RUBIACEJE. CLXXXIII. DEMOCRITEA. CLXXXIV. OCTODON. CLXXXV. BORRERIA. 



611 



10 C. ? MONTA'NUS (Lour. coch. 67.) arboreous ; leaves alter- 

 nate, ovate, acuminated, rough above, and tomentose beneath ; 

 peduncles axillary, solitary ; flowers apetalous, dioecious, 4-cleft ; 

 seeds or fruit pappose. I? . G. Native of China. Flowers 

 green, on solitary axillary peduncles, forming round heads, on 

 naked globular receptacles. 



Mountain Button-wood. Tree large. 



Cult. The first species, C. occidentalis, being hardy, is a 

 very proper plant for the fronts of shrubberies. It thrives best 

 in a peat soil ; and is readily increased by layering, or by ripened 

 cuttings under a hand-glass. The rest of the species being ten- 

 der, their culture and propagation are the same as that recom- 

 mended for Psychotria, p. 599. 



SUBTRIBE II. EUSPERMACO V CE; (the genera contained 

 in this subtribe agree with Spermacoce in the distinct flowers, 

 and divisible fruit). D. C. prod. 4. p. 540. Spermacocese, 

 H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 341. Flowers distinct. 

 Fruit dry, usually separable into 2 parts, rarely into 3 or 4 

 parts. 



CLXXXIII. DEMOCRITEA (so named from Democritis, 

 an ancient philosopher). D. C. prod. 4. p. 540. 



LIN. SYST. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with a turbinate 

 rather angular tube, and 5 lanceolate acute stiff lobes. Corolla, 

 stamens, and stigma unknown. Fruit adnate to the tube of 

 the calyx and membranous pericarp at first, but at length 

 becoming ruptured, 2-seeded, 2-celled while young, but 

 at length only 1 -celled from the dissepiment having vanished. 

 Seeds free within the pericarp, flat inside, and convex outside. 

 Albumen fleshy. Embryo erect, central. A Chinese shrub, 

 with the habit of Serissa. Flowers unknown ; but the calyx 

 and fruit are very different from those of Serissa. Branches 

 terete, white, when young rather downy. Leaves opposite. 

 Sheaths short, combined with the petioles a little, and bearing 

 each 3 stiff bristles. Flowers in fascicles at the tops of the 

 branches. 



1 D. SERISSO'IDES (D. C. prod. 4. p. 540.) fj . G. Native of 

 China, where it was collected by Sir George Staunton. 



Serissa-like Democritea. Shrub 1 to 2 feet. 



Cult. A mixture of loam, peat, and sand will be the best 

 soil for this little shrub ; and cuttings will be easily rooted in 

 sand under a hand-glass. 



CLXXXIV. O'CTODON (from OKTW, octo, eight, and 

 oSovToe, odous odontos, a tooth ; in allusion to the limb of the 

 calyx, which is 8-toothed). Thonn. in Schum. pi. guin. p. 74. 

 D C. prod. 4. p. 540. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with a clavately 

 obovate tube, and an 8-toothed limb ; teeth very short, obtuse. 

 Corolla campanulate, 4-cleft ; lobes acute, beset with a few glan- 

 dular hairs inside. Stamens inserted in the bottom of the tube 

 of the corolla. Stigma globose, obsoletely bifid. Capsule tur- 

 binate, obsoletely tetragonal, 2-celled, 2-valved, dehiscing at the 

 dissepiment; cells 1 -seeded ; valves semi-bifid inside. Seeds 

 oblong. An erect branched glabrous herb, about a foot high. 

 Stems tetragonal. Leaves filiform, elongated, acute. Stipulas 

 sheathing, furnished with 3-4 bristles on each side, which are 

 shorter than the sheath. Heads of flowers verticillate, terminal 

 and axillary ones nearly equal, roundish. Very nearly allied to 

 Borreria ; but differs from it in the calyx being 8-toothed, and 

 in the other characters indicated above. 



1 O. FILIFOLIUM (Thonn. 1. c.) Native of Guinea, where it 

 was collected by Thonning, and in the waters of the Senegambia 

 and Gala by Leprieur and Perrottet. Spermacoce filit olia, Perr. 

 et Lepr. mss. 



Thread-leaved Octodon. PI. 1 foot. 



Cult. See Spermacoce for culture and propagation. 



CLXXXV. BORRE'RIA (named after William Borrer,F.L.S. 

 &c. one of our first British botanists). Meyer, esseq. p. 79. 

 Cham, et Schlecht in Linnaea. 3. p. 310. Spreng. neue entd. 2. 

 p. 144. but not of Ach. Bigelowia, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 394. but 

 not of his neue entd. nor of others. Chlorophytum and Sper- 

 macoce, Pohl, in litt. Spermacoce species, Lin. Lam. Spreng. 

 A. Rich. Grulhamannia, Neck. elem. no. 338. ? 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate 

 tube, and a permanent limb, which is parted into 2-4 teeth. 

 Corolla salver-shaped or funnel-shaped, 4-lobed. Stamens 4, 

 exserted or inclosed. Stigma bifid or undivided. Capsule 

 crowned by the limb of the calyx, 2-celled, opening from the 

 apex at the dissepiment when mature, but without any free dis- 

 sepiment ; coccse or nuts 1 -seeded, opening by a longitudinal 

 chink inside. Seeds ovate-oblong, marked in front by a longi- 

 tudinal furrow. Herbs or subshrubs, nearly all natives of the 

 hotter parts of America. Stems and branches usually tetragonal. 

 Leaves opposite, or the young ones are disposed in fascicles in 

 the axils of the old ones, and therefore appearing verticillate. 

 Stipulas joined with the petioles, more or less sheathing, fringed 

 by many bristles. Flowers disposed in verticillate heads in the 

 axils of the leaves, or on the tops of the branches, rarely cymose 

 or corymbose, small, white, rarely blue. 



1. Flowers disposed in axillary and terminal verticillate 

 heads : the terminal heads are girded by floral leaves, which are 

 longer than them. 



* Teeth of calyx only 2. 



1 B. GLOBULARIOIDES (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 

 312.) plant shrubby, erect, glabrous; branches somewhat tetra- 

 gonal ; leaves narrow-lanceolate, acuminated, with scabrous mar- 

 gins, paler beneath ; bristles of Stipulas longer than the sheath ; 

 heads of flowers globose, terminal or lateral ; calyx bidentate ; 

 genitals exserted. Jj . S. Native of equinoxial Brazil. Sper- 

 macoce fruticdsa, Pohl, in litt. Heads of flowers a little larger 

 than peas. Flowers 3 times the size of those of B. verticilldta, 

 white. Capsule glabrous ; nuts opening but slowly. 



Globularia-leaved Borreria. Shrub 1 to 1^ foot. 



2 B. VERTICILLA'TA (Meyer, esseq. p. 83.) plant suffruticose, 

 glabrous ; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves linear-lanceolate, acu- 

 minated, opposite, but appearing verticillate from the fascicles of 

 young leaves in the axils ; bristles of Stipulas length of sheath ; 

 whorles of flowers globose, terminal, and axillary ; capsule gla- 

 brous, oval, small, crowned by the bidentate calyx. Ij . S. Na- 

 tive of Jamaica, Guiana, Brazil, Caraccas, Trinidad, &c. Sper- 

 mac6ce verticillata var. Americana, Lin. spec. p. 148. exclusive 

 of the synonymes. Bigelowia verticillata and B. commutata, 

 Spreng. syst. 1. p. 404. Spermacbce mucronata, Nees, hor. 

 berl. p. 49. and Spermacoce st^llata, Willd. herb, ex Cham, et 

 Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 311. Spermacoce verticillata, Swartz, 

 Pohl, Nees, and Willd., but not of Burm. Flowers white. 

 Calyx sometimes furnished with accessory teeth. Seeds granular. 



Var. /3 ; leaves more crowded, and much shorter. >j . S. 

 Native of Brazil, in dry places at Rio Janeiro. 



Whorled-fiovfered Borreria. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1732. Sh. 

 2 to 3 feet. 



3 B. KOHAUTIA'NA (Cham, et Schlecht. inLinnaaa. 3. p. 311.) 

 plant suffruticose, glabrous ; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves ob- 

 long-linear, bluntish, mucronate, opposite, but appearing verti- 

 cillate from clusters of young ones in their axils ; bristles of sti- 

 pulas shorter than the sheath ; whorles of flowers globose, ter- 

 minal, and axillary ; capsule downy, crowned by the bidentate 

 calyx, fj . S. Native of Senegal and Gambia ; and probably 



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