CORNER. I. CORNUS. 



399 



long, and 1 to 1-J- inch broad ; petioles about an inch long. 

 Flowers white or pale-purplish, fragrant. Calyx clothed with 

 adpressed silvery hairs, as well as the pedicels and petals. Drupe 

 ovate-oblong. Ovarium 3-celled. 



Oblong-leaved Dogwood. Clt. 1818. Tree 10 to 15 feet. 



5 C. STRI'CTA (Lam. diet. 3. p. 1 1 6.) branches straight, fas- 

 tigiate ; leaves ovate, acuminated, glabrous, green on both sur- 

 faces, when young hardly pubescent beneath ; corymbs convex, 

 somewhat panicled. \ . H. Native of North America, from 

 Carolina to Canada, on the banks of rivers, frequent ; also of 

 Mexico, between Tampico and Real del Monte. Lher. corn, 

 no. 9. t. 4. Schmidt, arb. 2. t. 67. C. fastigiata, Michx. fl. bor. 

 amer. 1. p. 92. C. sanguinea, Walt, but not of Lin. C. cya- 

 nocarpos, Gmel. syst. veg. 1. p. 257. C. Canadensis, Hort. par. 

 C. caerulea, Meerb. icon. 3. but not of Lam. Branches reddish- 

 brown. Anthers blue. Berries globose, soft, blue on the out- 

 side, but white inside. 



Var. /3, variegata ; leaves variegated with white or yellow. 

 Straight-branched Dogwood. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1758. 

 Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 



6 C. SANGUINEA (Lin. spec. p. 171.) branches straight; 

 leaves ovate, acute, smooth and green on both surfaces ; co- 

 rymbs flat. Ij . H. Native of Europe and the north of Africa, 

 in hedges and thickets, especially on a chalk and limestone soil, 

 common ; plentiful in Britain in like situations. It is also said 

 to grow in North America near the Lakes of Canada and New 

 York, but has probably been introduced there. Smith, engl. 

 bot. t. 249. Fl. dan. 481. Duham. arb. 1. t. 75. C. femina, 

 Raii, syn. 460. Ger. emac. 1467. with a figure. Virga sangui- 

 nea, Matth. valgr. 1. p. 236. with a figure. Cam. epit. 159. with 

 a figure. Branches of a dark-red when full grown. Leaves 

 2-3 inches long. Flowers greenish-white, unpleasantly scented ; 

 petals revolute at the sides. Fruit dark-purple, very bitter. 

 Matthiolus records that an oil is obtained from the berries by 

 pressure, after they have first been boiled, which is%sed for 

 lamps in the country near Trent. The shrub, after a smothered 

 combustion, affords a charcoal, esteemed the best for entering 

 into the composition of gunpowder. It has a variety of names 

 in different parts of the kingdom, as female cornel, dogberry-tree, 

 hound' s-tree, prickmood, from its use in making skewers, gaten or 

 gaten-lree, gater or gater-tree. The wood was formerly made 

 use of for cart timber and rustic instruments, &c. Mr. Miller 

 informs us, that in his time the fruit was often brought to the 

 markets, and sold for those of buckthorn. 



Bloody-branched. Dogwood or Wild Cornel-tree. Fl. June, 

 Britain. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



7 C. PU'RSHII ; branches straight ; leaves ovate, green on 

 both surfaces, and pubescent ; corymbs spreading. Tj . H. Na- 

 tive of North America, near the lakes of Canada and New York. 

 C. sanguinea, Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 109. Schmidt, arb. 2. 

 t. 66. Flowers with yellow anthers. Berries dark-brown. This 

 differs from the C. sanguinea of Europe in the leaves being pu- 

 bescent, and in stature. 



Pursh 's Dogwood or Cornel. Fl. June, July. Sh. 8 to 12 ft. 



8 C. EXCE'LSA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 430.) 

 branches spreading ; branchlets pubescent ; leaves ovate, acumi- 

 nated, pubescent and paler beneath, and with minute scattered 

 pili above ; cymes naked, spreading. I? . H. Native about the 

 city of Mexico. Allied to C. sanguinea. 



Tall Dogwood. Tree. 



9 C. A'LBA (Lin. mant. p. 40.) branches recurved ; branchlets 

 glabrous ; leaves ovate, acute, pubescent, hoary beneath ; 

 corymbs depressed. T? . H. Native of Siberia, at the rivers 

 Oby and Irtysch, among bushes, &c. ; North America, from 

 Virginia to Canada, on the banks of rivers and lakes ; and of 

 North California. Pall. fl. ross. 1. t. 34. C. stolonifera, Michx. 



fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 109. C. Sibirica, Lodd. C. Tatarica, Mill, 

 fig. 104. Amm. ruth. t. 32. Branches of a fine red colour. 

 Berries white or bluish-white. 



Var. (3, circinnata ; leaves larger, more hairy beneath. Jj . H. 

 Native throughout Canada, and from Lake Huron to north lat. 

 69, Newfoundland, and the north-west coast of America. C. 

 circinnata, Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 139. The berries 

 are lead-coloured according to Dr. Richardson, who further says, 

 they are named by the Crees musquameena, because the bears 

 fatten upon them, and meethquan-peemeenattick and meenisan 

 (red stick berry), and that pigeons are fond of them. 



White-berried Dogwood. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1741. Shrub 



4 to 10 feet. 



10 C. SERICEA (L'Her. corn. no. 6. t. 2.) branches spreading; 

 branchlets woolly ; leaves ovate, acuminated, clothed with rusty 

 pubescence beneath ; corymbs depressed, woolly ; nucleus com- 

 pressed, fy . H. Native of North America, from Canada to 

 Carolina, in swampy woods and on river banks. Schmidt, arb. 

 2. t. 64. C. lanuginosa, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 92. C. alba, 

 Walt. fl. car. 88. but not of Lin. C. caerulea, Lam. diet. 2. p. 

 116. C. am6mum, Duroi, harbk. 1. p. 165. C. rubigindsa, 

 Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 15. C. ferruginea, Hort. par. C. candidis- 

 sima, Mill. C. cyanocarpos, Moench, but not of Gmel. Berries 

 bright blue, globose. 



Var. ft, oblongifolia (D. C. p*d. 4. p. 272.) leaves oblong, 

 glabrous above. fj . H. C. oblongifolia, Rafin. in litt. 



Var. y, asperifblia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 272.) leaves oval, acu- 

 minated, rough above from minute stiff pubescence, and rather 

 tomentose beneath. ^ . H. Native of Lower Carolina, in shady 

 woods. C. asperifolia, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 93. 



Silky Dogwood. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1683. Shrub 5 to 

 8 feet. 



1 1 C. CIRCINNA'TA (L'Her. corn. p. 7. no. 8. t. 3.) branches 

 warted ; leaves broadly oval, acuminated, clothed with hoary 

 tomentum beneath ; corymbs depressed, spreading. ^ . H. 

 Native of North America, from Canada to Virginia, on the 

 banks of rivers, and probably of California, ex Cham, and 

 Schlecht. in Linnsea. 3. p. 139. Schmidt, arb. 2. t. 69. C. tomen- 

 tosula, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 91. C. rugosa, Lam. diet. 2. 

 p. 115. C. Virginiana, Hort. par. Branches slightly tinged 

 with red. Leaves broad, waved on their edges. Flowers white 

 as in most of the species. Berries globose, at first blue, but at 

 length becoming white. 



Rounded-leaved Dogwood. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1784. Shrub 



5 to 10 feet. 



12 C. MACROIMIY'LLA (Wall, in Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 433.) 

 branches smooth ; leaves broad-ovate, acuminated, rounded at 

 the base, smooth, glaucous and soft beneath, with the axils 

 slightly glandular ; corymbs umbellate ; flowers racemose along 

 the branches of the corymb, and secund. I? . H. Native of 

 Nipaul, near Saharumpore and Sirinagur, and at Kamaon. 

 Leaves with adpressed bristles, 6 inches long, and 4 inches 

 broad, pale beneath ; the bristles fixed by the centre, and there- 

 fore bicuspidate, but are only to be seen through a lens. Ova- 

 rium hairy. Berries round, smooth, about the size of a grain of 

 black pepper. 



Long-leaved Dogwood. Shrub. 



2. Involucratce (from involucra, an involucrum ; the heads 

 of flowers are surrounded by an involucrum). D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 273. Flowers disposed in heads (f. 71. b.) or umbels, surrounded 

 by coloured involucra, which are usually composed of 4 leaves (f. 

 71. a.). 



* Trees, with white capitate flowers. 



13 C. CAPITA'TA (Wall, in Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 434.) branches 



