530 



RUBIACE^l. LXXVII. OLDENLANDIA. 



white and tasteless ; it is the bark only that is possessed of the 

 colouring principle ; when fresh it is orange -coloured, tinges 

 the spittle yellow, and leaves a slight degree of acrimony on the 

 point of the tongue, for some hours after chewing ; to appear- 

 ance it loses its yellow colour on drying, but still retains the 

 above property on being chewed. It impregnates cold water or 

 spirits with a straw-colour, and to boiling water it gives a 

 brownish porter colour. The watery infusions and spirituous 

 tinctures are changed into a bright and deep red by alkaline 

 substances, and are rendered paler or nearly destroyed by acids. 

 The colouring powers of this root are said to improve by keep- 

 ing 3 or 4 years. When the wild sort can be had in any quan- 

 tity, it is esteemed one-third or fourth stronger, and yields a 

 better colour ; and when these roots can be had of two years' 

 growth they are reckoned still better. This plant is the Tsheri- 

 vello of the Telingas ; and the Saya-ver or Imburel of the 

 Tamuls. The Telinga physicians do not give any part of the 

 plant a place in their Materia Medica ; but the Malabar phy- 

 sicians say that the roots cure poisonous bites, colds, and cuta- 

 neous disorders, and warm the constitution. 



t/m6e/-flowered Oldenlandia or Indian Madder. Fl. July, 

 Aug. Clt. 1792. PL -| to 1 foot. 



26 O. PUBE'RULA ; downy in every part; leaves linear-lan- 

 ceolate, mucronate ; peduncles axillary or from the forks of 

 the stems, bearing each a simple umbel of flowers, or 3 pedun- 

 culate umbels of flowers, rising from 2 leaves. Q. H. Na- 

 tive of the East Indies. O. puberula, R. Br, in Wall. cat. 

 no. 884. 



Downy Oldenlandia. PL \ foot. 



27 O. CAPILLA'RIS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 426.) stem ascending, 

 teretely tetragonal, and rather scabrous along the angles, much 

 branched ; leaves linear-lanceolate, rather scabrous ; stipulas 

 small, with setaceous bristles ; peduncles axillary and terminal, 

 loosely panicled, longer than the leaves, very slender, 2-4-6- 

 flowered ; flowers opposite, on long pedicels. 0. F. Native 

 of Madras. Corolla small, tubular. Capsule globose, glabrous. 



Capillary Oldenlandia. PL ^ foot. 



28 O. PANICULA'TA (Lin. spec. p. 1667.) plant glabrous, 

 erectish, branched ; branches tetragonal ; leaves ovate-lanceo- 

 late ; stipulas small, undivided ; racemes axillary and terminal, 

 almost naked ; pedicels longer than the leaves ; corolla with a 

 gibbous tube and a villous throat. $ . S. Native of the East 

 Indies, Moluccas, and Philippines. Burrn. fl. ind. 38. t. 15. 

 f. 1. Hedyotis racemosa, Lam. diet. 3. p. 76. ill. t. 62. f. 2. 

 Leaves smooth. Flowers small. Hedyotis dichotoma, Cav. 

 icon. 6. p. 573. f. 2. and H. media, Cav. icon. 6. p. 574. f. 1. 

 according to Bartling is probably distinct from this. Flowers 

 small, red, on long pedicels. 



Var. /3, arenatioldes (D. C. prod. 4. p. 427.) leaves lanceo- 

 late, acuminated, stiffish. $ . S. Native of the coral island 

 Radak. Gerontogea racembsa, Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 4. 

 p. 155. Habit of Arenana trinervia. 



Panicled Oldenlandia. PL creeping. 



29 O. PENTA'NDRA (D. C prod. 4. p. 427.) plant procum- 

 bent, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, cordate at the base, or ovate- 

 oblong, sessile, discoloured ; racemes axillary, naked ; flowers 

 pentamerous. Native of Guinea. Hedyotis pentaridra, Schum. 

 pi. guin. p. 71. 



Pentandrous Oldenlandia. PL procumbent. 



30 O. MULTIFLO'RA (Cav. icon. 6. p. 53. t. 574. f. 2.) gla- 

 brous ; stem branched, furrowed, ascending ; leaves sessile, 

 ovate-oblong ; stipulas small, undivided ; panicles axillary, 

 opposite, and terminal, many-flowered : peduncles 3-flowered, 

 elongated. Native of the Philippine Islands, about Manilla, not 

 of the Friendly Islands, as said by Poiret and Rcemer. Very 

 nearly allied to 0. paiiiculata. 



Many-flowered Oldenlandia. PL \\ foot. 



31 O. CRASSIFO'LIA (Bard, in herb. Haenke, under Hedyotis) 

 plant glabrous, suffruticose, diffuse ; branches tetragonal ; 

 leaves ovate or oblong, obtuse, fleshy ; peduncles axillary and 

 terminal, 3-flowered, usually shorter than the leaves ; pedicels 

 shorter than the flowers ; segments of calyx lanceolate, short. 

 Native of the Island of Luzon, one of the Philippines. 



Thick-leaved Oldenlandia. PL diffuse. 



32 O. STRIGULO'SA (Bartl. in herb. Haenke, under Hedy6tis, 

 ex D. C. 1. c.) plant herbaceous, branched, erectish ; leaves 

 obovate-oblong, beset with very minute callous dots above, and 

 with adpressed strigae beneath ; stipulas undivided, linear-subu- 

 late ; peduncles axillary and terminal, longer than the leaves, 

 3-flowered ; pedicels hardly any ; calycine segments ovate- 

 triangular. Native of the Island of Mariane. 



Strigulose Oldenlandia. PL \ foot. 



, 33 G. OVATIFO'LIA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 427.) plant almost 

 stemless, villous ; stem short, simple ; leaves ovate, ciliated, on 

 short petioles, white beneath ; peduncles 3-4 together, rising 

 from the top of the stem, trichotomous, slender, twice the length 

 of the leaves. Q. F. Native of the Philippine Islands at 

 Manilla. Hedyotis ovalifolia, Cav. icon. 6. p. 52. t. 573. f. 1. 

 Spreng. syst. 1. p. 414. Corolla pale red, hardly a line long. 

 Stamens exserted. 



Ovate-leaved Oldenlandia. PL -j foot. 



34 O. ALATA (Keen, in Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 442.) plant gla- 

 brous, erect ; stem tetragonal, branched ; leaves almost sessile, 

 elliptic-oblong, smooth, rather fleshy ; stipulas broad, erosely 

 toothed, obtuse ; panicle terminal, leafy ; corolla ventricose, 

 with the throat closed by villi ; capsule somewhat compressed, 

 furnished with a somewhat winged nerve on both sides. O. F. 

 Native of the East Indies, Java, Timor, &c. on the edges of 

 rice-fields. Old. alslta, Wall, in herb. Puer. Hedy6tis ramo- 

 sissima, Blum, bijdr. p. 972. but not of Fisch. Perhaps Hedy- 

 otis paniculata, Lam. ill. 1412. but the figure in Burm. ind. t. 

 71. f. 2. cited for this plant has 5-cleft flowers, and is conse- 

 quently not it. From the capsules being furnished with a some- 

 what winged nerve on each side, it comes very near to the genus 

 Gonotheca. Flowers small, white. 



JFi'wgW-nerved-capsuled Oldenlandia. PL -^ foot. 



35 O. MACROPHY'LLA (Lepr. et Perr. mss. under Hedyotis, 

 ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 427.) plant glabrous, erect, branched ; 

 leaves sessile, lanceolate, acuminated : stipulas undivided ; pe- 

 duncles axillary, racemose, longer than the leaves ; pedicels in 4-5 

 opposite pairs. Native of the Gambia, in rice-fields at Albreda, 

 where it was collected by Leprieur and Perrottet. Allied to 



0. alata. Capsule somewhat turbinate, and probably furnished 

 with a nerved wing on each side. 



Long-leaved Oldenlandia. PL -| foot. 



36 O. LA'CTEA (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 4. p. 159. 

 under Gerontogea) stem terete, pubescent ; leaves linear-lan- 

 ceolate, acute at both ends, flat ; stipulas bidentate, scarious ; 

 peduncles terminal ; corollas villous inside ; anthers oblong, 

 exserted. Q. F. Native of the East Indies. Hedyotis lactea, 

 Willd. enum. hort. berol. 1. p. 149. H. cymosa, Spreng. syst. 



1. p. 413. ? Flowers cream-coloured. 

 Mi^-coloured-flowered Oldenlandia. PL ^ foot. 



37 O. FOS'TIDA (Forst. prod. p. 55.) plant suffruticose ; leaves 

 spatulate ; stipulas almost entire ; corymbs trichotomous. Pj . 

 S. Native of the Island of Tongatabu. Hedyotis fce'tida, 

 Spreng. pug. 2. p. 28. Gerontogea foe 'tida, Cham, et Schlecht. 

 in Linnaea. 4. p. 154. The leaves in Forster's specimen are 

 elliptic and acute. 



Fetid Oldenlandia. PL | foot. 



38 O. MICROTHE'CA (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 4. p. 169. 

 under Gerontogea) plant herbaceous, erect, much branched; 



