560 RUBIACE&. CXXXIV. STIGMANTHUS. CXXXV. STRUMPFIA. CXXXVI. BILLIOTIA. CXXXVII. LYGODYSODEA. 



CXXXIV. STIGMA'NTHUS(from <my/ua, stigma, a stigma, 

 and avOos, anthos, a flower ; in allusion to the large stigma). 

 Lour, cocli. p. 146. Juss. mem. mus. 6. p. 390. D. C. prod. 4. 

 p. 469. Stigmatanthus, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 5. p. xv. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogy'nia. Calyx with a short 

 tube, a 5-parted limb, and filiform segments. Corolla fun- 

 nel-shaped, with a long tube, and 5 ovate-oblong spreading 

 lobes. Stamens 5 ; filaments very short ; anthers reflexed. 

 Style filiform, longer than the corolla ; stigma ovate, furrowed, 

 large. Berry dry, tubercular, compressed, 1-celled. Seeds 

 many, bony. A climbing shrub, with glabrous lanceolate leaves. 

 Cymes large, axillary, and terminal. Flowers white. This 

 genus is not sufficiently known ; it differs from Cuviera in the 

 I -celled fruit; and from Dondisia in the 5 -parted calyx. Per- 

 haps both this genus and Dondisia are referrible to Tribe Gar- 

 deniacece, subtribe Gardeniece. 



1 S. CYMOSUS (Lour. 1. c.). Tj . G. Native of Cochin-china, 

 in woods on the mountains. Cuviera Asiatica, Spreng. syst. 1. 

 p. 760. 



Cymose-fiovrered Stigmanthus. Shrub climbing. 



Cult. See Hamiltonia, p. 555. for culture and propagation. 



CXXXV. STRU'MPFIA (named by Jacquin after Christo- 

 pher Charles Strumpf, professor of chemistry and botany at 

 Hall, in Magdeburg, editor of Linnaeus's Genera Plantarum in 

 1752). Jacq. amer. p. 218. Lam. ill. t. 731. A. Rich, mem. 

 soc. hist. nat. par. 5. p. 218. 1. 19. f. 3. D. C. prod. 4. p. 469. 

 Striimphia, Pers. ench. 2. p. 211. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Digy'nia. Limb of calyx campa- 

 nulate, cleft in 5 parts beyond the middle ; lobes acuminated. 

 Corolla sub-campanulate, deeply 5-parted, with hardly any tube, 

 but with erectish lanceolate lobes or segments, which are some- 

 what reflexed at the apex. Stamens 5 ; filaments very short, 

 inserted in the bottom of the corolla, connate ; anthers com- 

 bined into an ovate-oblong somewhat pentagonal tube, which is 

 5-celled inside ; cells regularly disposed, 3 external and 2 in- 

 ternal. Style length of stamens. Stigma bifid ; with the lobes 

 erect and obtuse. Ovarium 2-celled ; cells 1-ovulate. Drupe 

 pea-formed, umbilicate, containing a 2-celled globose nucleus, 

 rarely 1-celled from abortion. A small shrub with a short stem. 

 Leaves fleshy, 3 in a whorl, linear, obtuse, with revolute margins. 

 Stipulas interpetiolar. Flowers small, disposed in short, nearly 

 simple axillary racemes : having 2 opposite scale-formed brae- 

 teas under each flower. 



1 S. MARI'TIMA (Jacq. 1. c.). tj . S. Native of Curacoa, on 

 rocks by the coast. The leaves resemble those of rosemary, 

 and the stipulas are blackish. Flowers small. The whole plant 

 has a disagreeable smell. 



Sea-side Strumpfia. Shrub 3 feet. 



Cult. For culture and propagation see Hamtllonia, p. 555. 



CXXXVI. BILLIO'TIA (named by Aloysia Colla, of Turin, 

 after his daughter, Madame Tecofila Billioti, a famous botanical 

 artist). D. C. prod. 4. p. 618. but not of Colla. Viviania, 

 Colla. ann. soc. lin. par. 1825. but not of Cav. nor Raddi nor 

 Rafin. Melanopsidium, Cels. hort. but not of Poit. 



LIN. SYST. Penta-tfeptdndria, Monogy'nia. Calyx with the 

 tube adhering to the ovarium, and a 5-7-parted limb. Corolla 

 salver-shaped : having the tube bearded with bristles inside, 

 and a 5-7-parted limb. Stamens 5-7, adnate to the tube. 

 Ovarium crowned by a nectariferous urceolus. Style 1 ; stig- 

 mas 4. Drupe 1 -seeded by abortion A smoothish shrub. 



Leaves opposite, petiolate, elliptic, acutish, villous on the pe- 

 tioles, margins, and the nerves on the under side of the leaves, 

 the rest glabrous. Stipulas solitary at each of the nodi, pro- 

 bably formed of 4, which are combined into a sheath, which is 



cleft on one side, and denticulated at the apex, downy when 

 young, brow n in the adult state, falling off at length in a cir- 

 cular manner at the base. 



1 B. PSYCHOTEIOIDES (D. C. 1. c.). Jj . S. Native country 

 unknown. Viviania psychotrioldes, Colla, 1. c. Melanopsidium 

 nlgrum, Cels. hort. Colla, hort. rip. t. 35. Leaves 3 inches long 

 and 15 lines broad, on petioles 3-4 lines long. Stipulas 6-7 

 lines long. Flowers white, disposed in terminal heads. 



Psychotria-like Billiotia. Clt. ? Shrub. 



Cult. See Hamillonia, p. 555. for culture and propagation. 



Tribe VIIL 



(this tribe agrees with Pcederia in important 

 characters). D. C. prod. 4. p. 470. Lygodysodeaceae, Bartl. 

 in herb. Hsenke, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 470. Fruit 2-celled, 

 indehiscent, hardly fleshy, and the rind is easily separated from 

 the carpels or nuts, which are compressed, 1 -seeded (f. 104. _/.), 

 and hanging from the central filiform axis. Albumen fleshy. 

 Climbing shrubs, with opposite leaves and interpetiolar stipulas. 



CXXXVII. LYGODYSO'DEA (from \vyoe, lygos, a twig, 

 and SvowSng, dysodes, fetid ; all parts of the species are fetid 

 when bruised, like those of Paederia). Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. prod. 

 p. 32. t. 5. Bartl. in herb. Heenke. D. C. prod. 4. p. 470. 

 Disodea, Pers. ench. 1. p. 210. 



LIN. SYST. Pentandria, Monogy'nia. Calyx with an ovate 

 globose tube, and a 5-toothed acute, permanent limb (f. 104. a.). 

 Corolla having the tube much longer than the teeth of the calyx 

 (f. 104. 6.), with a hairy throat, and 5 somewhat revolute lobes 

 (f. 104. c.). Anthers oblong, sessile within the tube (f. 104. 

 e.). Style equal in length to the tube ; stigmas 2, slender (f. 

 104. rf.), exserted. Fruit indehiscent, oval, somewhat com- 

 pressed, shining, crowned by the calycine teeth (f. 104. g.)\ the 

 rind is crustaceous, and at length becomes brittle and breaks 

 irregularly, and therefore is easily separated from the carpels or 

 seeds. Carpels or seeds 2 in each fruit, indehiscent, oval, applied 

 together, girded by a nerve-formed winged margin, hanging by a 

 thread from the base of the fruit, and when the rind has been 

 separated from them appear pendulous. Albumen a thin fleshy 

 membrane, combined with the tegument of the carpella or 

 wanting altogether. Embryo straight, with an inferior terete ra- 

 dicle, cordate foliaceous flat cotyledons, and an inconspicuous 

 plumule. Smoothish twining shrubs, holding the same station 

 in America as the genus Pcederia does in Asia. Stems terete or 

 compressed. Leaves opposite, petiolate, cordate or ovate, acu- 

 minated. Stipulas very short, rather truncate, combined with 

 the petioles. Panicles few-flowered, loose, terminating in few- 

 leaved, axillary branchlets, or axillary and leafy. This genus 

 comes very near Pcedtria, and might probably form a distinct 

 order with it from the distinct calyx and carpels. 



1 L. FCE'TIDA (Ruiz et Pav. 

 fl. per. 2. p. 48. t. 188.) stems 

 alternately compressed and fur- 

 rowed ; corymbs axillary, leaf- 

 less, one half shorter than the 

 leaves ; leaves all more or less 

 cordate. ^ . ^. S. Native of 

 Peru, in groves at Muna and 

 Pozuzo. Dysodea foe'tida, Pers. 

 ench. 1. p. 210. Petioles 4 

 lines long. Flowers purplish 

 white. This plant has been 

 confused with Pcederia fce^tida 

 by Sprengel. 



Fetid Lygodysodea. Sh. tw. 



2 L. CILIA'TA (Bartl. in herb. 

 Haenke, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 



FIG. 104. 



