628 



RUBIACE^E. CXCI. RICHARDSONIA. CXCII. KNOXIA. 



corolla pilose at the apex. If. . S. Native of Brazil, at Rio 

 Janeiro, in sandy, cultivated fields, and by way sides ; also of 

 New Granada, in dry, sandy places near Ibague, and at Vera- 

 Cruz ; as well as of Peru, about Lima and Cercado, &c., Sweet, 

 fl. gard. t. 91. Richardia scabra, Lin. spec. 470. Riehardia 

 pilosa, Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 3. p. 50. R. scabra and R. pilosa, 

 Pers. encli. 1. p. 392. R. pilosa, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 

 amer. 3. p. 350. t. 279. Spermacoce hexandra, A. Rich. hist, 

 nat. spec. p. 13. and 31. R. Brasiliensis, Gom. mem. ipec. p. 

 31. t. 2. Virey, journ. pharm. 1820. p. 257. with a figure. 

 Hayn. arzn. 8. t. 21. Spermacoce hirsuta, Roem. et Schultes, 

 syst. 7. p. 85. Corolla white, twice the length of the calyx. The 

 roots are horizontal, and white, and are used as a substitute for 

 Ipecacuanha, in the province of Rio Janeiro, where it grows in 

 great plenty, under the name of Poaya do Campo. It is the 

 Ipecacuanha amvlace ou blanc, Merat. diet. med. 26. p. 13. and 

 therefore the white Ipecacuanha of the shops. 



Scabrous Richardsonia, or White Ipecacuanha. Fl. Sept. 

 CIt. 1814. PI. procumbent. 



2 R. ROSEA (St. Hil. pi. us. bras, no. 7. t. 7.) stems hispid, 

 very hairy at the tops; leaves ovate-lanceolate, mucronately 

 acute, with scabrous margins ; bristles of stipulas longer than the 

 sheath ; heads few-flowered ; lobes of calyx 6, linear, rather 

 hispid ; corolla ventricose, having the segments pilose on the 

 outside, "if. . S. Native of Brazil, in dry, sandy places. R. 

 emetica, Mart. spec. mat. med. bras. p. 11. t. 9. f. 19. Cham, 

 et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 351. R. rosea and R. emetica, 

 Schultes, syst. 7. p. 87. Corolla rose-coloured, 3 times longer 

 than the lobes of the calyx. Roots black, twisted, and are used 

 as a substitute for Ipecacuanha in the neighbourhood of Joao del 

 Rey, in Brazil, where it is cultivated in great quantities for that 

 purpose, under the name of Poaya do Campo, and are, along 

 with the roots of R. scabra, imported into Europe. 



^Jose-flowered Richardsonia. PI. procumbent. 



3 R. GRANDIFLO'RA (Cham, et Schlecht. inLinnaea. 3. p. 351.) 

 plant ascending ; stems hispid from bristles ; leaves lanceolate, 

 acute, scabrous from bristles ; bristles of stipulas rather longer 

 than the sheath ; heads few-flowered; segments of the calyx 

 lanceolate, acuminated ; corolla glabrous. Tf.. S. Native of the 

 south of Brazil. Roots like that of R. rosea. Corolla white, 

 tipped with red. Stamens 6. 



Great-flowered Richardsonia. PI. decumbent. 



4 R. LATERA'I.IS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 568.) erect, stem hispid 

 from spreading hairs ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, muriculated 

 above, and pilose bepeath ; bristles of stipulas longer than the 

 sheath ; heads of flowers small, 3 times shorter than the brae- 

 teas, which are ovate-lanceolate, and hispid beneath at the base ; 

 lobes of calyx 6, subulate, longer than the tube. If. . S. Na- 

 tive of Brazil, where it was collected by Pohl. Spermacoce late- 

 ralis, Pohl, in litt. Very nearly allied to R. divergens, but the 

 fruit is unknown, and is therefore a doubtful species of the 

 genus. 



Lateral Richardsonia. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



5 R. DIVE'RGENS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 568.) plant erect, hispid 

 from bristles in every part ; leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminated ; 

 bristles of stipulas longer than the sheath ; heads small, 3 times 

 shorter than the bracteas, which are lanceolate ; limb of calyx 

 very hispid, C-cleft; fruit of 4 tubercularly muricated nuts. 

 It. S. Native of Brazil, Pohl; and near Bahia, in cultivated 

 places, Salzmann. Spermacoce divergens, Pohl, in litt. Corolla 

 white. 



Diverging Richardsonia. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 



6 R. SPA'RSA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 568.) the whole plant hispid 

 from bristles ; branches trichotomous ; leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 acuminated ; bristles of stipulas equal in length to the sheath : 

 heads either from the forks of the branches or from their tops ; 



the latter one-half shorter than the bracteas, which are lanceo- 

 late ; limb of calyx very hispid, 6-cleft ; fruit of 4 tubercularly 

 muricated nuts. T{. . S. Native of Brazil, Pohl ; at Bahia, in 

 dry pastures, Salzmann. Spermacoce sparsa, Pohl, in litt. 

 Flowers white. 



Scattered Richardsonia. PL 1 to 2 feet. 



2. Calyx 4>-lobed, very rarely 3-5-lobed. 



7 R. STELLA'RIS (Cham, et Schlecht. in Linnaea. 3. p. 352.) 

 plant decumbent, twisted ; stem hairy ; leaves lanceolate, acumi- 

 nated, hairy; bristles of stipulas 5, much longer than the sheath ; 

 heads hemispherical ; segments of the calyx 4, oblong ; corolla 

 glabrous, about equal in length to the calycine teeth. O- F. 

 Native of Brazil, in the province of Cisplatine. Flowers 3-4- 

 parted, white ? 



Starry Richardsonia. PI. decumbent. 



8 R. HUMISTRA'TA (Cham, et Schlecht. I.e. 3. p. 354.) plant 

 trailing, flexuous ; stems clothed with canescent hairs ; leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute, clothed also with canescent hairs; bristles 

 of stipulas 3-6, equal in length to the sheath ; heads hemispheri- 

 cal ; segments of calyx 4, oval ; corolla glabrous, rather longer 

 than the lobes of the calyx. %. S. Native of Brazil, in the 

 province of Monte Video. Flowers small, tetramerous and pen- 

 tamerous. 



Trailing Richardsonia. PI. trailing. 



9 R. ADSCE'NDENS (D. C. prod. 4. p. 549.) stems ascending, 

 villous ; leaves oblong, attenuated at both ends, scabrous from 

 pubescence on both surfaces ; heads terminal, on long pedun- 

 cles ; leaves of involucrum ovate, hardly exceeding the flowers ; 

 calycine segments 5, acute ; corolla tubular, downy outside at 

 the tops of the lobes, the rest glabrous. If. . S. Native of 

 Mexico. Spermacoce adscendens, Pav. in herb. Moric. Ri- 

 chardia villosa, Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. icon, ined., in which the 

 corolla is more coloured. 



Ascending Richardsonia. PI. ascending. 



10 R. H^KKEA'NA (D. C. prod. 4. p. 569.) stems trailing, 

 tufted, twisted, creeping, suffruticose, hairy ; leaves oblong, 

 villous ; bristles of stipulas shorter than the sheath ; heads of 

 flowers flattish ; lobes of calyx 4, ovate, acutish ; corolla subro- 

 tate. I/ . ? S. Native of Mexico, where it was collected by 

 Haenke. Schiedea Mexicana, Bartl. in herb. Haenke. 



Haenke's Richardsonia. PI. trailing. 



Cult. The species of this genus will thrive in any light soil ; 

 and cuttings of them strike root readily in the same kind of soil, 

 under a hand-glass, in a little heat. 



CXCII. KNO'XIA (named after Robert Knox, who lived 

 many years in Ceylon, and published a relation of it in 1781). 

 Lin. gen. no. 123. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 121. t. 25. Lam. ill. t. 

 59. A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. nat. Par. 5. p. 152. t. 15. f. 1. 

 but not of P. Browne. -Spermacoce species, Roxb. Willd. and 

 others. 



LIN. SYST. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate, 

 rather ribbed tube, and 4 small unequal teeth, which are per- 

 manent, and erectly connivent on the fruit. Corolla salver- 

 shaped, with a terete tube, a usually bearded throat, and a 4- 

 lobed limb. Anthers at the throat. Stigma 2-lobed. Fruit 

 2-celled, usually separated from the base to the apex at the dis- 

 sepiment into 2 indehiscent, 1 -seeded nuts, which are sometimes, 

 however, combined at the base, and separating slowly, having the 

 axis filiform, and remaining as in umbelliferous plants. Seeds 

 ovate, triquetrous, erect. Albumen fleshy. Embryo erect. 

 Herbs or sub-shrubs, natives of the East Indies. Stems terete 

 or tetragonal. Leaves opposite, and falsely verticillate from 

 axillary fascicles. Stipulas undivided, or of few bristles, joined 

 with the base of the petioles. Cymes as in the plants belonging 



