RUBlACEjfc. CXLI1. CANTHIUM. 



563 



humid places ; and of Gambia, near Albreda, where it was col- 

 lected by Leprieur and Perrottet. Flowers smaller than in any 

 other species of the genus. Stigma ovate. Fruit almost like 

 that of the following. 



Subcordate-leaved Canthium. Tree. 



3 C. DI'DYMUM (Gaertn. fil. carp. 3. p. 94. t. 196. exclusive 

 of the syn. of Rheed.) shrubby, unarmed, glabrous, and smooth ; 

 leaves on short petioles, obtuse, and oval, glandular in the axils 

 of the veins beneath ; cymes axillary, on short peduncles ; fruit 

 didymous. Jj . S. Native of Coromandel, on the mountains. 



Didymous-frwted Canthium. Shrub. 



4 C. MOLUCCA'NUM (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 172.) shrubby, un- 

 armed ; leaves oblong ; tube of corolla gibbous, length of style ; 

 stigma turbinate. Ij . S. Native of the Moluccas. The rest 

 unknown. 



Molucca Canthium. Shrub. 



5 C. FASCICULA V TUM (Blum, bijdr. p. 967.) arboreous, un- 

 armed ; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous : flowers in axillary 

 fasc'cles. fj . S. Native of the west of Java, in mountain 

 woods. Said to be allied to C. didymum. 



Fascicled-Rowered Canthium. Tree. 



C C. GLA'BRUM (Blum, bijdr. p. 967.) arboreous, unarmed ; 

 leaves ovate, or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, acutish at the base, 

 glabrous ; cymes axillary, branched, many-flowered. f; . S. 

 Native of Java, in woods on the mountains. 



Var, /3, puberulum (Blum. 1. c.) leaves roughish above and 

 puberulous beneath. ^ . S. Native of Java, at the foot of 

 Mount Salak. 



Glabrous Canthium. Tree. 



7 C. MITE (Bartl. in herb. Haenke, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 474.) 

 unarmed, glabrous ; leaves petiolate, ovate, acuminated, glan- 

 dular in the axils of the veins beneath ; cymes axillary, loose, 

 3 times shorter than the leaves, fj . S. Native of the Island 

 of Luzon, one of the Philippines. Stipulas acuminated. Cymes 

 bipartite, with diverging branches, and many-flowered branch- 

 lets. Calyx with 5 short, acute teeth. 



Mild Canthium. Shrub. 



8 C. LU'CIDUM (Hook, et Am. in Beech, voy. pt. bot. p. 65.) 

 branches unarmed ; leaves on short petioles, elliptic, obtuse, 

 attenuated a little at the base, coriaceous, shining above, pale 

 beneath ; cymes pedunculate, axillary, nearly globose. J? . S. 

 Native of the Society Islands. Calyx 4-5-toothed. Corolla 

 4-5-lobed. Stamens 4-5. Closely allied to C. glabrum and 

 C. nitens. 



Lucid-leaved Canthium. Shrub. 



* Unarmed shrubs, with tetrandrous flowers. 



9 C. NITENS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 474.) unarmed, glabrous ; 

 leaves petiolate, broad-ovate, bluntish, shining and glossy above ; 

 racemes compound, axillary, many-flowered, a little longer than 

 the petioles. Jj . S. Native of the East Indies, where it was 

 collected by Leschenault. Petioles 8 lines long. Stipulas tri- 

 angular, deciduous. Peduncles disposed in dense panicles. 

 Tube of corolla a little longer than the lobes, which are oval 

 and obtuse. Stigma thick, ovate, much exserted. 



Shining-leaved Canthium. Shrub. 



* * * Spinose shrubs, with letrandrous flowers. 



10 C. PARVIFLORUM (Lam. diet. 1. p. 602.) shrubby; branch- 

 lets glabrous ; spines opposite, horizontal, supra-axillary ; leaves 

 ovate, on short petioles, smooth, longer than the spines, usually 

 in fascicles ; racemes rising beneath the spines at the axils ; 

 berries nearly globose. \i . S. Native of Coromandel, fre- 

 quent. Roxb. cor. 1. p. 39. t. 51. fl. ind. 2. p. 170. Gaertn. 

 fil. carp. 2. p. 196. f. 3.? Webera tetrandra, Willd. spec. 1. 

 p. 1224. Kanden-kara, Rheed. mal. 5. p. 71. t. 36. When 



the plant is in luxuriance, the spines are sometimes threefold. 

 Flowers small, yellow. Berries yellow, obcordate, compressed 

 laterally, size of a cherry. The bush makes excellent fences. 

 The leaves are universally eaten in curries ; on this account the 

 plant has the name of Balusoo-kura, which latter word means 

 esculent. 



Small-flowered Canthium. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 



11 C. HEBE'CLADUM (D. C. prod. 4. p. 474.) shrubby; 

 branchlets velvety ; spines opposite, rising from an acute angle ; 

 leaves obovate, glabrous, hardly longer than the spines ; pedicels 

 numerous, 1-flowered, axillary, fj . S. Native of the Island 

 of Luzon, one of the Philippines. C. parviflorum, Bartl. in 

 herb. Hsenke. but not of Lam. 



Downy-branched Canthium. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 



* * * * Spinose shrubs, with pentandrous flowers. 



12 C. MUNDTIA'NUM (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 4. p. 

 131.) a small erect shrub: with opposite spinescent branches; 

 leaves ovate-oblong, of the same colour on both surfaces, mem- 

 branous ; petioles downy inside ; cymes axillary, pedunculate. 

 Tj . G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, at Plittenberg's Bay. 

 Habit of Plectronia ventbsa, but the cymes are on longer 

 peduncles ; the flowers are smaller, and the stipulas are glabrous 

 inside, not leaving a margin of white wool on falling, as in that 

 plant. 



Var. ft, pubeicens (D. C. prod. 4. p. 474.) leaves downy on 

 both surfaces. Jj . G. Growing along with the species. 

 Mundt's Canthium. Shrub 4 to 5 feet. 



13 C. HORRIDIUM (Blum, bijdr. p. 966.) shrubby, erect ; 

 spines spreading, straight; leaves small, almost sessile, ovate- 

 oblong, acutish, downy on both surfaces, as well as the branches 

 and stipulas ; flowers twin or tern, axillary, on very short pe- 

 duncles. I? . S. Native of Java, among bushes about Buiten- 

 zorg. Branches spreading, opposite. 



Horrid Canthium. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 



14 C. PARVIF6LIUM (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 170.) shrub thorny 

 and hairy ; leaves oval, hairy beneath ; flowers axillary, crowded ; 

 tube of corolla globose. J? . S. Native of the East Indies. 

 The inside of the tube of the corolla is surrounded by a circle 

 of straight white bristles of its own length, inserted round its 

 mouth, and pointing to its bottom. The figure in Pluk. aim 

 27. t. 133. f. 3. so often referred to as this plant, has nothing 

 to do with it ; consequently it is neither Manetia diacantha, 

 Willd. spec. 1. p. 670., nor Azlma diacantha, Lam. diet. 1 

 p. 343. 



Small-leaved Canthium. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 



15 C. ANGUSTIFOLIUM (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 169.) shrub 

 thorny ; leaves lanceolate, glabrous, and shining, on short pe- 

 tioles ; flowers numerous, axillary, on short pedicels ; berries 

 roundish, retuse. T? . S. Native of the East Indies, on hills, 

 in the vicinity of Chittagong, Silhet, and the whole eastern 

 frontier of Bengal. Branches glabrous. Flowers small, green- 

 ish-yellow. Corolla with a short gibbous tube, and 5 lanceolate 

 segments. Drupe roundish, when ripe yellow. 



Narrow-leaved Canthium. Shrub. 



16 C. RHEE V DII(D. C. prod. 4. p. 474.) shrub thorny ; leaves 

 oval-lanceolate, acuminated, on very short petioles, shining ; 

 flowers numerous, axillary, on short pedicels ; berries roundish- 

 ovate, compressed. fj . S. Native of Malabar, where the 

 Brachmans called it Canti, hence the generic name. Tsjeron- 

 kara, Rheed. mal. 5. p. 73. t. 37. Root reddish, bitter. Flowers 

 small, greenish. Berries green. It differs from C, parviflorum 

 in the flowers being 5-cleft and pentandrous. 



Rheede's Canthium. Shrub. 



17 C. PEDUNCULA'RE (Cav. icon. 5. p. 21. t. 436.) shrub 

 thorny ; leaves ovate, acute, almost sessile, downy ; peduncles 



4 c 2 



