon after they 

 are ripe ; otherwise if this is deferred till spring, they com- 

 monly remain a year, and sometimes two or three years before 

 they grow. 



CXLVII. OLIVE'RIA (in honour of M. G. A. Olivier, 



author of a history of insects, and formerly one of the editors of 

 the Encyclopedic Methodique, and who was sent with M. Brug- 

 uiere by the French government into the Levant, for the purpose 

 of collecting objects of natural history). Vent. hort. eels. t. 21. 

 Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 105. D. C. prod. 4. p. 234. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 

 Petals profoundly obcordate, nearly bipartite : lobes involute on 

 the margin at the base, and excavated on the side, undulated and 

 reflexed above. Fruit obovate-ovate, hairy ; mericarps nearly 

 terete, bluntly 5-ribbed. Carpophore bifid at the apex. Seed 

 marked with a furrow on the inside, therefore the albumen is 

 probably involute. A branched herb, native of the Levant. 

 Stems erect, white. Leaves pinnate, having the scent of thyme 

 when bruised; leaflets many-parted: segments trifid, acute. 

 Umbels of 3-4- rays. Umbellules dense, many-flowered. Leaves 

 of involucrum 3-4, trifid : lobes usually tridentate. Leaves of 



