UMBELLIFER^E. CLXII. HYMENOL^NA. CLXIII. PHYSOSI-ERMUM. 



379 



being winged and membranous). D. C. prod. 4. p. 244. Ligus- 

 ticum spec. Wall. mss. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx obsolete. 

 Petals obovate, entire, flat or attenuately inflexed at the apex. 

 Fruit ovate or oblong ; mericarps with 5 exserted nearly equal 

 winged ribs ; vittse 2 in the commissure, which is flat, and one 

 in each furrow. Seed with a furrow in front, convex on the 

 outside. Carpophore bipartite. Perennial glabrous herbs, na- 

 tives of the mountains of Nipaul. Leaves decompound. Umbels 

 terminal, of many rays. Involucra and involucels of many leaves, 

 which are membranous, and are usually toothed or cut. This 

 genus is allied to Molopospermum on the one hand, and Pleuro- 

 spermum on the other ; it differs from the first in the commissure 

 being flat, in the ribs being equally winged, and in there being 

 no empty canal before the commissure, &c. ; and from the last 

 in the fruit having the membranes joined together, and from 

 both in the obsolete margin of the calyx. Perhaps this genus 

 should be divided into two, from the oblong or ovate fruit of the 

 species, and from the seeds being angular or convex on the 

 outer side ; but in most of the species the fruit is not sufficiently 

 known. 



1 H. ANGEHCOI V DES (D. C. prod. 4. p. 246.) leaves ternate ; 

 leaflets tripartite : lobes oval-lanceolate, acuminated, toothed : 

 teeth ovate, mucronate ; leaves of involucra and involucels lan- 

 ceolate-linear, acuminated, entire, with membranous margins. 

 If. . H. Native of Nipaul, on the highest mountains at Ka- 

 maon and Gosaingsthan. Ligusticum angelicoides, Wall. mss. 

 Habit, when dried, almost of Ligusticum Scoticum. Fruit ob- 

 long, 5 lines long, somewhat compressed from the sides. Seed 

 with very prominent angles, as in Molopospermum, but the com- 

 missure is flat and bivittate. Leaves of involucels 6-8 lines long, 

 membranous. 



Angelica-like Hymenolsena. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



2 H. ROTUNDA'TA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 245.) leaves ternate, 

 rarely triternate ; leaflets ovate-roundish, obtuse, toothed : teeth 

 roundish, hardly mucronate ; leaves of involucra 1-2, of the in- 

 volucels 4-7, linear-lanceolate, acute, membranous, entire. 1. 

 H. Native of Nipaul, on Gosaingsthan and Himalaya. Ligus- 

 ticum rotundatum, Wall. mss. Petioles broadly dilated at the 

 base, many-nerved, those of the radical leaves very long, and 

 those of the cauline ones gradually shorter, till at length the 

 uppermost ones are very short. Leaves sometimes tripartite. 



Roundish-l'eaved Hymenolaena. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 



3 H. PUMILA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 245.) leaves pinnate; leaf- 

 lets 5, ovate, deeply pinnatifid : lobes equally toothed : teeth 

 roundish, mucronate ; stems scape-formed, nearly naked ; leaves 

 of involucra 2-3, of the involucels 4-5, lanceolate, acute, mem- 

 branous, entire. If.. H. Native of Nipaul, at Gosaingsthan. 

 Ligusticum pumilum, Wall. mss. Herb a foot high when in 

 flower. Leaves radical, or 1-2 rising from the base of the stem. 

 Umbels of 7-8 rays. Leaves of involucra sometimes drawn 

 out into a small cut leaf. 



Dwarf Hymenolsena. PI. 1 foot. 



4 H. DENTA'TA (D. C. 1. c.) radical leaves ternate, with tri- 

 fid petioles ; leaflets bipinnatifid ; cauline leaves bipinnate : leaf- 

 lets ovate, acute, serrated ; leaves of involucra 1-3, of the invo- 

 lucels 7-8, lanceolate, acuminated, membranous, undulately- 

 serrulated. %. H. Native of Nipaul, at Kamaon and Go- 

 saingsthan. Ligusticum dentatum, Wall. mss. Leaves membra- 

 nous. Rays of umbel 5-8, angular, somewhat puberulous. 

 Leaves of involucels exceeding the flowers. 



Var.fi, erosa (D. C. 1. c.) cauline leaves pinnate: leaflets 

 tripartite : lobes ovate-oblong, irregularly and deeply toothed ; 

 umbels of 15-18 rays: rays scabrous; leaves of involucra 5-6, 

 lanceolate, serrated, of the involucels 7-8, obovate, erosely- 

 serrated, tipped by a mucrone. %. . H. Native of Nipaul. 



Toothed-leaved Hymenolaana. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



5 H. CANDOLLII (D. C. 1. c.) leaves pinnate : leaflets petio- 

 late, ovate, deeply pinnatifid : lobes deeply serrated at the apex ; 

 peduncles in fascicles ; umbels and umbellules crowded ; leaves 

 of involucra and involucels many, obovate, obtuse, membra- 

 nous, large, entire. 2(..H. Native of Nipaul, on the Hima- 

 laya, at the temple of Buddrinath. Ligusticum Candollii, Wall, 

 mss. Herb hardly a foot high, agreeing- with Pleurospermwn 

 in habit. Upper leaves membranous, emulating the leaves of 

 the involucra. Leaves of involucrum nearly an inch long. 



De Candolle's Hymenolaena. PI. 1 foot. 



6 H. BRUNONIS (D. C. 1. c.) leaves capillaceously multifid ; 

 segments linear, acute ; leaves of involucra 5-6,membranaceously 

 dilated, multifid at the apex : of the involucels 6-8, membra- 

 nous, some of which are undivided, with the middle nerve 

 simple : and others are trifid, with the middle nerve trifurcate. 

 I/ . H. Native of the mountains of Nipaul, on the Himalaya, 

 Kamaon, and Gosaingsthan. Ligusticum Brunonis, Wall. mss. 

 There are varieties of this having the leaves of the involucels 

 smaller, length of the flowers, and larger exceeding the flowers. 



Brown's Hymenolaena. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



7 H. GOVANIA'NA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 246.) leaves pinnate : 

 leaflets deeply pinnatifid : lobes oblong-linear, acute ; leaves of 

 involucra 5-7, multifid, much shorter than the rays of the um- 

 bels ; leaves of involucels membranous at the base and margin, 

 multifid at the apex, and exceeding the flowers. If. . H. Native 

 of the Snowy Mountains ofSirmore. Ligusticum Govanianum, 

 Wall. mss. Leaves like those of A*pium. Rays of umbel 7-8, 

 unequal. Stem striated. 



Govan's Hymenolaena. PI. 1 foot. 



8 H. BENTHA'MI (D. C. 1. c.) leaves pinnate : leaflets 5-7, 

 ovate, cuneated at the base, coarsely toothed, trifid or tripartite : 

 teeth mucronate ; leaves of involucra foliaceous, oblong, deeply 

 toothed, much shorter than the rays of the umbels ; involucels 

 about the length of the flowers. 1 . H. Native of Nipaul, at 

 Gosaingsthan. Ligusticum Benthami, Wall. mss. Fruit ovate ; 

 mericarps somewhat compressed from the back, with broad fur- 

 rows and narrow winged ribs. Seed convex on the back. 



Bentham's Hymenolsena. PI. 1 foot. 



9 H. OBTUSIU'SCULA (D. C. 1. c.) leaves pinnate : leaflets 5-7, 

 ovate, deeply pinnatifid, bluntly toothed: leaves of involucra 

 foliaceous, dilated at the base, and multifid at the apex, a little 

 shorter than the rays of the umbel ; leaves of involucels oblong, 

 foliaceous, deeply toothed. I/ . H. Native of Nipaul, at Go- 

 saingsthan. Ligusticum obtusiusculum, Wall. mss. Fruit ovate ; 

 mericarps semi-ovate, with broad furrows, and undulately -tooth- 

 ed narrow-winged ribs. Carpophore thick, bipartite. Seed 

 semi-ovate, obtuse on the back. 



Bluntish-seeded Hymenolaena. PI. 1 foot. 



Cult. See Pleurospermum, p. 378. for culture and propagation. 



CLXIII. PHYSOSPE'RMUM (from <j>v<ra, physa, a blad- 

 der, and airtpfia, sperma, a seed ; in reference to the tegument 

 not adhering to the seed in the young state). Cusson, mem. soc. 

 med. par. 1782. p. 279. Spreng. mem. soc. mosc. 5. p. 1. t. 1. 

 f. 1-3. Koch, umb. 134. D. C. prod. 4. p. 246. Danaa, All. 

 pedem. no. 1392. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 311. Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 

 97. but not of Smith. Haenselera, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 13. 

 Vela, in Lag. am. nat. 2. p. 75. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Digynia. Margin of calyx 5-toothed. 

 Petals obovate, somewhat emarginate, with an inflexed point. 

 Fruit contracted from the sides, didymous ; mericarps reniformly 

 globose, with 5 filiform, slender, equal ribs : the lateral ribs 

 placed in front of the margins ; vittae broad, one in each furrow. 

 Seed involutely semi-lunar. Perennial herbs. Lower leaves 

 triternately cut ; upper ones often reduced to the scale-formed 

 3c 2 



