6.38 



RUBIACEjE. CCXIII. ASPERULA. 



dots. I/ . H. Native of the south of Europe, in rugged places 

 and in woods, from Narbonne to Constantinople. Willd. spec, 

 1. p. 579. exclusive of Barrel, syn. D. C. fl. fr. no. 3344. A. 

 rotundifolia, Lam. diet. 1. p. 298. Moris, oxon. 3. sect. 9. t. 

 21. f. 4. Bocc. sic. p. 10. t. 11. f. 5. Flowers white. 



Smooth Woodroof. Fl. June. Clt. 1775. PI. | to 1 foot 

 ascending. 



6 A. HEXAPHV'LLA (All. ped. no. 48. t. 77. f. 3.) plant as- 

 cending, glabrous ; leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, spreading, acute, 

 with revolute scabrous margins ; cymes terminal ; flowers ag- 

 gregate, umbellate ; bracteas glabrous, acute, shorter than the 

 flowers. I/ . H. Native of Piedmont, on the lower Alps about 

 Tende and Saorgio. A. Allioni, Baumg. enum. trans. 1. p. 80. 

 Corolla purple outside, but white within. 



Var. ft, rig'idula (D. C. prod. 4. p. 582.) leaves stiffer and 

 blunter than those of the species, and the floral ones are obovate. 

 I/ . H. Native of Sicily, in the fissures of calcareous rocks by 

 the sea side. A. hexaphylla, Guss. prod. fl. sic. 1. p. 166. 

 There are glabrous and downy variations of this plant. _ 



Six-leaved Woodroof. PI. -J foot. 



7 A. GRA'CILIS (Meyer, verz. pfl. p. 52.) plant perennial, 

 smooth, glabrous ; stems filiform, much branched, diffuse ; leaves 

 4 in a whorl, equal, elliptic, bluntish, with rather scabrous mar- 

 gins : upper ones opposite ; umbels terminal, few-flowered ; co- 

 rolla 4-5- cleft, almost glabrous, with obtuse segments ; style 

 semibifid ; mericarps smooth, glabrous. If.. H. Native of 

 Caucasus, in alpine places at the river Malka. 



Slender Woodroof. PI. diffuse. 



8 A. HI'RTA (Ramond, bull. phil. no. 41. p. 131. t. 9. f. 1. 

 2-3.) plant tufted, erectish ; leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, acute, 

 hairy, longer than the internodes ; flowers aggregately umbel- 

 late, terminal, sessile, exceeding the bracteas ; fruit glabrous. 

 If. . H. Native of the central Pyrenees, on the higher ranges 

 on dry banks. A. nov. spec. St. Amans, trav. pyr. 194. Corollas 

 white, purplish outside. In cultivation the plant becomes smooth, 

 and is then referrible to A. hexaphylla. 



Hairy Woodroof. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1817. PI. | foot. 



9 A. TINCTORIA (Lin. spec. 150.) plant erectish, glabrous ; 

 leaves linear : lower ones 6 in a whorl : middle ones 4, and the 

 uppermost ones opposite ; floral leaves ovate ; flowers usually 

 trifid. I/ . H. Native of Europe, on hills in arid stony places. 

 A. rubeola ft, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 375. Galium tinctorium, Scop, 

 earn. no. 149. Tabern. icon. t. 733. f. 2. Roots large, creep- 

 ing, reddish, and are used in Gothland instead of madder for 

 dyeing red. Plant procumbent, unless supported. Stem 1-2 

 feet long, purplish. Flowers usually by threes. Corollas white, 

 reddish on the outside. Very like A. cynanchica. 



Dyers' Woodroof. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1764. PI. 1 to 

 2 feet. 



10 A. CYNA'NCHICA (Lin. spec. p. 151.) plant glabrous, 

 erectish ; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear : lower ones small, oblong, 

 upper ones opposite ; floral ones lanceolate-linear, acuminately 

 awned; flowers terminal, quadrifid'; fruit granulated. I/. H. 

 Native of Europe, in dry gravelly places ; abundant in many parts 

 of England on chalky downs. Smith, engl. bot. t. 33. Berg. phyt. 

 t. 81. Rubia cynanchica, J. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 723. with a figure. 

 Asp. rubeola a, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 375. A. tinctoria var. ft, Lam. 

 diet. 1. p. 298. Galium cynanchicum, Scop. earn. no. 147. Herb 

 variable in habit. Stems prostrate, dichotomously branched. 

 The flowers grow on erect branches, forming a fastigiate corymb, 

 white or blush-coloured, elegantly marked with red lines, and 

 sometimes they are pure white. Dalechamp seems to be the chief 

 authority for the reputation this plant formerly acquired in the 

 cure of quinsies. He says it should be applied externally, as 

 well as taken internally, but it is now entirely out of use. 



Var. ft, heterophylla (B.C. prod. 4. p. 583.) decumbent; 



leaves of the sterile branches ovate, and of the flowering ones 

 linear. I/ . H. Native of the Pyrenees, in sandy places. A. 

 Pyreniica, Lin. herb. A. cynanchica ft and y, D. C. suppl. fl. fr. 

 p. 493. A. rubeola, Gratel, in bull. soc. hist. nat. bord. 1. p. 

 311.? 



Var. ft, saxatilis (D. C. suppl. p. 495. var. 3,) plant tufted, 

 erect; leaves linear, length of internodes. Tf.. H. Native of 

 the Pyrenees, among stones and on rocks. A. Pyrenaica, Lin. 

 spec. 151.? A. saxatilis, Lam. ill. no. 139. A. multiflora, 

 Lapeyr. abr. p. 62. ex Benth. 



Var. S, elongata (Stev. inlitt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 583.) plant 

 elongated, erect ; leaves linear, shorter than the internodes. Tf. . 

 H. Native of Tauria and Caucasus. A. cynanchica, Bieb. fl. 

 taur. 



Quinsy Woodroof. Fl. July. England. PI. f to 1 foot. 



11 A. SUPINA (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 101.) glabrous; stem 

 much branched at the base, procumbent ; leaves 4 in. a whorl, 

 linear, acute : lower ones imbricately crowded ; peduncles 3- 

 flowered, axillary and terminal, rather panicled ; corolla with a 

 terete tube, and 4 oblong lobes ; fruit glabrous. I/. H. Native 

 of Tauria and Caucasus, in the fissures of calcareous rocks, and 

 in gravelly places. A. cynanchica ft, Meyer, verz. pfl. p. 406. 

 Very nearly allied to A. cynanchica, but the flowers are white, 

 not as in it, blush-coloured. Internodes of the stem short. 



Supine Woodroof. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1821. PI. pr. 



12 A. LONGIFLORA (Waldst. et Kit. pi. rar. hung. 2. t. 150.) 

 stems numerous from the same neck, erectish, glabrous ; leaves 

 4 in a whorl, linear : lower ones small, obovate : upper ones op- 

 posite ; fascicles of flowers terminal, pedunculate ; bracteas 

 small, subulate ; tube of corolla elongated ; fruit glabrous, 

 smooth. Tf. . H. Native of Croatia, Carniola, and Carinthia, in 

 mountainous places, and on rocks. A. suaveolens, Schrad. in litt. 

 1815. Corolla whitish, yellowish inside, and reddish outside. 

 Stems weak. 



Long-flowered Woodroof. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1821. PI. | ft. 



13 A. BREVIFOLIA (Vent. hort. eels. p. 63. t. 63.) plant gla- 

 brous, decumbent ; leaves 4 in a whorl, very short, distant : up- 

 permost ones opposite ; flowers axillary, solitary on short pedi- 

 cels, and in termiral fascicles ; corolla 4-cleft ; style bipartite to 

 the base. I/ . H. Native of Caramania, near Cylindre on 

 mountains. Stem much branched. Corollas at first yellowish- 

 green, but at length becoming purplish. 



Short-leaved Woodroof. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1824. PI. dec. 



14 A. LU'TEA (Smith, fl. graec. t. 120.) stems erect ; leaves 4 in 

 a whorl, linear, glabrous, mucronate ; flowers in fascicles, downy, 

 awned. Tf. . H. Native of Mount Parnassus. Rubeola Cre- 

 tica saxatilis frutescens flore luteo, Tourn. cor. p. 5. Flowers 

 yellow. Fascicles of flowers spicate. 



re/tow-flowered Woodroof. PI. 1 foot. 



15 A. ARISTA'TA (Lin. fil. suppl. 120.) plant erect, glabrous; 

 leaves 4 in a whorl, linear, acute : upper ones opposite : the 

 floral ones like the rest, but smaller ; flowers in terminal fasci- 

 cles ; lobes of corolla bluntly awned. I/ . H. Native of the 

 south of Europe, Sicily, &c. Flowers usually by threes, pale 

 yellow. 



Far. ft, flaccida (D. C. prod. 4. p. 583.) plant diffuse ; 

 branches divaricate, pendulous ; pedicels usually 2-flowered. 

 %. H. Native of the kingdom of Naples, in rocky places. A. 

 flaccida, Tenore, append. 4. prod. p. 8. A. cynanchica a, 

 Tenore, prod. xii. A. longiflora, Tenore, fl. med. p. 89. 



^wnerf-flowered Woodroof. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1823. PI. 

 ^ to 1 foot. 



16 A. MONTA'NA (Willd. enum. p. 151.) glabrous; stem flac- 

 cid ; leaves linear : lower ones 6 in a whorl : middle ones 4, 

 upper ones opposite ; floral leaves linear ; flowers in fascicles ; 

 corollas 4-cleft, scabrous externally. If. , H. Native of Hun- 



