478 



RUBIACE^E. X. CINCHONA. 



thers a little exserted ; style very short ; stigma bipartite ; cap- 

 sules oval-oblong. Ij . S. Native of Peru, on the Andes, near 

 the city of Jaen de Bracamoros. Humboldt and Bonpland. C. 

 magnifolia, Humb. et Bonpl. pi. equin. 1. p. 139. t. 39. exclu- 

 sive of the synonyme of Flora Peruviana. Cascarilla bova of 

 the Peruvians. Segments of corolla shorter than the tube. 

 Lobes of stigma linear, flat. 



Caducous-flowered Cinchona. Tree 100 feet. 



2. Capsule dehiscing at the apex. Aberrant species. 



13 C. MACKOCA'RPA (Vahl, in act. havn. 1. p. 20. t. 3. exclu- 

 sive of the synonymes. Lamb. mon. p. 22. t. 3.) leaves broad- 

 elliptic, very blunt, densely clothed with rough tomentum be- 

 neath, as well as on the branches ; calyx entire, with rather pro- 

 minent teeth ; corolla large, clothed by silky down outside, with 

 a bearded limb, and lanceolate segments, which are recurved 

 at the apex ; genitals inclosed ; stigma emarginate ; capsule 

 pear-shaped, tomentose. Tj . S. Native of Peru, in the forests 

 of Loxa, Guayaquil, and Cuenca ; and of New Granada. C. 

 ovalifolia, Mutis, mss. Humb. in mag. &c. p, 118. Cosmibuena 

 species nov. Pavon, mss. Called Quina blanca, and Quinquina 

 blanc de Santa Fe. Corymbs few-flowered. Calyx urceolate, 

 entire. Style furrowed. This species ought not to be con- 

 founded with the C. ovalifolia of Humb., to which it has not the 

 least resemblance. 



Large-fruited Cinchona. Tree 30 to 40 feet. 



14 C. OBLONGIFOLIA (Mutis, mss. Humb. in mag. &c. p. 

 118. Rhode, mon. p. 57. exclusive of the synonymes,) leaves 

 oblong or cordate, densely clothed with scabrous hairs on both 

 surfaces, as well as the branchlets ; panicle brachiate, corym- 

 bose, scabrous from hairs ; segments of corolla pilose outside, 

 but glabrous inside, linear ; genitals inclosed ; anthers 3 times 

 longer than the filaments ; stigma bipartite ; capsules ovate. Tj . 

 S. Native of Peru, in forests in the mountains of Loxa ; and of 

 New Granada, near Maraquita. H. B. et Kuntli, nov. gen. 

 amer. 3. p. 401. exclusive of syn. of fl. per. and Ruiz, quinol. 

 Called Quina roga and Cinchona vulgo Azahar. Flowers white. 

 This is a very distinct plant from C. magnifolia of Ruiz et Pav. 

 It is distinguished from it by its leaves being rounded at the 

 base, often cordate, covered on both sides with rough pilose 

 tomentum, sometimes the older leaves, however, become nearly 

 naked above ; the corolla is covered on the outside with bristly 

 pilose hairs, while that of C. magnifolia has short down, and in 

 the shape of the capsules. 



Oblong-leaved Cinchona. Tree 1 2 to 20 feet. 



15 C. MAGNirbnA (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 2. p. 52. t. 196. but 

 not of Humb. et Bonpl.) leaves broad-roundish-oval, naked and 

 shining above, and densely clothed with tomentum beneath ; pa- 

 nicle brachiate, corymbose, tomentose ; calycine teeth short, acute ; 

 corolla clothed with silky tomentum outside, but having the 

 limb glabrous above, and the segments lanceolate ; anthers in- 

 closed ; style exserted ; stigma bipartite ; capsules linear, terete, 

 fj S. Native of Peru, on the Andes, in very hot places in 

 forests, on the banks of mountain streams, at Chinchao, Cuchero, 

 and Chacahuassi. Ruiz et Pavon. C. oblongifolia, Steph. and 

 Churchill, med. bot. 4. t. 184. Cascarilla amarilla, Ruiz, quinol. 

 p. 71. This species of Cinchona is regarded as yielding the red 

 bark of the shops. Flowers white, sweet-scented. 



Large-leaved Cinchona or Red Peruvian-bark. Tree 40 ft. 



16 C. PAVONII (Lamb, cinch, p. 8.) leaves orbicular or cor- 

 date, naked above, but clothed with rusty tomentum beneath, 

 as well as the branchlets ; corymbs clothed with rusty tomen- 

 tum ; calyx urceolate, entire, obsoletely denticulated ; tube of 

 corolla very long, clothed by silky tomentum outside, with a 

 bearded limb ; anthers sessile ; stigma deeply bipartite ; cap- 

 sules very long, terete, f? . S. Native of Peru, in the king- 



dom of Quito, in groves at Loxa. C. cava, Pavon, mss. 

 Called Canela. Corymbs crowded with flowers. Corollas large, 

 with ovate-oblong obtuse segments ; anthers hardly exserted 

 above the throat. Style inclosed ; lobes of stigma linear, obtuse, 

 with revolute edges. Capsule length and thickness of a finger. 

 This species has considerable affinity with C. macrocarpa. The 

 form of its leaves, the deeply bipartite stigma, its very long 

 cylindrical capsules, however, widely separate it. 

 Pavon's Cinchona. Tree. 



17 C. ACUTIFOLIA (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 2. p. 51. t. 225.) 

 leaves lanceolate, acuminated, naked and shining above, but pilose 

 at the veins beneath ; segments of the calyx linear-oblong, obtuse ; 

 corolla clothed with silky tomentum on the outside, having the 

 limb glabrous above, and the segments linear, acute ; genitals 

 inclosed ; stigma bipartite ; capsule pear-shaped, hairy, attenu- 

 ated at the base, fj . S. Native of Peru, on the Ancles in 

 groves at the river Chilcoplaya. Cascarilla detropa aguda, Ruiz 

 et Pav. suppl. quinol. p. 8. Panicle brachiate, densely clothed 

 with pili. Lobes of stigma linear, obtuse. 



Acute-leaved Cinchona. Tree 20 feet. 



18 C. HEXA'NDRA ; leaves large, oval, obtuse, clothed with 

 ochraceous villi beneath, as well as on the branchlets and flowers ; 

 corollas 5-6-cleft ; stamens 5-6. Tj . S. Native of Brazil, in 

 mountain woods, in the provinces of Rio Janeiro and Minas 

 Geraes. Buena hexandra, Pohl. pi. bras. 1. p. 10. t. 8. China, 

 Eschwege, journ. bras. 2. p. 86. Quino do Rio de Janeiro, mem. 

 acad. Lisb. 3. pt. 2. p. 96. The bark is thin, of a bay colour 

 on the outside, but blood-coloured within, very bitter, and is 

 used by the Brazilians as a febrifuge, in place of Peruvian bark. 

 Corolla purple. 



Hexandrous Cinchona. Tree. 



3. Flowers disposed in interrupted elongated axillary racemes. 

 Corollas villous on the outside. Capsules dehiscing from the apex. 

 Seeds peltate, girded by a membranous wing Remijia, D. C. 

 bibl. univ. 1829. scienc. vol. 2. p. 185. prod. 4. p. 357. The 

 species are called Quina de Serra or Quina de Remijo throughout 

 Brazil. 



19 C.FERRUciNEA (St. Hil. append, voy. p. 8. pi. usuel. bras. 

 1. t. 3.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, rather narrow, coriaceous, 

 clothed with rusty villi beneath, as well as the branches, with 

 revolute margins ; racemes interrupted, hardly branched ; co- 

 rolla tomentose outside. tj . S. Native of Brazil, in the pro- 

 vince of Minas Geraes, on arid mountains. Remijia ferruginea, 

 D. C. prod. 4. p. 357. Macrocnemum no. 1. Velloz. in Vand. 

 fl. p. 14. Leaves usually 3 in a whorl. The fascicles of flowers 

 on the raceme are opposite. The bark is bitter and astringent, 

 and is used in place of Peruvian bark in Brazil, under the names 

 of Quina de Remijo and Quina de Serra. 



Rusty Cinchona. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



20 C. VELLO'ZII (St. Hil. pi. usuel. bras. p. 1. no. 2.) leaves 

 ovate, coriaceous, acuminated at both ends, clothed with rusty 

 villi beneath as well as on the branchlets ; racemes interrupted, 

 hardly branched ; corolla tomentose outside. fj . S. Native 

 along with the preceding. Remijia Vellozii, D. C. prod. 4. p. 

 357. Macrocnemum, no. 2. Veil, in Vand. fl. p. 14. This 

 differs from the preceding species in the flowers being on shorter 

 pedicels, in the bracteas being less linear, and in the flowers 

 being longer and more numerous. Fascicles of flowers on the 

 racemes* opposite. The bark of the species is used in Brazil 

 in place of Peruvian bark, under the name of Quina de Serra. 



Vellozi's Cinchona. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



21 C. REMIJIA' NA (St. Hil. pi. usuel. bras. p. 1. no. 2. in a 

 note) leaves broad-elliptic, obtuse, cuspidate : the upper ones 

 decurrent at the base, clothed with rusty villi beneath, as well 

 as the branchlets ; racemes interrupted, hardly branched ; corolla 



