544 



RUBIACE^E. CIII. MORINDA. 



teas : the female ones solitary, and furnished with 4 bracteas 

 each. 



1 C. TRIFI.ORA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 445.). f? . S. Native of 

 Guiana, on the banks of the river Kourou. 



Three-flomered Cordiera. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Hamelia, p. 542. 



Tribe VII. 



GUETTARDA'CE-Si (this tribe contains shrubs and trees 

 agreeing with Guettdrda in the fruit containing many 1 -seeded 

 pyrenae). Kunth, nov. gen. 3. p. 419. Cham, et Schlecht. in 

 Linnaea. 4. p. 181. A. Rich, mem. soc. hist. nat. par. 5. p. 

 107. D. C. prod. 4. p. 446. Rubiacese, sect. vi. Juss. mem. 

 mus. 6. p. 395. Fruit drupaceous (f. 101. d. f. 103./.), con- 

 taining from 2-5 1 -seeded pyrenae (f. 103. g.). Seeds terete, 

 elongated, usually erect. Albumen fleshy. Shrubs or small 

 trees. Leaves opposite, rarely by threes, with interpetiolar 

 stipulas. 



SUB-TRIBE I. MORINDE.S: (this sub-tribe only contains the 

 genus Morinda). D. C. prod. 4. p. 446. Flowers and fruit col- 

 lected into heads and combined. 



CIII. MORI'NDA (altered from Mortis Indica, or Indian 

 mulberry ; so named by Vaillant, from the shape of its fruit and 

 country). Vaill. act. acad. par. 1722. p. 275. Lin. gen. no. 

 235. Juss. mem. mus. 6. p. 402. Lam. ill. t. 153. Gaertn. 

 fr. 1. t. 29. A. Rich, mem. soc. hist. nat. par. 5. p. 211. 

 D. C. prod. 4. p. 446. Roioc. Plum. gen. p. 11. t. 26. 



LIN. SYST. Penlandria, Monogynia. Tube of calyx obo- 

 vate, usually combined with those nearest it : limb short, hardly 

 toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped, with a nearly terete tube, and 

 a spreading, 5-lobed, rarely 4-lobed limb. Stamens 5, rarely 4 ; 

 filaments short ; anthers inclosed, except in one species. Style 

 filiform, usually exserted ; stigma bifid, except in one or two 

 species, in which it is entire. Berries containing 2-4 1 -seeded 

 pyrenae each, usually combined, compressed or angular from 

 being so close together, areolate from the vestiges of the calyx. 

 Embryo terete, in fleshy albumen. Shrubs or small trees, 

 natives within the tropics. Leaves opposite, rarely 3-4 in a 

 whorl. Stipulas intrapetiolar, usually obtuse and membranous. 

 Peduncles solitary or numerous, axillary or terminal, sometimes 

 combined at the base, when this is the case they are said to be 

 branched. Flowers aggregate, sessile, upon a sub-globose 

 naked receptacle, forming dense, globose, or ovate heads : having 

 the berries at length combined into a spurious fruit or compound 

 berry. The bark of the roots is styptic, and is used by dyers. 



SECT. I. Roioc (Royoc is the American name of M. Royoc). 

 Plum. gen. 11. t. 26. D. C. prod. 4. p. 446. Morinda of most 

 authors. Flowers pentamerous, pentandrous. Stigma bifid. 

 Berries containing 2-4 1 -seeded pyrenae each. 



* Peduncles terminal, twin, or lateral and opposite the leaves, 

 in the latter case one of the opposite leaves is deficient or half 

 abortive. 



1 M. CITRIFOLIA (Lin. spec. 250.) plant glabrous, almost ar- 

 boreous ; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves oblong, attenuated at 

 both ends, shining ; stipulas semi-lunar, membranous, obtuse ; 

 heads on short peduncles, opposite the leaves, bractless ; berries 

 combined into an ovate mass. J? . S. Native of the East 

 Indies, as in Malabar and Pegu, &c. as well as of the Society 

 Islands. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 144. t. 29. Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 

 196. Ham. in Lin. trans. 13. p. 533. Lour, coch. p. 140. 

 Rheed. mal. 1. p. 97. t. 52. Rumph. amb. 3. p. 158. t. 99. 

 Peduncles opposite to a solitary leaf, on the upper side of the 



branchlets, each supporting a small head of small white flowers. 

 Anthers half hid in the tube of the corolla. Berries combined 

 in the head, white and polished. The root of this species is 

 employed by the natives of India to dye red. 



Var. ft, papyracea (D. C. prod. 4. p. 446.) leaves oblong, 

 acuminated at both ends, on long petioles, papery ; stipulas 

 triangular. Pj . S. Native of the East Indies, where it was 

 collected by Labillardiere. 



Var. y, latifblia (D. C. 1. c.) leaves ovate, blunt at the base, 

 hardly acute ; stipulas broad, membranous, very blunt. Tj . G. 

 Native of the Islands of O-Wahu and Radak, where it was col- 

 lected by Chamisso. M. citrifolia, Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnea. 



4. p. 149. 



Citron-leaved Indian-mulberry. Clt. 1793. Tree small. 



2 M. TiNcibRiA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 197.) glabrous and 

 somewhat arboreous ; leaves oblong, almost sessile, smooth, 

 but not shining ; peduncles opposite the leaves, solitary, much 

 longer than the petioles ; heads ovate ; stamens inclosed. fj . 



5. Native of the East Indies, almost every where. M. citri- 

 folia, Hunt, in asiat res. 4. p. 35. Trunk seldom above a few 

 feet in height, but supporting a pretty large shady head of 

 branches. Leaves pale beneath, from 6-10 inches long. Pe- 

 duncles supporting each an oval head of pure white jasmine-like 

 sweet-scented flowers. Fruit like that of M. citrifolia. The 

 bark of the root is used to dye red ; the colour is fixed with 

 alum, but it is neither bright nor durable. In some parts of 

 India it is cultivated for the sake of its roots. In the Circars 

 the dyers use the bark of the fresh roots bruised and gently 

 boiled in water for a short time. The cloth or yarn is prepared 

 in a cold infusion of the powdered galls of Terminalia Chebula, 

 in milk and water ; it is then dried and moistened with alum 

 water, and again dried, and receives from the above decoction a 

 pretty bright but fugitive red. The green fruit are picked by 

 the Hindoos, and eaten with their curries. The wood is hard 

 and very durable, variegated with red and white, and is em- 

 ployed for gun-stocks in preference to all other kinds. 



Dyers' Indian-mulberry. Tree small. 



3 M. BRACTEA'TA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 198.) glabrous and 

 sub-arborescent, stiff; leaves oblong, shining, on short petioles; 

 stipulas large, semi-circular at the apex ; peduncles solitary, 

 opposite the leaves, bracteate. F? . S. Native of the East 

 Indies, in the Gamjam district ; also of the Moluccas and Phi- 

 lippines. Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 4. p. 149. Ham. in 

 Lin. trans 13. p. 534. Blum, bijdr. p. 1006. Rumph. amb. 

 3. p. 157. t. 98. Leaves deep green and polished on both sides. 

 The crown of the germ has frequently a small portion of it 

 growing to be a long linear-lanceolate leaf. The anthers are 

 inclosed, and the stigmas exserted, as in most of the other . 

 species of the genus. Peduncles supporting each a small head 

 of small pure white flowers. Berries combined, 4-seeded. 

 Corolla with a very villous throat. 



Bracteate Indian-mulberry. Tree small. 



4 M. EXSE'RTA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 199.) arboreous; 

 branches somewhat tetragonal, sometimes villous ; leaves on 

 short petioles, oval, acute, smooth, or downy beneath ; stipulas 

 emarginate ; peduncles opposite the leaves, generally solitary, 

 but sometimes rising by twos or threes ; heads roundish ; stigma 

 inclosed ; stamens exserted. Jj . S. Native of Bengal. Branches 

 spreading in every direction. Peduncles supporting each a head 

 of many pure white jasmine-like flowers. Berries 4-seeded, 

 combined. 



Exserted-stameneA Indian-mulberry. Shrub 6 to 12 feet. 



5 M. GEMINA'TA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 447.) branches tetragonal, 

 puberulous ; leaves obovate or oval, cuneated at the base, hardly 

 petiolate, rather downy beneath ; peduncles twin, opposite the 

 leaves ; stigma and anthers at the throat. Ij . S. Native of 



