498 



. XXXVI. GARDENIA. 



Bella's Gardenia. Shrub. 



25 G. HEXA'NDRA (Willd. rel. in Roem. et Schultes, syst. 5. 

 p. 243.) unarmed ; leaves obovate, pubescent beneath ; flowers 

 usually hexandrous ; corollas hairy both inside and outside, with 

 the tube very short. f? . S. Native of South America, where 

 it was collected by Humboldt and Bonpland. The rest un- 

 known. 



Hexandrous-Qovtered Gardenia. Shrub. 



3. Unarmed shrubs. Tube of calyx or ovarium not ribbed ; 

 but the limb is tubular and ribbed, 5-6-cleft, as well as being cleft 

 laterally. Tube of corolla cylindrical. Pirmga, Juss. 



26 G. THUNBE'RGH (Lin. fil. suppl. p. 162.) shrubby, un- 

 armed ; leaves elliptic, acute, glabrous ; flowers terminal, soli- 

 tary, sessile, 8-parted ; limb of calyx tubular, cleft laterally : 

 with the segments dilated at the apex ; berry ovate. ^ . G. 

 Native of the Cape of Good Hope, and the island of Manilla. 

 Thunb. diss. gard. no. 3. Sims, bot. mag. t. 1004. Thunbergia 

 Capensis, Montin, in act. holm. 1773. t. 11. G. verticillata, 

 Lam. diet. 2. p. 607. G. crassicaulis, Salisb. par. lond. t. 46. 

 Bergkias, Sonner. voy. nov. guin. t. 17-18. Journ. phys. 3. p. 

 299. t. 3. Caquepiria Bergkia, Gmel. syst. 651. Piringa, Juss. 

 rnem. mus. 6. p. 399. Flowers large, white, fragrant. Berry 

 1-celled ; placentas parietal, 4, exserted. Leaves opposite, or 

 3-4 in a whorl. 



Thunberg's Gardenia. Fl. Jan. March. Clt. 1774. Shrub 

 4 to 5 feet. 



4. Unarmed shrubs. Tube of calyx ribbed or angular from 

 the decurrent segments. Tube of corolla with a dilated obconical 

 throat. Berry %-celled. Rothmdnnia, Thunb. 



27 G. ROTHMA'NNIA (Lin. fil. suppl. p. 165.) arboreous, un- 

 armed ; leaves oblong, acute, glabrous, on very short petioles, 

 having glandular hairs in the axils of the veins underneath ; 

 flowers axillary, and almost terminal, solitary, sessile, 5-parted, 

 and pentandrous ; calyx ribbed, having the segments subulate, 

 terete, and erect ; corolla with an obconical tube, a campa- 

 nulate throat, and spreading acute segments. Jj . G. Native 

 of the Cape of Good Hope. Thunb. diss. gard. no. 6. Sims, 

 bot. mag. 690. Rothmannia Capensis, Thunb. act. holm. 1776. 

 p. 65. f. 2. Flowers white, spotted with red, sweet-scented ; 

 tube of corolla glabrous. Young branches downy. 



Rothmann's Gardenia. Fl. July. Clt. 1774. Shrub 5 to 

 10 feet. 



5. Unarmed or spinose shrubs. Leaves 3 in a whorl. 



28 G. TERNIFOLIA (Thonn. in Schum. pi. guin. p. 147.) un- 

 armed, glabrous ; leaves 3 in a whorl, obovate, cuneated at the 

 base, almost sessile ; flowers solitary, almost terminal, girded at 

 the base by a short truncate involucel ; calyx with a smooth 

 tube, and a tubular short toothed limb ; corolla with a long 

 terete tube, and a 6-7-parted limb. Tj . S. Native of Guinea. 

 Flowers 3 inches long, white ; lobes of corolla oval-oblong, 

 acutish. 



Tern-leaved Gardenia. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



29 G. TRIACA'NTHA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 382.) glabrous ; 

 branches 3 in a whorl, spinescent ; leaves 3 in a whorl, obovate, 

 cuneated at the base, almost sessile ; flowers solitary, terminal, 

 sessile ; calyx with a smooth tube, and a tubular semi-5-cleft 

 limb : lobes acute ; corolla with a long almost terete tube, and a 

 5-parted limb : lobes thick, obovate. Tj . S. Native of the 

 Gambia, in woods. Leaves hardly an inch long. Corolla 2 

 inches long. Berry ovate-globose. Fruit size of a walnut. 

 Spines thick, short, conical, spreading. 



Tkree-spined Gardenia. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



30 G. MEDICINA'LIS (Vahl, in Schum. pi. guin. p. 148.) gla- 



FIG. 93. 



brous ; spines tern, stiff, leafy at the apex ; leaves elliptic, gla- 

 brous ; flowers terminal, sessile, solitary ; limb of calyx bifid, 

 With roundish recesses, and trifid segments ; corolla with the 

 tube dilated upwards, and the lobes obovate. fj. S. Native of 

 Guinea. 



Medicinal Gardenia. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



6. Spiny shrubs. 



&\ G. AM<E V NA (Sims, bot. 

 mag. t. 1904.) shrubby ; spines 

 axillary, short, straight ; leaves 

 oval, acute, glabrous, on short 

 petioles ; flowers almost termi- 

 nal, solitary, sessile, 5-parted, 

 and pentandrous ; tube of calyx 

 with short teeth ; corolla salver- 

 shaped, with a long terete tube. 

 I? . G. Native of China. Flowers 

 white, having the lobes purple 

 on the outside in that part, 

 which is exposed to the air, 

 while the corolla is in aestiva- 

 tion ; the tube greenish. 



Pleasing Gardenia. Fl. June, 

 Aug. Shrub 3 to 5 feet. 



32 G. TU'RGJDA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 557.) arboreous, with 

 swollen mealy bark, and brachiate branches ; spines opposite 

 and terminal ; leaves obovate, tapering into the petioles at the 

 base, smooth ; flowers lateral, usually solitary ; limb of calyx 

 tubular, 5-toothed ; corolla smooth, salver-shaped ; anthers 

 almost inclosed. lj . S. Native of the East Indies, at Botham. 

 Leaves 1-4 inches long, and 1-3 broad. Stipulas broad at the 

 base, and subulate at the apex. Flowers 5-6-parted. Berry 

 oval, scabrous outside, containing a hard 5-valved putamen. 

 Seeds imbedded in the pulp. Stigma clavate, 5-grooved. 



<SWWe-barked Gardenia. Tree. 



33 G. MONTA'NA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 556.) arboreous; spines 

 opposite, short, acute, stiff; leaves oblong, obtuse, almost ses- 

 sile, downy beneath, with revolute edges ; flowers rising 3-5 in 

 a fascicle from the buds, on short pedicels ; limb of calyx usually 

 5-toothed ; corolla 5-7-cleft ; stamens inclosed ; berry drupa- 

 ceous, roundish, containing a 5-6-valved putamen. I? . S. Na- 

 tive of the East Indies, among the Circar mountains. Bark 

 white, soft, and spongy. Leaves deciduous in December, 3 inches 

 long, and 2 broad, smooth and shining above. Flowers pretty 

 large, fragrant, when first open white, but soon becoming more 

 or less yellow. Corolla with a somewhat gibbous tube, and a 

 smooth throat. Nectary a moniliform fleshy ring, surrounding 

 the insertion of the style. Berry the size of a pullet's egg, ash 

 coloured, and yellow mixed. Seeds imbedded in the pulp. 



Mountain Gardenia. Clt. 1819. Tree or shrub. 



34 G. CAMPANULA'TA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 557.) shrubby; 

 branches short, spiny at the apex ; spines solitary ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, smooth, acuminated at both ends ; flowers on short pe- 

 dicels, in terminal and lateral fascicles ; limb of calyx campanu- 

 late, with a short acutely 5-toothed border ; corolla subcampanu- 

 late, 5-lobed ; berry roundish-ovate, fj . S. Native of the 

 East Indies, in the forests of Chittagong. Thorns generally ter- 

 minating the little lateral opposite branchlets. Leaves 2-5 

 inches long. Stipulas triangular, acute. Flowers small, of a 

 pale yellow colour, crowded at the extremities of short stiff 

 lateral spinose branchlets. Stigma somewhat 5-grooved. An- 

 thers inclosed. Berry round, the size of a golden pippin apple,, 

 smooth, 1-celled ; placentas 5, parietal. Seeds imbedded in the 

 yellow pulp. 



Gardenia. Clt. 1815. Sh. 5 to 10 ft. 

 7 



