RUBIACE.E. CLXXXIX. TRIODON. CXC. CRUSEA. CXCI. RICHARDSONIA. 



627 



2 T. GLOMERA'TUS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 566.) shrubby, much 

 branched, glabrous ; branchlets acutely tetragonal ; leaves ob- 

 long-linear, opposite, and falsely verticillate ; bristles of stipulas 

 short ; flowers disposed in fascicles at the tops of the branches ; 

 teeth of calyx 4, on the top of the fruit, 2 large, and 2 nearly 

 obliterated. ^ . S. Native of Brazil. Diodia Brasiliensis, 

 Spreng. syst. 1. p. 406. Rubia glomerata, Pohl, in litt. Nearly 

 allied to T. polymorpha, var. a, but differs in the bristles of the 

 stipulas being one-half shorter, in the branchlets being glabrous, 

 and in the flowers being in terminal fascicles. 



Gfommzte-flowered Triodon. Shrub. 



3 T. POLYMORPHA (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 344. 

 under Diodia) shrubby, much branched, glabrous ; branches 

 tetragonal ; leaves petiolate, oblong-linear, opposite, and falsely 

 verticillate ; bristles of stipulas rather longer than the sheath ; 

 flowers axillary and terminal, few ; calyx bidentate, and some- 

 times with 2 accessory teeth. Tj . S. Native of Brazil. Fruit 

 as in T. anthospermoides, to which it is very nearly allied. 



Var. a, microphyllus (Cham, et Schlecht, 1. c.) tops of plant 

 downy ; leaves smaller and firmer ; calyx hairy, 4-toothed. Ij . 

 S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Rio Janeiro, in dry, 

 exposed places. 



Var. ft, intermedius (Cham, et Schlecht. 1. c.) smoothish ; 

 leaves flat, softish ; calyx glabrous, 4-toothed. T? S. Native 

 of the south of Brazil. 



Var. y, macrophyllus (Cham, et Schlecht. 1. c.) glabrous ; in- 

 ternodes elongated ; leaves flat, thinner and larger ; calyx gla- 

 brous, bidentate. fj . S. Native of the south of Brazil. 



Polymorphous Triodon. Shrub \\ foot. 



Cult. The species of Triodon will grow in any good, light 

 soil ; and cuttings of them will strike root readily in the same 

 kind of soil, under a hand-glass in heat. 



CXC. CRU'SEA (in honour of G. Cruse, M.D., who has 



written on the rubiaceous plants of the Cape of Good Hope). 

 Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 5. p. 165. D. C. prod. 4. p. 566. 

 but not of Rich. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with a didymous, 

 ovate tube, and with the limb contracted at the base, and profoundly 

 cleft at the apex, but not parted ; lobes 4, linear-subulate, elon- 

 gated, hairy, and 4 small accessory ones between these. Corolla 

 salver-shaped, with a long tube, which is obconical at the apex ; 

 a naked throat, and a 4-lobed limb. Stamens exserted. Style 

 longer than the stamens, bifid at the apex. Fruit composed of 

 2 indehiscent, 1 -seeded nuts, which at length separate from the 

 axis, which is permanent, flat, membranous, and retaining the 

 calyx at its apex. Herbs which are sometimes suffruticose at 

 the base, erect or ascending. Leaves opposite, ovate-lanceolate. 

 Stipulas sheathing, ciliated with bristles. Flowers red, disposed 

 in capitate, terminal umbels, which are girded by involucra. 



1 C. CALOCE'PHALA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 567.) stem terete, 

 herbaceous, villous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, with 

 rather oblique nerves, of which 2 rise near the base on both 

 sides ; bristles of stipulas 7-9, hispid. () H. Native of 

 Mexico. Spermacoce capitata, Moc. et Sesse. fl. mex. icon, 

 ined. but not of fl. per. Spermacoce hirta, Pav. ined. but not 

 of Lin. Stamens longer than the lobes of the corolla. Corolla 

 4 lines long, red. 



Beautiful-headed Crusea. PI. 2 feet. 



2 C. RU BRA (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 5. p. 165.) stem 

 tetragonal, herbaceous, hispid ; branches opposite ; leaves ovate, 

 acuminated, hairy, with the nerves oblique on both sides of the 

 mid-rib; bristles of stipulas 7-9, hispid. Q. H. Native of 

 Vera Cruz and Cuba. Crucianella hispida, Mill. diet. no. 4. 

 Spermacoce rubra, Jacq .hort. schoenbr. 3. p. 3. t. 256. Sper- 

 macoce longiflora, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 271. 



Spermacoce strigosa, Sims, bot. mag. t. 1558. but not of Thunb. 

 Spermacoce rubra and S. strigosa, Poir. Schultes. Flowers red 

 or purple. 



/ferf-flowered Crusea. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1766. PI. 2 to 

 3 feet. 



3 C. cocciNEA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 567.) stem tetragonal, suf- 

 fruticose at the base, glabrous ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nated, petiolate, glabrous, with 3 nerves on both sides of the 

 mid-rib ; bristles of stipulas 3, glabrous, the middle one 

 the longest. Pj . S. Native of New !?pain. Spermacoce coc- 

 cinea, Pavon, in herb. Dunant. Corollas scarlet, larger than in 

 any other plant belonging to the tribe Spermacbceae ; it is even 

 an inch long. Alabastra and lobes of the corolla beset with 

 bristles on the outside ; the rest of the corolla glabrous. Style 

 exserted beyond the tube of the corolla. Fruit unknown ; but 

 the plant agrees in habit with the other species of the genus. 



Scarlet-fiowered. Crusea. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



4 C. BRACHYPHY'LLA (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 5. p. 

 165.) stem nearly terete, fistular, clothed with rather retrograde 

 hairs ; leaves broad-ovate, on short petioles, of a different colour 

 beneath, beset with scattered hairs above, and along the nerves 

 beneath ; heads of flowers terminal, involucrated by leaves ; 

 lobes of calyx triangular. Native of Mexico, on Serra Colo- 

 rado, where it was collected by Schiede and Deppe. Nearly 

 allied to C. rtlbra, but differs in the characters indicated above, 

 and in the fruit being much smaller, and nearly terete, not glo- 

 bose. Flowers red, smaller and shorter than in C. rubra. 



Short-leaved Crusea. PI. 2 feet. 



Cult. The annual species should be treated as other 

 tender annuals, by being raised in a frame, and afterwards 

 planted out in the open ground in May. The shrubby species 

 should be treated in the manner recommended for Triodon 

 above. 



CXCI. RICHARDSONIA (named by Kunth, in memory of 

 Richard Richardson, an English botanist of the 16th century). 

 Kunth, in mem. mus. 4. p. 430. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 350. D. C. 

 prod. 4. p. 567. but not of Neck. Richardia, Lin. gen. no. 

 439. Gaertn. fruct. 1. t. 25. A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. nat. Par. 

 5. p. 154. t. 14. f. 5. Schultes, syst. 7. p. 85. but not of Kunth. 

 Schiedea, Bartl. in herb. Haenke, but not of Cham, et Schlecht. 

 nor of A. Rich. 



LIN. SYST. Tri-Hex&ndria, Monogynia. Calyx with a subglo- 

 bose tube, and a 6-7-parted limb; teeth or lobes unequal, without 

 any accessory ones. Corolla funnel-shaped, with an obconical 

 tube, and a spreading, 3-6-lobed limb ; lobes valvate in aestiva- 

 tion. Stamens equal in number to the lobes of the corolla ; fila- 

 ments exserted. Style 3-4-cleft at the apex. Stigmas rather 

 capitate. Capsule containing 3-4 indehiscent, membranous, 1- 

 seeded nuts, crowned by the permanent calyx, which at length 

 becomes circumcised at the base, and falls off, leaving the 

 nuts naked. Seeds peltate. Albumen between fleshy and horny. 

 Diffuse, decumbent herbs, natives of America. Roots almost 

 simple, rather woody, with thick bark, which is wrinkled trans- 

 versely ; those of many of the species are used in various 

 parts of the world as substitutes for Ipecacuanha. Leaves 

 opposite, ovate. Stipulas of many bristles. Flowers capitate 

 at the tops of the branches, each head involucrated by the 4 

 uppermost leaves. 



1. Calyx 6-7-lobed. 



1 R. SCA'BRA (St. Hil. pi. us. bras. 8. t. 8. Mart. spec, 

 mat. med. bras. p. 10. t. 9. f. 13. root.) stems hairy; leaves 

 ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, rarely oblong, acutish, with scabrous 

 margins ; bristles of stipulas shorter than the sheath ; heads 

 many-flowered ; lobes of calyx triangular, ciliated ; segments of 

 4L 2 



