CAPRIFOLIACE^E. VI. LEYCESTEEIA. VII. SYMPHORICARPOS. 



451 



leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, bluntish ; pedun- 

 cles twin, 2-flowered, length of leaves; bracteas 2, linear; 

 berries distinct. I? . H. Native country unknown. Corollas 

 like those of L. Xylosteum, but having the tube narrower. 



Four-leaved Honeysuckle. Shrub. 



Cult. All the species of honeysuckle are truly ornamental, 

 particularly the climbing and twining species, which are well 

 adapted for training on trellis work or arbours, or against walls. 

 The greenhouse twining kinds have a fine appearance, trained 

 on the rafters. The upright hardy species are well fitted for 

 decorating shrubberies. They all grow well in any common 

 garden soil, and are easily increased by cuttings taken off in 

 autumn, and planted in a sheltered situation : those of the ten- 

 derer kinds under a hand-glass. 



VI. LEYCESTE'RIA (named by Dr. Wallich after his friend 

 William Leycester, formerly Chief Judge of the principal native 

 court under the Bengal Presidency, who during a long series 

 of years and in various distant parts of Hindoostan, has pursued 

 every branch of horticulture with a munificence and zeal and 

 success, which abundantly entitle him to that distinction). Wall, 

 in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 181. pi. rar. asiat. 2. p. 21. t. 120. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate 

 tube and an unequally S-parted, permanent limb ; segments 

 unequal, small, linear, glandularly ciliated. Corolla funnel- 

 shaped, having the tube gibbous above the base, and the limb 

 campanulate, and divided into 5 ovate, nearly equal lobes. Sta- 

 mens 5 ; filaments exserted. Stigma capitate. Berry roundish, 

 crowned by the calyx, 5-celled ; cells many-seeded. Seeds 

 smooth, shining, ovate. Albumen fleshy. Embryo minute, 

 terete, centripetal. A beautiful large rambling shrub, with 

 elongated fistular branches, which rise from scaly buds. Leaves 

 opposite, ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, petiolate, smooth, entire, 

 membranous, glaucous, with an obtuse, subcordate base ; pe- 

 tioles pilose. Flowers white, with a tinge of purple, middle- 

 sized and sessile, in fascicles, disposed in approximate whorls of 

 fives and sixes, the whole forming short leafy drooping racemes, 

 which terminate the branches and branchlets. Bracteas large, 

 foliaceous, purplish, pubescent, and ciliated, lanceolate, acumin- 

 ated, surrounding the rachis with their concave bases ; there are 

 generally 6 under each whorl of flowers, of which the 2 outer 

 ones are 2 or 3 inches long, rounded, and generally connate 

 at the base : the inner ones much smaller ; those at the base of 

 the racemes considerably larger than the rest. Berries deep 

 purple, approaching to black, as large as a common-sized goose- 

 berry ; pulp very soft; cells 8-10-seeded. This genus appears 

 to be intermediate between the present order and RuViaceae, but 

 from the last it is distinguished in the want of stipulas. 



1 L. FORMOSA (Wall, in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 182.). J? . H. 

 Native on the highest mountains, surrounding the valley of 

 Nipaul ; and of the much more northerly situations towards 

 Gosaingsthan. It is also found at an elevation of seldom less 

 than 8000 feet above the plains, among the pine and oak forests 

 of Bishupur, as at Huttoo and Desoo in the Thakooraee of 

 Kioonthul, blossoming from June to August, and called by the 

 natives Nulkuroo. Hamelia connata, Puerari, mss. Dr. Govan 

 remarks, with great propriety, that this is a most beautiful shrub 

 when in blossom, from the contrast of the deep green hue 

 of its stem and leaves with the purple colour of the large brac- 

 teas and the berries. 



Showy Leycesteria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1824. Sh. rambl. 



Cult. This elegant shrub grows best in a light soil ; and it 

 is easily increased by cuttings planted in autumn or spring, or 

 by seeds which ripen in abundance. It is well fitted for decorat- 

 ing the front of shrubberies ; but being rather tender, should be 

 protected in winter by a mat, or the haulm of herbaceous plants. 



FIG. 81. 



VII. SYMPHORICA'RPOS (from av^opcu,, symphoreo, to 

 accumulate, and Kapiros , karpos, a fruit ; the shrubs bear clusters 

 of united fruit). Dill. elth. p. 371. Juss. gen. 211. Mcench, 

 meth. 502. D. C. prod. 4. p. 338.. Symphoricarpa, Neck, 

 elem. p. 220. Symph6ria, Pers. ench. 1. p. 214. Anisanthus, 

 Willd. rel. Lonicera species Linnaeus. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogy'nia. Tube of calyx globose 

 (f. 81. c.); limb small, 4-5-toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped (f. 

 81. e.), almost equally 4-5-lobed. Stamens 5, hardly exserted. 

 Stigma semi-globose. Ovarium adnate, 4-celled ; fertile cells 

 containing only one ovulum each ; and the sterile ones few 

 ovula. Berry 4-celled, crowned by the calyx (f. 81. c.), having 



2 of the cells empty, and the other 2 containing one seed each. 

 Erect elegant bushy oppositely branched shrubs. Leaves 

 oval, quite entire. Peduncles short, axillary, one or many 

 flowered. Flowers bibracteate, small, white or rose-coloured, 

 on short pedicels. 



1 S. VULGA V RIS (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 100.) flowers dis- 

 posed in axillary capitate clusters, composed of nearly sessile 

 racemules. Tj . H. Native of Virginia, Carolina, and Pennsyl- 

 vania, in sandy dry fields. Lonicera symphoricarpos, Lin. spec. 

 249. S. parviflora, Desf. cat. Symphoria conglomerata, Pers. 

 ench. 1. p. 214. Symphoria glomerata, Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. 

 p. 162. Schmidt, arb. t. 115. Dill. elth. t. 278. f. 360. 

 Hort. ang. 85. t. 20. Corolla white. Berries red, size of 

 hemp seed ; but according to Pursh the flowers are small, red, 

 and yellow ; and the berries purple. Branches brown, smooth. 

 Leaves elliptic, ovate, obtuse, glaucous, and pubescent beneath. 

 The berries are cup-shaped, and ripen in winter. 



Common St. Peter's-wort. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1730. Shrub 



3 to 6 feet. 



2 S. RACEMOSUS (Mich. fl. bor. 

 amer. 1. p. 107.) flowers dis- 

 posed in nearly terminal loose 

 interrupted racemes, which are 

 often leafy ; corolla densely 

 bearded inside ; style and sta- 

 mens inclosed. Jj . H. Native 

 of North America ; on mountains 

 near Lake Mistassins ; on the 

 banks of the Missouri ; of Up- 

 per Canada; abundant about 

 the Saskatchawan ; on the banks 

 of the Columbia, and at Puget's 

 Sound, and Nootka Sound, 

 north-west coast. Symphoria ra- 

 cemosa, Pursh, fl. amer. sept, 

 l.p. 162. Sims, bot. mag. 2211. 



Lodd. bot. cab. t. 230. S. leucocarpa, Hort. Leaves glaucous 

 beneath. Corolla rose-coloured. Berries large, white. This 

 is a fine shrub, very common in our gardens, easily known by 

 its large white berries, and small red flowers. The S. elongata 

 and S. heterophylla, Presl, in herb. Haenke, which were collected 

 about Nootka Sound, do not differ from this species, in which 

 the lower leaves are sometimes deeply sinuated. 



Racemose-fiowered St. Peter's-wort or Snow-berry. Fl. July, 

 Sept. Clt. 1817. Shrub 4 to 8 feet. 



3 S. OCCIDENTALS (Richards, in Frankl. 1st journ. ed. 2. 

 append, p. 6.) spikes dense, terminal, and axillary, drooping ; 

 corolla and segments densely bearded inside ; style and stamens 

 a little exserted. Jj . H. Native of British North America, in 

 the woody country, between lat. 54 and 64, and known under 

 the name of wolf-berry ; abundant about the Saskatchawan and 

 Red River ; and about Fort Vancouver, on the Columbia. 

 According to Dr. Richardson this species comes very near S. 

 tacembsus, but is distinguished by the larger, less glaucous, 



3 M 2 



