396 



HAMAMELIDE^l. I. HAMAMEIIS. 



placed by R. Brown and Pet. Thouars near Araliacece and 

 Cdrnece. The order differs from Alangiecs in the fruit being 

 capsular, not baccate ; and from Bruniacece in the parts of the 

 flowers being quaternary, in the stamens being double the num- 

 ber of the petals, in the insertion and dehiscence of the anthers, 

 and in the cells of the ovarium being 1 -seeded, &c. ; it differs 

 from Araliacece and Cornece in the fruit being capsular, in the 

 number of the parts of the flower, and in the structure of the 

 anthers; and from Amentacece in the flowers of most of the 

 genera being complete ; but the genus Fothergilla agrees with 

 Amenlacece in habit, and in the want of petals ; but perhaps in 

 this genus the outer series of the stamens represent the petals. 



* MA'RLEA (the name of the tree in Silhet). Roxb. cor. 3. 

 p. 283. D. C. prod. 4. p. 267. Stylidium, Lour. coch. p. 221. 

 but not of Swartz. Pautsaiivia, Juss. diet. sc. nat. p. 51. p. 

 158. Stylis, Poir. suppl. 5. p. 260. 



LIN. SYST. Octdndria, Monogynia. Tube of calyx adnate to 

 the ovarium : limb short, bluntly 6-8-toothed. Petals 6-8, 

 linear, alternating with the teeth of the calyx. Stamens 8, ad- 

 nate to the epigynous disk, and inserted at the top of the calyx ; 

 anthers long, linear. Ovarium 2-celled, biovulate. Style short ; 

 stigma 4-toothed. Drupe oval, rather fleshy, umbilicate from 

 the teeth of the calyx : containing a 2-celled nucleus. Seed 

 compressed. Albumen fleshy. Embryo with a superior radicle 

 and flat cotyledons. A small Asiatic tree. Leaves alternate, 

 exstipulate, petiolate, unequally cordate, acuminated, entire, 

 glabrous, except the nerves on the under side. Flowers on 

 axillary peduncles, somewhat corymbose, whitish or yellowish. 



1 M. BEGONIFOLIA (Roxb. 1. c.) Pj . G. Native of the East 

 Indies, in Silhet and Nipaul ; and of China, near Canton, 

 where it is called Pautsau. Stylidium Chinense, Lour. 1. c. 

 Stylis Chinensis, Poir. 1. c. Leaves sometimes acutely bifid, or 

 a little toothed. 



Begonia-leaved Marlea. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1824. Shrub 

 5 to 6 feet. 



Cult. This shrub is easily increased by cuttings in sand under 

 a hand-glass. The soil best adapted for it is a mixture of sand, 

 loam, and peat. 



Synopsis of the genera. 



TRIBE I. 



HAMAME'LE*;. Petals 4 (f. 69. e.}. Stamens 8, 4 fertile (f. 

 69. 6.), and 4 sterile (f. 69. g.}. Anthers dehiscing by a valve. 



1 HAMAME'LIS. Calyx 4-lobed, furnished with 3-4 scales on 

 the outside. Ovarium ending in 2-3 styles at the apex (f. 69. 

 /.). Capsule coriaceous, 2-celled (f. 69. c.). 



2 DICORY'PHE. Calyx 4-lobed. Styles 2. Fruit inclosed 

 in the circumcised calyx, umbilicate at the apex, 2-horned, 

 2-seeded. 



3 THICHOCLADUS. Flowers dioecious, intermixed with chaffy 

 scales. Petal 1, convolute. Stamen 1. Female flowers: ova- 

 rium villous. Style 1. Capsule 4-celled, 4-valved. Arillus of 

 seed 2-valed. 



TRIBE II. 



FOTHERGILLEJE. Petals wanting. Stamens 24, all fertile. 

 Anthers opening by a semicircular chink at the margin. 



4 FOTHERGILLA. Calyx campanulate, 5-7-toothed. Anthers 

 form of a horse-shoe. Styles 2. Capsule 2-lobed, 2-celled : 

 cells 2-valved at the apex, 1 -seeded. 



Tribe I. 



HAMAME'LEjE (shrubs agreeing with the genus Hamamt- 

 lis in important characters). D. C. prod. 4. p. 268. Petals 4. 

 Stamens 8, 4 of which are sterile. Anthers dehiscing by a 

 valve. 



I. HAMAME'LIS (o^opn\ie, homomelis, a name under which 

 Athenseus speaks of a fruit resembling an apple ; it comes from 

 opoe, omos, like, and ^ijXta, melea, an apple-tree ; but the pre- 

 sent genus is not in any way analogous to the apple). Lin. gen. 

 no. 169. Juss. gen. p. 288. Lam. ill. t. 88. f. 1. D. C. prod. 

 4. p. 268. Trilopus, Mith. act. acad. nat. cur. 8. appendix. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Digy'nia. Calyx 4-lobed, adhering to 

 the ovarium at the base, furnished with 2-3 scales on the out- 

 side. Petals 4 (f. 69. a.), long, tongue-shaped, alternating with 

 the teeth of the calyx (f. 69. e.). The 4 stamens alternating 

 with the petals, fertile (f. C9. 6.), with very short filaments : 

 adnate 2-celled anthers; the cells opening by a vertical valve. 

 The 4 sterile stamens (f. 69. g.} with very thick filaments 

 and round anthers, one in front of each petal. Ovarium free 

 at the apex, ending in 2 (f. 69. I.), rarely in 3 short styles. 

 Capsule coriaceous, half free, 2-celled, 2-valved at the apex ; 

 valves bifid. Arils 2 in each capsule, coriaceous, 1 -seeded, 

 opening by 2 elastic valves above. Seed oblong, shining, with 

 a superior hylum ; albumen fleshy. Embryo with a superior 

 radicle and flat cotyledons. Small American or Asiatic trees. 

 Leaves alternate, on short petioles, bistipulate, ovate or cu- 

 neated, feather-nerved, nearly entire. Flowers nearly sessile, dis- 

 posed in clusters in the axils of the leaves, girded by a 3-leaved 

 involucrum. Petals yellow. 



1 H. ViRGiNicA(Lin. syst.nat. FIG 69 

 p. 333.) leaves obovate, acutely 



toothed, with a small cordate re- 

 cess at the base, tj . H. Native 

 of North America, from Canada 

 to Florida, in stony and dry si- 

 tuations, but frequently near 

 water. Mill. ill. t. 10. Duham. 

 arb. l.t. 114. Schkuhr, handb. t. 

 27. Lodd. bot. cab. 598. Guimp. 

 abb. holzart. t. 75. Rafin. med. 

 bot. 1. t. 45. Catesb. car. 3. t. 

 2. This singular shrub, which 

 grows about 10 or 12 feet high, 

 begins to show its yellow flowers 

 in autumn, when all others have 

 dropped their leaves, continues 

 to flower all winter, and forms 



its fruit the spring following. The flowers are either polyga- 

 mous, varying to dioecious, monoecious, and androgynous 5 

 hence the names of Hamamelis dioica, monoica, and androgynai 

 Walt. car. 255. The Indians consider this tree as a valuable 

 article in their Materia Medica. They apply the bark, w^hich is 

 sedative and discutient, to painful tumours and external inflam- 

 mations. A cataplasm of the inner rind is found to be very effi- 

 cacious in removing painful inflammations of the eyes. 



Far. fi,parvifdlia(Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 107.) leaves smaller, 

 oblong- obovate, upper part undulately and grossly crenated : the 

 under side pubescent, rather hairy ; segments of the calyx ob- 

 long ; stamens and perigynous filaments often nearly equal, fj . 

 H. From the mountains of Pennsylvania. 



Virginian Witch-hazel. Fl. Oct. Feb. Clt. 1736. Shrub 

 8 to 12 feet. 



2 H. MACROPHY'LLA (Pursh. fl. sept. amer. 1. p. 116.) leaves 

 nearly orbicular, cordate, coarsely and bluntly toothed, scabrous 

 from dots beneath. Tj . H. Native of North America, in the 



